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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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active voice
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In the active voice, the subject of the verb is doing the action.
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allegory
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Allegory is a form of writing that uses fictional characters and events to symbolically represent a deeper meaning, including political and moral
George Orwell's Animal Farm |
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alliteration
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Alliteration refers to the repetition of identical consonant sounds at the beginning of words in close proximity (Peter Piper picked a peck
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allusion
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Allusion is a reference made to another text within a text. This reference can be made in passing, or it can be directly stated. Allusions are made assuming the reader will also be familiar with the other work, and that it will help readers better understand an idea.
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anti-climax
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Anti-climax is an outcome to a situation that by contrast to what was anticipated, is disappointing or even ludicrous. Sometimes the result can be humorous.
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aural, aurally
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"Aural" refers to the sense of hearing. If someone says a poem or piece of music is "aurally appealing," it sounds pleasant.
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blank verse
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Blank verse is a form of poetry that is written in unrhymed iambic pentameter: every line of the poem has 10 syllables and those syllables have a sing-songy up and down sound to them. Most of Shakespeare’s plays are written in blank verse.
u / u / u / u / u / Two households, both alike in dignity u / u / u / u / u / In fair Verona, where we lay our scene, (The "u" indicates an unstressed syllable; the "/" indicates a stressed syllable.) |
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cacophony
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Cacophony takes the form of harsh, unpleasant, discordant sounds.
The clatter of crashing vied for my attention. |
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canon
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In literature, a canon refers to a group of works that represent a field. The canon of a particular author can refer to the works that are accepted as authentic (for example, the Shakespeare canon refers to the texts that are accepted as authored by Shakespeare).
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cliché
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A cliché is a metaphor, simile, or saying that has become so overused that it is no longer unique, e.g., strong as a bull, happy as a clam, big as a house.
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concrete poem
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A concrete poem is a poem whose lines are written so that a shape is created on the page. The shape often suggests the poem's subject.
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connotation
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Connotation refers to the emotional associations and overtones related to a word. For example, a person who is underweight might be described as slight, or scrawny. "Slight" has a fairly positive emotional connotation, while "scrawny" has a negative connotation.
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couplet
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A couplet is two successive lines of verse that rhyme and are usually of equal length.
It think it is time / You learned to rhyme. |
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critical literacy
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Critical Literacy is the ability to evaluate critically the text being read; the one main requirement is that you keep an open mind to expand the meanings and enjoyment of the work.
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dilemma
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A dilemma is a situation in which a choice must be made between two equally unfavourable options.
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dissonance
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Dissonance refers to a harsh rhythm, or lack of harmony between sounds. Dissonance is similar to cacophony, and opposite to euphony.
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found poetry
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Found poetry is verse assembled from words, phrases, or whole passages taken from another source. The meaning created is partly from the original source(s) of the poet's words, and partly through the new combination the poet places them in.
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hyperbole
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Hyperbole is deliberate exaggeration for emphasis.
I’m so hungry I could eat a horse. |
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image / imagery
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Imagery is a word or group of words in a story or poem that appeals to one or more of the senses: sight, taste, touch, hearing, and smell.
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irony
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Irony can be described as the difference between what is said and what is meant, or what we expect to happen and what actually happens. Sarcasm is a kind of irony, where the words said are not really what is meant
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kinetic poetry
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Kinetic poetry is poetry that moves in some way. Poems that rely on computer scripts or the movement of text on a screen are referred to as "kinetic."
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metaphor
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Metaphor is a direct comparison. It is a figure of speech in which like and unlike things are brought together as if they were one. For example:
His words were a knife that cut me deeply. Anger is a caged beast. |
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metonymy
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Metonymy refers to substituting a characteristic of a thing for the thing itself. For example, "The wings of the ship sped it upon its way." (Here "wings" stands for sails because the sails act like wings for the ship as it moves over the water
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metred
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Metred verse refers to poetry with a deliberate rhythmic structure created by the number and order of stressed and unstressed syllables in the lines.
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mnemonic
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"Mnemonic" refers to a device to help the user recall information. In poetry, rhyme acts as a mnemonic device.
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near rhyme
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Near rhyme refers to words such as killed and cold that almost rhyme. Their end consonant is the same sound, but one sound - in this case their vowel sound - is different
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onomatopoeia
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Onomatopoeia is a type of figurative language where the writer uses words whose pronunciation imitates the sound the word describes. The word "spit" sounds rather like the act of spitting.
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oral literature
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Oral literature is a spoken story that has been committed to print. The printed form of a story is considered to have become static, and is no longer exclusively oral in character.
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oxymoron
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An oxymoron is a figure of speech in which words in a phrase, often an adjective and a noun, are seemingly contradictory.
jumbo shrimp or burning cold |
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paradox
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A paradox is a statement that first appears to be contradictory but actually states a truth.
"History teaches us that we learn nothing from history." |
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parallelism
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"Parallelism" refers to the effective use of words, phrases, sentences, or ideas that are parallel or have a similar structure in order to heighten the focus.
Have you ever thought of what it is like to fly, to hope, to dream? |
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perfect rhyme
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Perfect rhyme, sometimes called exact rhyme, refers to two words that share the same sound in their last syllable, as well as the same vowel sound, such as tide/ride. They don't need to share the same spelling of their end sounds - so words such as my/die are also perfect rhyme
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personification
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Personification is a type of figurative language where the writer gives an inanimate or nonliving thing human characteristics.
The tree branches waved and the leaves laughed |
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prose
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Prose is ordinary language that is not set to a rhythm or rhyme. Prose is the form of language found in novels, plays, stories. You are reading prose right now
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refrain
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The refrain is the line or lines that are repeated in poetry or music. In songs, we commonly refer to the refrain as the chorus.
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rhyme
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Rhyme is the repetition of similar sounds at the end of two or more lines of poetry.
I think that now is the time / For you to understand rhyme. |
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rhyme scheme
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Rhyme scheme is the pattern of rhymed words at the end of the lines of a poem. Each new rhyme sound is assigned a letter from the alphabet beginning with "a." This poem has an abcb rhyme scheme.
Roses are red a Violets are blue b Sugar is sweet c And so are you b |
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rhymed
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Poetry that includes rhymes, whether perfect or near rhymes, can be called rhymed poetry.
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rhythm
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Think of rhythm as the music or beat of a poem. Often poems have a rhythm or beat that is consistent throughout the poem
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simile
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An outright comparison using "like," "as," or "as if." For example:
The raindrops sparkled like diamonds on the window pane. My soul is like a soaring swift. |
