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6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Steroid Hormones |
lipid-soluble based on cholesterol produced by: adrenal glands, gonads which modify cholesterole in endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria ex. testosterone (androgen), estrogen, progesterins, cortisal, aldosterone thyroid hormones + vit D act like steroid hormones |
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Mode of function; steroid hormones |
lipid soluble so it diffuses directly across the lipid bilayer of the cell's plasma membrane. moves into nucleus and binds to specific protein receptor, OR binds to receptor in cytoplasm and forms a protein complex that allows it to interact with regions of cell's DNA inhibit or promote transcription |
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Protein (peptide) hormones |
water soluble, 3-180 AA long. peptides, polypeptides, glycoproteins ex. glucagon, ADH, oxytocin, TRH (peptides) Insulin, somatotropin, prolactin (proteins) FSH, LH, TSH (glycoproteins) |
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Mode of function: Peptide hormones |
bind to receptor on cell membrane, triggers formation of second messenger (small molecule) this relays signals from membrane to other proteins in cytoplasm for glucagon, binding stimulates adenylated cyclase (membrane bound) conversion of ATP into cyclic AMP (cAMP is the 2nd messenger). many cAMPs convert many protein kinase A's to their active form, these act on other enzymes, till glycogen is converted to glucose. |
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Posterior Pituitary |
secretes: ADH and Oxytocin
(produced by hypothalamus) tissue: nervous (extention of hypothalamus) |
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Anterior Pituirary |
ACTH (corticotropin) |
