Endocrine System/hormones

Front 1

Growth Hormone (pituitary)

Back 1

Forces growth of bones, muscles, and metabolism

Front 2

Thymosin (Thymus)

Back 2

Forces the body to develop a special group of white blood cells and the immune response

Front 3

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (Pituitary-Anterior)

Back 3

Stimulates production of ova and sperm

Front 4

Luteinizing Hormone (Pituitary)

Back 4

Forcing testicles to produce sperm and ovaries to release eggs

Front 5

Prolactin (Pituitary-Anterior)

Back 5

Forcing the production of milk in pregnant women

Front 6

Oxytocin (Pituitary)

Back 6

Forcing uterus to contract and the milk "let down reflex"

Front 7

Antidiuretic (Pituitary)

Back 7

Forcing the kidneys to absorb more water from forming urine, decreasing urine production

Front 8

Calcitonin (Thyroid)

Back 8

Decreases blood calcium levels by causing calcium to be deposited in the bones

Front 9

Parathyroid Hormone

Back 9

Breaks down bone matrix by stimulating osteoclasts causing bone matrix to releases calcium ions

Front 10

Glucocorticoids (Adrenal Cortex)

Back 10

Increasing blood glucose levels, aiding the body to resist long-term stressors and promoting a normal cell metabolism

Front 11

Epinephrine (Adrenal Medulla)

Back 11

Enhancing and prolonging the effects of neurotransmitters of the sympathetic nervous system through adrenaline

Front 12

Glucagon (Pancreas)

Back 12

Forces blood glucose to rise

Front 13

Insulin (Pancreas)

Back 13

Reducing blodd glucose

Front 14

Estrogen and Progesterone (Ovaries)

Back 14

The estrogen forces the progesterone to give women their monthly period

Front 15

Testosterone (Testes)

Back 15

Forcing growth of reproductive system organs

Front 16

Melatonin (Pineal)

Back 16

Forcing you to sleep at night

Front 17

Hormonal Stimuli

Back 17

Other hormones will stimulate release

Front 18

Humoral Stimuli

Back 18

Change in the concentrations of various ions and nutrients in the blood stimulate release

Front 19

Neural Stimuli

Back 19

Signal from a nerve fiber will cause a release

Front 20

Diabetes Mellitus

Back 20

Lack of insulin causes glucose to spill into the urine which is released from the body along with large amounts of water causing dehydration

Front 21

Type 1 Diabetes (Juvenile)

Back 21

The body makes no insulin

Front 22

Type 2 Diabetes

Back 22

Produces insulin, but insulin receptors don't respond. (poor diet)

Front 23

Pituitary Dwarfism

Back 23

Body proportions are normal but the person as a whole is of short stature because hypo secretion of growth hormone

Front 24

Gigantism

Back 24

Body proportions are normal but person is extremely tall due to a hyper secretion of growth hormone

Front 25

Acromegaly

Back 25

Hyper secretion of growth hormone continues after long bone growth has ended causing various appendages to enlarge

Front 26

Goiter

Back 26

Enlargement of the thyroid gland when a persons diet is lacking iodine

Front 27

Grave's Disease

Back 27

Hyperthyroidism caused by an extreme over production of thyroxide

Front 28

Hormone

Back 28

Chemical substance secreted by endocrine cells into the extracellular fluids that regulate the activity of target cells

Front 29

Role of Hormone

Back 29

Coordinates and regulates the activities of the body's cells through the production of hormones

Front 30

Direct Gene Activation

Back 30

Hormones are able to diffuse through the cell and nuclear membranes in order to bind to a receptor

Front 31

Second Messenger

Back 31

These hormones can't directly enter the cell so they bind to receptors on the cell's surface