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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Amine |
Short half life Pulsatile Act on cell surface receptor Often act via secondary messanger E.g. catecholamines, seretonin. Thyroxine |
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Steroid |
E.g. cortisol, aldosterone, androgens, oestrogens, progesterone, vit D Longer half life (hours) Intracellular action Act on DNA |
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Peptide |
E.g. everyging else. Chain of a.a. Short half life Pulsatile Cell surface Secondary messangers |
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Thyroxine |
Amine but behaves like a steroid. |
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cAMP |
G-protein . Adrenaline Pituitary hormones except GH & PRL Glucagon Somatostatin |
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Via Calcium |
GnRH TRH Adrenaline alpha receptors |
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Tyrosine kinases |
Insulin GH PRL Growth factors (IGF and EGF) |
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G protein mutations |
Acromegaly (40%) mutation in pituitary tumour. Cells always on. McCune Albright - embryonic Vs activation. Endocrine hyperfunction resulting in precocious puberty, acromegaly, Cushing syndrome, thyrotoxicosis or htperparathyroidism. Pseudohyperparatgyroidism - Vs inactivation. |
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Calcium as an intracellular messanger. |
Hormones activate Gq proteins leading to cytoplasmic enzyme phospholipase C releasing IP3 which binds to the ER and the release of Calcium. Calcium binds to calmodulin resulting in modifications to cell metabolism. |
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Tyrosine kinases |
Lead to phosphorylation of proteins and modulation of gene transcription. |
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Intracellular acting hormones |
Steroids, vit D and thyroxine. Results in transcription of a large number of genes. |
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Hormone changes in stress response |
TSH, t4/t3, LH, FSH, testosterone, oestrogen, insulin all fall GH, ACTH, glucocorticoids, adrenaline, glucagon, prolactin increase |
