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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Do sorbitol and other sugar alcohols contribe some calories?
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Yes
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What is an adverse affect of sorbital and other sugar alcohols?
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Can also cause severe diarrhea.
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What are 2 examples of sorbital/sugar alcohols?
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Mallitol and Zylotal.
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With regards to central adiposity, an adult male with a waist over what # should be concerned?
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40 inches
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With regards to central adiposity, an adult female with a waist over what # should be concerned?
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35 inches
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What herbal supplement interferes with the action of HTN medications?
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ginseng
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What portion size of poultry, meat should a person be able to have?
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The whole palm of your hand is roughly an appropriate serving size of poultry or meat (without the skin if possible)
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What on your hand is equivalent to a teaspoon?
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The top segment of your thumb.
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What approximately equals a cup?
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A closed fist.
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How many vegetables should a patient be having?
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At least a cup (closed fist) of vegetables in a serving.
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What vitamins are preferred?
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Multivitamins are always preferred and make sure they do not have more than twixe the recommended dietary allowance.
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How can a male's body weight be quickly estimated?
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106 lb for first 5 ft + 6 lbs for every inch (male)
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How can a female's body weight be quickly estimated?
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100 lb for first 5 ft + 5 lbs for every inch (female).
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Most people do well on a ___kcal/kg diet.
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30-35 kcal/kg
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What is the Idaho Plate Method?
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A tool for dietary counseling on what you should be eating at meals.
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According to the Idaho Plate Method, what food should a plate contain?
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1/2 the plate should consist of vegetables, a fourth should consist of bread/starch/grain and a fourth should contain meat/protein. Should have some fruit and dairy if possible.
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What does the following describe: Half plate meat/protein, small amt. of vegetables (if any), and the rest of the plate containing bread/starch/grain. Instead of fruit and diary, it is replaced by soda and dessert.
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Average American diet
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In Type II Diabetic children, what must the physician remember?
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Even if they are overweight, remember they are growing children. They still need adequate calories.
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What type of hormone is insulin, catabolic/anabolic?
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Anabolic hormone.
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Adjusting your insulin and eating more could mean what in Type I Diabetes?
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Someone might put on more weight.
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What is one problem that we are seeing more with Type I individuals?
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Obesity-->they can eventually develop insulin resistance.
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What is the main concern in Type II Diabetics?
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Insulin resistance.
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In type II diabetics, what may potentially reduce insulin resistance in conjunction with physical activity?
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Any kind of weight loss, even 5 lbs.
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During pregnancy, there is an increase in counter regulatory hormones, what could this cause?
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Chance of blood sugar being abnormally high maybe even greater.
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Normally, what percentage of total calories do we want from carbs? What percentage of total calories do we want from in a pregnant female?
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Normal: 55-60% of total calories come from carbs.
Pregnancy: 45% of total caloreis from carbs. |
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Once a patient goes into renal failure and they need to have hemodialysis, is it easier to control blood sugar?
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Yes, it is easier to control blood sugar but it becomes more of a priority to worry about the other things that may be abnormal in the patient.
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What is delayed gastric emptying also known as?
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Gastroparesis
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What recommendation regarding insulin dosage should be made for a patient suffering from gastroparesis?
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Would recommend that the patient take their insulin closer to the time they eat or immediately after eating.
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-Heartburn, nausea, vomiting, complaints of weight-loss, bloating, and malabsorption of nutrients-->All of these symptoms are correlated with what abnormality?
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Gastroparesis
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What are the food implications for an individual suffering from gastroparesis?
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-Small meals, liquid meals
-Avoid high fat and high fiber foods -->will aggrevate the symptoms -->cauliflower and broccoli can have negative effects -Sometimes a feeding tube is warranted, in very extremem cases |
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When giving a patient parenteral nutrition, how many kcal of nutrtients do we want to give per mL?
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Usually don't want to give more than 1 kcal per mL.
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When using parenteral nutrition, what type of feeding should be done over the course of a day?
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Do continuous drip-feeding, very slowly over the course of the day.
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If a patient is experiencing hypoglycemia, what is the rule that is to be used?
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15/15 rule-->give 15 g of glucose and wait 15 minutes and check the blood sugar again.
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When treating a hypoglycemia patient, what choice of foods should be used?
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Things that are not mixed, like organe juice, pop, plain simple sugar water, works a lot faster.
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15-20 g of carbs can usually raise the blood sugar by how much in what time frame?
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30 mg within 30 minutes.
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When someone is on a clear liquid diet, they must be given what?
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It is important that you try and give them something with carbs, even if it has sugar in it.
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For a pateint on a clear liquid diet, how many carbs are recommended every 3-4 hours?
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30-40 grams of carbs
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For a patient on a clear liquid diet, how many grams of carbs are recommended every 24-hour period.
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200 grams of carbs over a 24-hour period
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What drug has been effective in delaying or retarding the progression or onset of diabetes--In a pre-diabetic patient or in a patient with metabolic syndrome?
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Metformin.
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What does anthropometrics status refer to?
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Height, weight, waist circumference
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