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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Subnormal thyroid gland activity that can lead to cretinism (physical stunting and mental retardation) if present at birth.
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Hypothyroidism
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Overactivity of the thyroid gland that causes rapid heartbeat, sweating, tremors, weight loss, and anxiety.
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Hyperthyroidism
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Swollen neck due to an enlarged thyroid gland.
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Goiter
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Enlargement of the thyroid gland accompanied by protusion of the eyeballs from their orbits.
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Exophthalmic Goiter
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Syndrome due to excess corticosteroid hormone causing weight gain, excess body hair, and high blood pressure.
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Cushing's Disease
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Acute inflammation of vermiform (worm-shaped) appendix.
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Appendicitis
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Condition marked by weakness, low blood pressure and dark pigmentation due to inadequate hormone secretion by adrenal glands.
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Addison's Disease
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Pus-discharing inflammation of the tonsils
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Quinsy
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Relating to the spleen the largest endocrine gland.
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Splenic
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Inflammation of the tonsils due to bacterial or viral infection, causing sore throat and fever.
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Tonsillitis
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A pea-sized structure that secretes many important hormones, located behind the hypothalamus.
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Pituitary Gland
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A gland that secretes through a duct (ex. salivary gland)
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Exocrine Gland
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Ductless organ that synthesizes hormones and releases them directly into the bloodstream.
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Endocrine Gland
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All ductless glands in the body
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Endocrine System
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A hormone secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland, which causes the retention of sodium and the secretion of potassium.
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Aldosterone
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Polypeptide secreted by anterior pituitary that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol.
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Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
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Hormone secreted by the adrenal gland, which produces the "fight-or-flight" response. Also called 'epinephrine'
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Adrenaline
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Peptide hormone synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary, causing retention of more water in body.
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ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)
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A protein hormone of the pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortex.
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ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic Hormone)
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Steroid molecules in bile that promote solubilization and digestion of fats.
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Bile Salts
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Peptide hormone secreted by the thyroid that reduces excess of calcium in the blood by depositing it in bone.
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Calcitonin
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A peptide hormone secreted by the small intestine.
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Cholecystokinin (CCK)
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A group of hormones produced by the adrenal glands that control the body's use of nutrients and the excretion of salts and water in the urine.
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Corticosteroid Hormones
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A steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that regulates organic metabolism by converting fats and proteins to glucose.
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Cortisol
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Corticotropin-releasing hormone
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CRH
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Plant hormone that promotes cell division.
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Cytokinin
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A catecholamine neurotransmitter, precursor of epinephrine and norepinephrine
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Dopamine
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Neurotransmitter that exhibits painkilling activity.
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Endorphin
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Hormone released by the adrenal medulla that elevates blood sugar and initiates the fight-or-flight response; adrenaline.
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Epinephrine
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Hormone secreted mainly by the kidneys that stimulates erythrocyte production.
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Erythropoeitin
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Any of several steroid hormones produced chiefly by the ovaries and responsible for promoting estrus and the development and maintenance of female secondary sex characteristics.
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Estrogen
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Digestive system hormone that stimulates hydrochloric acid release by stomach and secretion of digestive enzyme by pancreas.
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Gastrin
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Pancreatic hormone that increases blood glucose levels.
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Glucagon
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Adrenal cortex hormone that affects salt and water metabolism and stimulates conversion of noncarbohydrates to carbohydrates.
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Glucocorticoid
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A hormone that promotes gonad (sex gland) growth and function.
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Gonadotropin
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A salt-retaining hormone of the adrenal cortex.
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Mineralocorticoid Steroid
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Hormone that promotes Vitamin D synthesis and elevates blood calcium.
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Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)
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Synthetic steroid, administered orally, used to treat leukemia and Hodgkin's disease.
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Prednisone
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Hormone that prepares the uterus to receive and develop a fertilized egg.
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Progesterone
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Thyroxine
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Thyroid Hormone (TH)
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