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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the ability to do work
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energy
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what is the first law of thermodynamics
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energy cannot be created nor distroyed
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Entropy
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what is disorder
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second law of thermodynamics
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entropy is always increasing
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what are the 5 forms of energy
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heat, chemical, light electrical and mechanical
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what is free energy
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the energy avaliable for work
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enthalpy
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stored energy in chemical bonds
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what is the relationship between free energy and enthalpy
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DG = DH - TDS
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Endergonic
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a reaction that requires an input of energy
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delta G is positive
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what is an endergonic reaction
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delta G negative
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what is an exergonic reaction
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what does an exergonic reaction do
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fuels and endergonic reaction
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what are the substances that go into an chemical reaction
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reactants
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what are the resulting compounds after a chemical reaction
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product
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ATP
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adenosine triphosphate, the energy currency of a cell
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what kind of molecule is ATP
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neucleotide
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What is responsible for the high energy stored between phosphates in a phosphate bond?
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The highly negatively charged phosphates repel each other
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Activation energy
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the extra energy needed to get a reaction started
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what does activation energy do
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destabilizes existing chemical bonds
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what reactions proceed more slowely
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reactions with higher activation energy
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catalysis
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a substance that lowers activation energy
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By bringing 2 substrates together in the correct orientation or by stressing particular chemical bonds of a substrate
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how do enzymes lower activation energy
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what is a biological catalysis
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an enzyme
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what are enzymes made of
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protein or enzyme
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What is the name for several enzymes, catalyzing different steps in a biochemical pathway, that are physically associated with each other?
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Multi-enzyme complexes
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What is an enzyme inhibitor that binds to a site other than the active site?
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noncompetative enzyme
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What is it called when the endproduct of a pathway inhibits an early enzyme in that biochemical pathway?
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feedback inhibition
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