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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene locus associated with congenital adrenal hypoplasia:
Addison's starts to occur when how much of the gland is gone? Most of Dr. Addison's patients had what infection? Fungal infections that can cause Addisons: |
DAX1/NROB1
80% bovine TB of the adrenals histoplasmosis, coccidioidomycosis, blasto |
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Addisons patients usually have Ab's against what?
Schmidt's (autoimmune polyglandular) I: Locus for Schmidts: Addisons + autoimmune diabetes or thyroid: |
21-hydroxylase
hypo-PTH, Addison's, mucosal candidiasis AIRE Schmidt's II |
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Causes of iatrogenic Addison's:
Clinical signs for Addison's: Lyte changes in Addison's: |
too-rapid withdrawal of steroids, post-adrenectomy, ketoconazole/fluconazole therapy
weakness, N/V, fatigue, hyperpigmentation low Na+, high K+, metabolic acidosis, low BS, cortisol |
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What is the usual problem in selective hypoaldosteronism?
pathology of Addison's crisis: hermorrhage, fibrin thrombi, necrosis of the adrenals usually due to sepsis: Usualy bacterial causes? |
JGA in kidney not producing enough renin
sudden collapse and shock with peripheral vasodilation, high CO Waterhouse-Freidrichsen syndrome Meningicoccus, staph, S pneumo, H flu |
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basophilic microadenoma in pituitary:
rapid enlargement of a pituitary adenoma leading to hyperpigmentation, blindness, death: Other malignancies that classically can produce ectopic ACTH: |
ACTh producing tumor (Cushing's)
Nelson's syndrome oat-cell of lung, bronchial/thymic carcinoids, medullary thyroid carcinoma |
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Heavy negative feedback on pituitary basophilic ACTH cells produces what?
Why do patients with hyperaldosteronism usually not have edema? These patients can die from use of what diuretic? |
Crooke's hyaline change
aldosterone's effect overridden by ANP Thiazides |
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What is the deficiency in apparent mineralocorticoid excess syndrome?
Secondary hyperaldosteronism is due to what? |
11-B-hydroxylase dehydrogenase type 2 deficiency
CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, Goldblatt's HTN |
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CAH with no cortisol, aldosterone, or DOC - salt wasting:
CAH with high DOC, causing salt retention, HTN: Classic mainstay of therapy for adrenal cortical carcinomas: Two major tumors of the adrenal medulla: |
21-hydroxylase deficiency
11-B-hydroxylase deficiency mitotane - DDT analog pheo, neuroblastoma |
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How did pheochromocytoma get its name?
Stain for pheo? Classic screen for pheo? Most sensitive? |
colorful rxn in chromium salts
chromogranin, synaptophysin 24 hr urine VMA plasma free metanephrine |
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Parathyroid, Pituitary, Pancreas:
Parathyroid, adrenal medullary tumor, thyroid carcinoma producing calcitonin: Marfanoid body type, mucosal neuromas: |
MEN I
MEN IIa MEN IIb(III) |
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Unique facts about pheo/neuroblastoma frozen section:
reaction with formalin? |
acid fast, autofluorescent
fluoresces yellow-green from catecholamines getting altered |
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"Blueberry muffin baby":
better-differentiated neuroblastomas stain for what? classic test for neuroblastoma? |
neuroblastoma patient with multiple skin mets
enolase, S-100, synaptophysin urine HVA, VMA |
