Endocrine System Lecture 2

Front 1

3 Steps of signal transduction pathway

Back 1

Reception

Transduction

Response

Front 2

Signal transduction has _____ steps

Back 2

many

Front 3

How much of hormones is required?

Back 3

Very Small amount

Front 4

In signaling, what do peptides activate?

Back 4

G-protein linked receptors

Front 5

3 examples of 2nd messengers

Back 5

DAG

IP3

Ca2+

Front 6

_____ determines the response, not the hormone

Back 6

receptor

Front 7

The _____ pituitary gland is the true endocrine gland. What kind of tissue is in it's origin?

Back 7

Anterior

Endothelium

Front 8

The _____ pituitary gland is a false gland. Its neurons release the hormone into the ____, specifically the _____ cells.

Back 8

posterior

blood

neuroendocrine

Front 9

What 2 hormones does the posterior pituitary gland release?

Back 9

Oxytocin

ADH

Front 10

4 functions of oxytocin

Back 10

lactation

labor contractions

SMC contractions in prostate and vas deferens

emotional bonding

Front 11

Function of ADH

Back 11

^ H2O retention at kidney collecting duct

Front 12

Hormones secreted by the _____ travel in the portal system to the _____ _____

Back 12

hypothalamus

anterior pituitary

Front 13

Hormones from the ant. pit. are under control of hormones from the

Back 13

hypothalamus

Front 14

5 AP Hormones

Back 14

FSH

LH

TSH

ACTH

Front 15

Gonadotropin Releasing hormone controls what two hormones?

Back 15

FSH

LH

Front 16

TRH controls

Back 16

TSH

Front 17

CRH controls

Back 17

ACTH

Front 18

PRF controls

Back 18

PRL

Front 19

PIF is also known as _____ and controls

Back 19

dopamine

PRL

Front 20

GHRH and GHIH control

Back 20

GH

Front 21

TRH

Back 21

Thyrotropin releasing hormone

Front 22

CRH

Back 22

Corticotropin Releasing Hormone

Front 23

PRF

Back 23

Prolactin Releasing Factor

Front 24

PIF

Back 24

Prolactin inhibiting factor

Front 25

GHRH

Back 25

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone

Front 26

GHIH

Back 26

Growth Hormone Inhibiting Hormone

Front 27

FSH

Back 27

Follicle Stimulating hormone

Front 28

LH

Back 28

Luteinizing Hormone

Front 29

TSH

2 names

Back 29

Thyrotropin

Thyroid stimulating hormone

Front 30

ACTH

Back 30

Adrenocorticotropic hormone

Front 31

PRL

Back 31

Prolactin

Front 32

GH

Back 32

Growth hormone

Front 33

PRL acts on the _____ gland

Back 33

mammary

Front 34

TSH acts on the _____

Back 34

thyroid

Front 35

LH and FSH act on the _____ and ____

Back 35

testis

ovaries

Front 36

ACTH acts on the

Back 36

adrenal cortex

Front 37

GH acts on the

Back 37

Liver

Front 38

PRL in Females?

Males?

Back 38

Milk Synthesis

^ testosterone secretion

Front 39

FSH

Females

Males

Back 39

development of eggs and follicles in ovaries

sperm production in testes

Front 40

LH

Females? (2)

Males?

Back 40

ovulation, corpus luteum to secrete progesterone

interstitial cells of testes produce testosterone

Front 41

ACTH Regulates response to ______ and the secretion of _____

Back 41

stress

glucocortids

Front 42

Endorphins function

Back 42

inhibit pain receptors

Front 43

______ has a smilar structure to endorphins

Back 43

morphine

Front 44

MSH function

Back 44

causes melanocytes to produce melanin pigment

Front 45

GH stimulates the _______ to produce ______, these effect _____ and ____ ____

Back 45

liver

somatomedins

muscles

bone growth

Front 46

TSH functions (2)

Back 46

stimulate thyroid gland to release T3 and T4

^ metabolic rate in all cells except gonads and brain

Front 47

Thyroid follicles secrete ______ and ______. At the target tissue, _____ is converted to _____. This increases the ________ rate, ______ consumption, _____ production, ____ rate, ______ strength and _______ rate.

Back 47

T3 and T4

T4 to T3

heart

oxygen

heat

metabolic

contracton

respiratory

Front 48

In the short negative feedback loop, accumulation of AP hormones causes

Back 48

a decrease in the release of hypothalamus hormones

Front 49

In the long negative feedback loop, the accumulation of AP hormones at the target causes a decrease in release at what two locations?

Back 49

hypothalamus

AP

Front 50

Hyperthyroidism is due to a(n) _____ in TH.

^^^ _______ and _______

sensitive to _____

Weight gain or loss?

Back 50

Increase

appetite and temperature

heat

weight loss

Front 51

Hypothyroidism is due to a(n) _____ in TH.

_____ metabolic rate

Sensitive to ____

Weight gain or loss?

Back 51

decrease

low

cold

gain

Front 52

Endemic goiter is an ______ deficiency. This means that there is no _____ _____ and no ____ _____, therefore there is an increase in _____

Back 52

iodine

thyroid hormone

neg. feedback

TSH

Front 53

In Toxic goiter, also known as _____ ____, antibodies mimic ____, therefore there is an increase in ____.

Back 53

Graves disease

TSH

TH