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3 Cards in this Set
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What is T2DM? |
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus There are two problems. Firstly is to do with insulin release. There is no first phase insulin release (the immediate spike), there is only the secondary insulin release (resulting in a slower increasing in insulin). This insulin production is enough to prevent ketogenesis. The main problem is to do with insulin resistance however! This is NOT a problem with the insulin receptor, but rather a problem in the pathways the receptor is linked to. The receptor is linked to the metabolic (PI3K-Akt) pathway and the mitogenic (MAPK) pathway. Insulin resistance lies within the metabolic pathway! Because in insulin resistance, you have compensatory hyperinsulinaemia as your body attempts to stimulate the metabolic pathway more, you inadvertently overstimualte the mitogenic pathway (MAPK) which leads to the symptoms such as dyslipidaemia, smooth muscle hypertrophy. |
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What are the key differences between aldosterone and cortisol in terms of production, transport, release, effects, control etc? |
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