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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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acidosis
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condition by abnormal accumulation of acid products of metabolism, seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
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addison disease
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chronic syndrome from a deficiency in the secretion of the adrenal cortex. symptoms may include weakness, darkening of skin, loss of appetite, depression, and other emotional problems
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cretinism
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condition caused by congenital absence or atrophy of the thyroid gland. resulting in hypothyroidism. the disease is characterized by puffy features, mental deficiency, large tongue, and dwarfism
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cushing syndrome
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Symptoms with excessive production of cortisol by the adrenal cortices by a pituitary tumor. Symptoms include abnormally pigmented skin, "moon face", pads of fat on the chest and abdomen, "buffalo hump" and wasting away of muscle
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diabetes insipidus (DI)
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result of decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland. symptoms include excessive thirst (polydipsia) and large amounts of urine (polyuria) and sodium being excreted from the body
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dibetes mellitus (DM)
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chronic disease involving a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism. diabetes mellitus is caused by underactivity of the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, which results in insufficient production of insulin. when the disease is untreated, the patient may develop ketosis, acidosis, and finally coma
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gigantism
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condition brought about by overproduction of growth hormone by the pituitary gland before puberty
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goiter
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enlargement of the thyroid gland
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Graves disease
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a disorder of the thyroid gland characterized by the presence of hyperthyroidism, goiter, and exophthalmos
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ketosis
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condition resulting from uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, in which the body has abnormal concentration of ketone bodies (compounds that are a normal product of fat metabolism)
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myxedema
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condition from deficiency of the thyroid hormone thyroxine. a severe form of hypothyroidism in an adult. symptoms include puffiness of the face and hands, coarse and thickened skin, enlarged tongue, slow speech and anemia
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tetany
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condition affecting nerves causing muscle spasms as a result of low amounts of calcium in the blood caused by a deficiency of the parathyroid hormone
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thyrotoxicosis
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a condition caused by excessive thyroid hormones
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yoga
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practice of physical posture, breathing exercises, and meditation.
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radioactive iodine uptake test (RAIU)
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a nuclear medicine scan that measures thyroid function. radioactive iodine is given to the patient orally, after which its uptake into the thyroid gland is measured.
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thyroid scan
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a nuclear medicine test that shows the size, shape and position of the thyroid gland. the patient is given a radioactive substance to visualize the thyroid gland. an image is recorded as the scanner is passed over the neck area. used to detect tumors and nodules.
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fasting blood sugar (FBS)
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a blood test to determine the amount of glucose (sugar) in the blood after fasting for 8 to 10 hrs. elevation indicates diabetes mellitus.
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thyroid-stimulating hormone level (TSH) (thyrotropin)
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a blood test that measures the amount of thyroid-stimulating hormone in the blood. used to diagnose hyperthyroidism and to monitor patients on thyroid replacement therapy.
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thyroxine level (T4)
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a blood study that gives the direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the patient's blood. a greater-than-normal amount indicates hyperthyroidism; a less-than-normal amount indicates hypothyroidism
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exophthalamos
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abnormal protrusion of the eyeball
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hormone
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a chemical substance secreted by an endocrine gland that is carried in the blood to a target tissue
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isthmus
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narrow strip of tissue connecting two large parts in the body, such as the ishtmus that connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland
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metabolism
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sum total of all the chemical processes that take place in a living organism
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DI
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diabetes insipidus
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DM
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diabetes mellitus
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FBS
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fasting blood sugar
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RAIU
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radioactive iodine uptake
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T4
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thyroxine level
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