Engineering

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assess

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to throughly and methodically analyze accomplishment against specific goals and criteria

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assessment

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evaluation technique for technology that requires analyzing benefits and risks, understanding the trade-offs, and then determining the best action to take in order to ensure that the desired positive outcomes outweigh the negative consequences.

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brainstorm

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group technique for solving problems, generating ideas

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client

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a person using the services of a professional person or organization

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creativity

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ability to make or bring a new concept or idea into existence

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criteria

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a standard rule, or test by which something can be judged

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constraint

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a limit to a design process. 2. a limitation or restriction

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design

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iterative decision-making process that produces plans by which resources are converted into products or system that meet human needs and wants or sold problems. 2. a plan or drawing. 3. decorative pattern

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design brief

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a written plan that identifies a problem to be solved.

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design progress

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a systematic problem-solving strategy,

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designer statement

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A part of a design brief that challenges the designer, describes what a design solution should do without describing how to solve the problem, and identifies the degree to which the solution must be executed.

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designer

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A person who designs any of a variety of things. This usually implies the task of creating drawings or in some ways uses visual cues to organize his or her work.

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engineer

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A person who is trained in and uses technological and scientific knowledge to solve practical problems.

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egineering notebook

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A book in which an engineer will formally document, in chronological order, all of his/her work that is associated with a specific design project.

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innovation

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An improvement of an existing technological product, system, or method of doing something.

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invention

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A new product, system, or process that has never existed before, created by study and experimentation.

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iterative

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A process that repeats a series of steps over and over until the desired outcome is obtained.

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pilling-on

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An idea that produces a similar idea or an enhanced idea.

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problem indentifiction

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The recognition of an unwelcome or harmful matter needing to be dealt with

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product

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A tangible artifact produced by means of either human or mechanical work, or by biological or chemical process.

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prototype

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A full-scale working model used to test a design concept by making actual observations and necessary adjustments.

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research

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The systematic study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions.

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cabinet pictorial

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Oblique pictorial where depth is represented as half scale compared to the height and width scale.

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cavalier pictorical

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Oblique pictorial where height, width, and depth are represented at full scale.

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center line

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A line which defines the center of arcs, circles, or symmetrical parts.

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construction line

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lightly drawn lines to guide drawing other lines and shapes.

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depth

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The measurement associated with an object’s front-to-back dimension or extent of something from side to side.

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dimension

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A measurable extent, such as the three principal dimensions of an object is width, height, and depth.

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dimension line

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A line which represents distance.

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documentation

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The documents that are required for something or that give evidence or proof of something. 2. Drawings or printed information that contain instructions for assembling, installing, operating, and servicing.

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drawing

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A formal graphical representation of an object containing information based on the drawing type.

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edge

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The line along which two surfaces of a solid meet.

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ellipse

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A regular oval shape, traced by a point moving in a plane so that the sum of its distances from two other points is constant, or resulting when a cone is cut by an oblique plane which does not intersect the base.

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extension line

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Line which represents where a dimension starts and stops.

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freehand

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Sketching which is done manually without the aid of instruments such as rulers.

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grid

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A network of lines that cross each other to form a series of squares or rectangles.

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height

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The measurement associated with an object’s top-to-bottom dimension.

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hidden line

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A line type that represents an edge that is not directly visible.

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isometric sketch

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A form of pictorial sketch in which all three drawing axes form equal angles of 120 degrees with the plane of projection.

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leader line

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Line which indicates dimensions of arcs, circles and detail.

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line

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1. A long thin mark on a surface. 2. A continuous extent of length, straight or curved, without breadth or thickness; the trace of a moving point. 3. Long, narrow mark or band.

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line conventions

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Standardization of lines used on technical drawings by line weight and style.

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line weight

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Also called line width. The thickness of a line, characterized as thick or thin.

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ling-break line

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A line which indicates that a very long objects with uniform detail is drawn foreshortened.

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manufacture

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To make something, especially on a large scale using machinery.

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measurement

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The process of using dimensions, quantity, or capacity by comparison with a standard in order to mark off, apportion, lay out, or establish dimensions.

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multi view drawing

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A drawing which contains views of an object projected onto two or more orthographic planes.

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objected line

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A heavy solid line used on a drawing to represent the outline of an object.

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oblique sketch

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A form of pictorial in which an object is represented as true width and height, but the depth can be any size and drawn at any angle.

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othographic projection

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A method of representing three-dimensional objects on a plane having only length and breadth. Also referred to as Right Angle Projection.

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perspective sketch

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A form of pictorial sketch in which vanishing points are used to provide the depth and distortion that is seen with the human eye.

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pictorial sketch

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A sketch that shows an object’s height, width, and depth in a single view.

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plane

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A flat surface on which a straight line joining any two points would wholly lie.

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point

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A location in space.

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profile

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An outline of an object when viewed from one side.

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projected line

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An imaginary line that is used to locate or project the corners, edges, and features of a three-dimensional object onto an imaginary two-dimensional surface.

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projected plane

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An imaginary surface between the object and the observer on which the view of the object is projected and drawn.

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proportion

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1. The relationship of one thing to another in size, amount, etc. 2. Size or weight relationships among structures or among elements in a single structure.

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scale

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1. A straight-edged strip of rigid material marked at regular intervals that is used to measure distances. 2. A proportion between two sets of dimensions used to develop accurate, larger or smaller prototypes, or models.

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section lines

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Thin lines used in a section view to indicate where the cutting plane line has cut through material.

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shading

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The representation of light and shade on a sketch or map.

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short break line

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Line which shows where part is broken to reveal detail behind the part or to shorten a long continuous part.

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shape

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A two-dimensional contour that characterizes an object or area, in contrast to three-dimensional form.

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sketch

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A rough representation of the main features of an object or scene and often made as a preliminary study.

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solid

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A three-dimensional body or geometric figure.

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technical working drawing

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A drawing that is used to show the material, size, and shape of a product for manufacturing purposes.

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three- dimensional

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Having the dimensions of height, width, and depth.

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tone

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The general effect of color or of light and shade in a picture.

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two dimensional

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Having the dimensions of height and width, height and depth, or width and depth only.

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vanishing point

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A vanishing point is a point in space, usually located on the horizon, where parallel edges of an object appear to converge.

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view

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Colloquial term for views of an object projected onto two or more orthographic planes in a multi-view drawing.

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width

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The measurement associated with an object’s side-to-side dimension.

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accuracy

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The degree of closeness of measurements of a quantity to the actual (or accepted) value.

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arrowheads

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Arrowheads are used to indicate the end of a dimension line or leader.

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caliper

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A measuring instrument having two adjustable jaws typically used to measure diameter or thickness.

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class interval

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A group of values that is used to analyze the distribution of data.

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convert

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To change money, stocks, or units in which a quantity is expressed into others of a different kind.

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data

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Facts and statistics used for reference or analysis.

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data set

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A group of individual values or bits of information that are related in some way or have some common characteristic or attribute.

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dimmension

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A measurable extent, such as the three principal dimensions of an object as in width, height, and depth.