Energy, Chemical Reactions, And Chemical Equations

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Chemical Reaction

Back 1

Well-defined example of chemical change; 1/more substances change to new ones

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Reactants

Back 2

Substances about to react (left side of chemical equation)

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Products

Back 3

News substances produced (right side of equation)

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Antoine Lavoisier

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French chemist who performed experiments realting to the law of conservation of mass

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Law of Conservation of Mass

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In a chemical reaction, matter isn't created or destroyed, but conserved (starting mass=final mass)

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Balanced Chemical Equation

Back 6

An expression that describes chemical reactions using chemical formulas and symbols with equal #s of atoms of each element of both sides

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Coefficients

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#s representing relative amounts of substances taking part in a reaction

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Synthesis Reactions

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2/more simpler substances combine to form another more complex compound (2 reactants & 1 product)

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Decomposition Reactions

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1 substance breaks down/decomposes into 2/more simpler substances (1 reactant & 2/more products); Most endothermic

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Single Displacement Reactions

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1 element replaces another in a compound

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Double Displacement Reactions

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A positive ion of 1 compound replaces the positive ion of another (all compounds)

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Precipitate

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Insoluble compound formed during double displacement reactions

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Exothermic Reactions

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Form of energy is given off by the reaction

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Endothermic Reaactions

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Energy is needed for the reaction to occur

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Catalyst

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Substance that speeds up a chemical reaction w/o permanently changing itself

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Inhibitors

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Substances used to combine w/ 1 of the reactants to prevent certain reactions

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Signs of a Chemical Reaction

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Fizzing (formation of gas), Precipitate forms (solid forms when 2 solutions mixed), Color change, Release/absorbtion of energy (heat, light, electricity)

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Factors of the Rates of Chemical Reactions

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Temperature, concentration, surface area (higher ", higher rate), catalysts & inhibitors