Endocrine Hormones

Front 1

Antidiurectic hormone (ADH)

Back 1

gland : Posterior Pituitary

Function: Increases water absorption from from kidneys

Raises blood pressure

regulated by : hypothalamus secretions, blood osmolarity

Front 2

Oxytocin

gland: , Action: 2, hormone regulator:3

Back 2

-Posterior Pituitary

-contraction of pregnant uterus

-release of breastmilk

-hypothalamus secretions, uterine stretch, suckling infant

Front 3

Somatotropin (growth hormone)

Back 3

-Anterior pituitary gland

-bone and muscle growth

-promotes protein synthesis and fat mobilization

-hypothalamus secretions

Front 4

Prolactin

Back 4

-Anterior Pituitary gland

-production of milk after childbirth

-hypothalamic hormones

Front 5

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Back 5

-Anterior pituitary gland

-stimulates production and secretion of thyroid hormones

-Blood thyroxine levels & hypothalamic secretions

Front 6

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Back 6

-Anterior Pituitary Gland

-stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol and other steroids

-(CRH) Corticotropin-releasing hormone from Hypothalamus & blood cortisol levels

Front 7

LH Luteinizing hormone (LH) FEMALE

(ICSH) Interstitial cell stimulating hormone MALE

Back 7

Anterior pituitary Gland

Initiates ovulation in females and secretion of sex hormones in both male and female

-hypothalamic secretions

-estrogen and testosterone levels

Front 8

FSH Follicle stimulating hormone

Back 8

-Anterior Pituitary Gland

-Stimulates development of ovum in females

-development of sperm in testes in males

-hypothalamic secretions

-progesterone

Front 9

Tetraiodothryonine (thryoxine T4)

triiodothyronine (T3)

Back 9

Thyroid gland

-increases oxygen consumption

-increases heat production

-maintains metabolic processes

-TSH regulated by TRH from hypothalamus

Front 10

Calcitonin

Back 10

-Thyroid Gland

-Inhibits calcium release from bone , which lowers blood calcium levels

-regulated by blood calcium concentrations

Front 11

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Back 11

-Parathyroids

-increases blood calcium by stimulating calcium release from bone; which decreases blood phosphate level

-regulated by calcium concentrations in blood

Front 12

thymosin and thymopoietin hormones; thymic humoral factor ; thymostimulin , factor thymic serum

Back 12

-Thymus gland

-stimulate T cell development and maturation in Thymus

-maintenance of other lymph tissue

-B cells develop to plasma cells

-not known what regulated by

Front 13

Melatonin

Back 13

-Pineal gland

-circadian rhythms

-antigonadotropic effect induces sleep

exposure to light/dark cycles

darkness stimulates release

light diminishes release

Front 14

Epinephrine

Back 14

-Adrenal Medulla

-constricts blood vessels in skin, kidneys and gut to increase blood supply to heart, brain and skeletal muscles

-increase HR increase BP Increase Blood Glucose levels

-stimulation of smooth muscle contraction (tightens so contents propel, )

-innervated by Sympathetic nervous system

Front 15

Norepinephrine

Back 15

-Adrenal Medulla

-blood vessel constriction

-increase HR

-increase metabolic rate

-contraction of cardiac muscles

-Sympathetic nervous system

Front 16

Glucocorticoids (a corticosteroid)

Back 16

-Adrenal Cortex

-regulates blood glucose by carb metabolism

-affects growth

-decrease effects of stress and anti-inflammatory agents

-metabolize protein and fats

-ACTH

-Stress

-serum electrolyte concentrations

Front 17

Mineralcorticoids (mainly Aldosterone)

(a corticosteroid)

Back 17

-Adrenal Cortex

-regulate sodium , water and potassium excretion by kidneys

-regulated by Renin and angiotensin

Front 18

Gonadocorticoids (mainly Androgen) (a corticosteroid)

Back 18

-Adrenal cortex

-contributes to secondary sex characteristics

(women have a larger androgeneric effect after menopause)

-ACTH

Front 19

Insulin

Back 19

-Pancreas 's Islets of Langerhans cells

-lowers blood sugar

-increases carb storage as glycogen storage in liver

-decreases gluconeogenesis

-Blood glucose concentrations

Front 20

Glucagon

Back 20

Pancreas's Islets of Langerhans cells

-raises blood sugar

-stimulates glycogen breakdown in liver (glycogenolysis)

-Blood glucose

-amino acid concentration

Front 21

Estrogen

Back 21

-Ovarian follicle

-develop and maintain female sex organs and characteristics

-initiate building of uterine lining and maintenence of pregnancy

-FSH and LH

Front 22

Androgens (mainly testosterone)

Back 22

Testes gland

-develop and maintain male sex organs

-develop male sex characteristics

-aid sperm production

-FSH & ICSH

Front 23

Progesterone and Estrogens

Back 23

-Ovary (corpus luteum)

-influences breast development mammary glands and ducts

-menstrual cycles

-growth and differentiation of uterine lining

-maintain pregnancy

-FSH

Front 24

Instrinsic Factor

Back 24

-principal site of action Small Intestine

-needed for the absorption of B12

Front 25

Cholecystokinin

Back 25

GI Tract

-principal site of action Gallbladder

-main action contraction and emptying

Front 26

Pancreozymin

Back 26

GI tract

-principal site of action pacreas

-production of pacreatic juice rich in enyzymes

Front 27

Gastrin

Back 27

GI tract

acts on stomach to produce gastric juice

Front 28

Enterogastrone

Back 28

GI tract

acts on stomach to inhibit secretion and motility

Front 29

Secretin

Back 29

GI tract

acts on liver and pancreas to produce Bile

and production of watery pancreatic juice rich in NaHCO3 (sodium bicarbonate )