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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name 2 functions of GH binding proteins.
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1) extend half-life
2) Binding proteins help dampen oscillations in circulating [GH] |
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Where are the GH receptors located?
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Liver
Muscle Adipose |
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When GH binds to its receptor, what pathway is activated?
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JAK/STAT pathway
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Functions:
Increased lipolysis and lipid oxidation, which leads to mobilization of stored triglyceride Stimulation of protein synthesis Antagonism of insulin action Stimulates linear growth (directly and indirectly via IGF-1) |
GH
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What stimulates somatostatin release ---> ↓GH
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Positive feedback of GH levels
Positive feedback of IGF-1 levels |
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GH is a _____ hormone
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Protein Hormone
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IGF-1 is a _______ hormone
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Peptide hormone
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What type of receptor is the IGFR1?
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tyrosine kinase
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IGF-1 is primarily produced by the ______ and has a _____ function
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Liver
endocrine (Also produced by most other cells -auto/paracrine fxn) |
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What is the primary binding protein for IGF-1?
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IGF-BP3
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What is the function of IGF-BP3?
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increases IGF-1 half life
transport |
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Some major physiological effects:
growth protein synthesis utilization of glucose increases glomerular filtration |
IGF-1
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IGF-1 in the serum is found bound to ______
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IGF-BP3
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What happens with inappropriate amounts of either insulin or IGF-1?
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Their receptors are VERY SIMILAR.
Inappropriate amounts of either hormone may cause cross-talk between the receptors (Ex: too much IGF-1 binds to both IGF-1 Receptors AND Insulin Receptors) |
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What can bind to IGF-BP3 and help stabilize it by increasing its half life?
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Acid Labile Subunit (ALS)
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Growth hormone _____ gluconeogenesis
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increases
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Insulin _____ gluconeogenesis
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decreases
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How can IGF-1 have an indirect effect to improve glucose metabolism?
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IGF1 inhibits GH secretion by the pituitary gland.
IGF1 indirectly blocks the ability of GH to antagonize insulin action; this indirect effect improves glucose homeostasis. |
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This hormone Inhibits release of:
- GH, PRL, and TSH from pituitary -Insulin and glucagon from pancreas -Secretions from enteroendocrine cells |
Somatostatin
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Cleavage of prohormone yields two types of somatostatins.
Which is prominent in the brain? The GI? |
14-aa = brain
28-aa = GI |
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Somatostatin is a _____ hormone
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peptide hormone
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