Endocrine System Lecture 1

Front 1

Cells in the body communicate by what two mechanisms?

Back 1

Nerves and Hormones

Front 2

4 types of close (local) signaling

Back 2

paracrine

autocrine

gap junctions

synaptic

Front 3

Trace the path of a hormone from its start to its target tissue. (6 steps)

Back 3

Capillary of gland

Venule

Vein

Artery

Arteriole

Capillary of target tissue

Front 4

How many cells in the body are exposed to a hormone?

Back 4

All

Front 5

Why would a cell respond to a hormone?

Back 5

It has that hormone's receptor

Front 6

4 steps of the hormone effect

Back 6

Synthesize

Storage/Release

Transport

Target Regulation

Front 7

Peptides

Philic or phobic?

Back 7

Philic

Front 8

Starting molecule of peptides

Back 8

pre-pro hormone

Front 9

Cells that synthesize peptides contain many

Back 9

Rough ER

Front 10

Peptide binding and activation

Back 10

Bind to PM, activate 2nd Mess. System

Front 11

Effects of peptides are ____ and ____-______

Back 11

rapid

short-lived

Front 12

What do peptides do?

Back 12

Alter existing proteins

Front 13

Steroids - Philic or phobic?

Back 13

Phobic

Front 14

Starting molecule of steroids

Back 14

cholesterol

Front 15

Cells that synthesize steroids contain many

Back 15

SER

Front 16

How are steroids transported in the blood?

Back 16

Bound to protein (Albumin)

Front 17

Where is the receptor for steroids? Where does it go next?

Back 17

Cytoplasm

Nucleus

Front 18

Function of steroids

Back 18

interact w/ DNA, alter transcription

Front 19

The effects of steroids are ____ and ____-_____ because they

Back 19

slow

long-lasting

make new proteins

Front 20

2 Types of Amines

Back 20

Thyroid Hormone

Catecholamines

Front 21

Phobic or Philic?

Thyroid hormone

Back 21

phobic

Front 22

Phobic or Philic?

Catecholamines

Back 22

Philic

Front 23

Starting molecule for both amines

Back 23

Tyrosine

Front 24

Thyroid hormone acts in the same manner as

Back 24

Steroids

Front 25

Catecholamines act in the same manner as

Back 25

peptides

Front 26

Synthesis of TH

Tyrosine + _____ = ______...+ ______ = _______

Then...

______+_____ = T___

______+_____ = T___

Back 26

iodine

MIT

Iodine

DIT

DIT+MIT = T3

DIT+DIT = T4

Front 27

____% of TH is T4, which is _____

Back 27

95

inactive

Front 28

____% of TH is T3, which is ____

Back 28

5%

Active

Front 29

TH requires ____ _____ ____ to travel in the blood

Back 29

Thyroid Binding Globulin

Front 30

Synthesis of catecholamines

Tyrosine -> ______ -> ______ -> _____ -> _____

Which are active?

Back 30

DOPA

Dopamine

NE

Epi

The last 3

Front 31

Catecholamine transport in blood?

Back 31

Free

Front 32

2 Types of Arachidonic Acid based hormones

Back 32

Leukotrienes

Prostaglandins

Front 33

The process of going from fatty acid to arachidonic acid can be blocked by what two things?

Back 33

Cortisol

SAIDs

Front 34

The enzyme required to go from AA to Leukotriene is

Back 34

Lipoxygenase

Front 35

Leukotrienes are associated with _____ and _____

Back 35

allergies

inflammation

Front 36

The enzyme required to go from AA to Prostaglandin is

Back 36

cyclooxygenase

Front 37

Cyclooxygenase can be blocked by ______ also known as cox inhibitors

Back 37

NSAIDs

Front 38

Prostaglandins are associated with what three things?

Back 38

Pain

Fever

Anticoagulation

Front 39

AA based hormones have a ______ effect

Back 39

paracrine