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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Of what type of tissue is the capsule of the pituitary gland formed? |
1. Dense irregular connective tissue 2. Continuation of the dura mater |
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What are the two lobes of the pituitary? |
1. Adenohypophysis: anterior 2. Neurohypophysis: posterior |
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What is the embryonic origin of the adenohypophysis? |
1. Invagination of the ectoderm of oral cavity-- Rathke's pouch |
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What are the regions of the adenohypophysis? |
1. Pars distalis 2. Pars intermedia 3. Pars tuberalis |
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What are Rathke's cysts? |
1. Remnants of the lumen of Rahtke's pouch within the pars intermedia 2. Lined with cuboidal epithelium |
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What is the location of the pars tuberalis? |
Forms a collar or sheath around the infundibular stock |
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What are the acidophils of the adenohypophysis? |
1. Somatotropes 2. Lactotropes |
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What is the function of somatotropes? |
1. Secrete somatotropic-- growth hormone 2. Controlled by hypothalamus through GHRH and somatostatin |
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What are the most abundant endocrine cells in the adenohypophysis? |
1. Somatotropes |
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What is the function of lactotropes? |
1. Secrete prolactin 2. Release stimulated by TRH |
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What inhibits the release of prolactin? |
1. Dopamine |
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What are the three types of basophils in the adenohypophysis? |
1. Cortictropes 2. Gonadotropes 3. Thyrotropes |
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What is the function of corticotropes? |
1. Produce ACTH 2. Release controlled by CRH in the hypothalamus |
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What is the function of gonadotropes? |
1. Secrete FSH and LH 2. Secretion controlled by GnRH |
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What is the function of thyrotropes? |
1. Acts on thyroid 2. Controlled by TRH |
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What are the regions of the neurohypophysis? |
1. Pars nervosa 2. Infundibulum |
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What are chromophiles vs. chromophobes? Where are they found? |
1. Chromphiles-- cells with secretory granules that pick up the dye 2. Chromophobes-- no staining granules 3. Found in adenohypophysis |
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What are the glial cells of the neurohypophysis called? |
1. Pituicytes |
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What hormones are secreted into the pars nervosa? |
1. ADH 2. Oxytocin |
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What are Herring bodies? |
1. Large, distended axon terminals of neurons in the neurohypophysis |
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What arteries supply the pituitary? |
1. Superior and inferior hyophyseal arteries |
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What does the superior hyophyseal artery supply? |
1. Pars tuberalis 2. Infundibulum 3. Median eminence |
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What does the superior hyophyseal artery become once in arrives to the pituitary? |
1. Primary capillary plexus |
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What does the inferior hyophyseal artery supply? |
1. Pars nervosa |
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How does the hyophyseal portal system work? |
1. Blood from superior hypophyseal artery passes through infundibulum and median eminence and picks up hormones--- GHRH, TRH, GnRH, ACTH 2. Bood is collected into hypophyseal portal veins 3. Blood goes to pars distalis 4. Secondary capillary plexus is formed |
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What type of capillaries make up the secondary capillary plexus? |
1. Fenestrated |
