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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Pancreatic beta cell account for ____% of gland mass and secrete____.
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60%....insulin.
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Pancreatic alpha cells account for ___% of gland mass and secrete____.
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25%.....glucagon.
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Beta cells are found in_______ of the functioning pancreas.
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islets of Langerhan.
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The primary target for insulin is....
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skeletal muscle.
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The average 60kg person secretes ____units of insulin per day.
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50 U
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What does insulin transport into the tissues?
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Insulin functions to transport amino acids into the tissues.
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Type I diabetes is destructinon of pancreatic beta cells....true or false?
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true
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What type of patient may have recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis?
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Pts with a hx of Acromegly.
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Vasopressin in produced in the.....
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hypothalamus.
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ADH causes ______reabsorption by enhancing permability to _____ in the _______.
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-increased water reabsorption.
-water -distal convoluted tubules. |
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An increased plasma osmolarity causes shrinkage of the......
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hypothalamus.
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The intracellular fluid body weight accounts for _____%.
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40
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A pt with porphyria who has oliguria intraoperatively may be caused by....
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The pt with porphryia who has oliguria (low urine output) may have this low urine output caused by SIADH (low Na, retaining water...low and wet).
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Nephrogenic DI pts produces adequate amount of what hormone?
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ADH. Nephrogenic DI pt is high and dry. (high Na, and peeing a lot).
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Aldosterone is secreted in response to a ____in intravascular volume as sensed by the ______ in the _______tubule.
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-a decrease
-barorecptors -distal. |
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Renin catalyzes conversion of _______to ________.
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Angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
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Cortisol impairs ______utilization by cells.
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glucose.
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Why would a pt be secreting excess ACTH?
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As a result of a pituitary tumor.
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10mg of decadron is equal to.......mg of solumedrol.
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50mg
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The adrenal medulla is a functionally_____ganglion.
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Sympathetic.
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What would you avoid in your anesthetic plan if your pt had phenocromocytoma?
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-Avoid ketamime, pancuronium.
-you should give your pt. Alpha adrengeric blockade followed by correction of intravascular fluid volume. |
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When would you expect to see corrected calcium (normal) levels in the pt who has had a parathyroidectomy?q
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3-4 days.
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What does SIADH result in and how is it treated?
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SIADH (low and wet)...hypoNa+ and water retention. Is treated by fluid restriction.
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After the removal of a phenocromocytoma, what drug intervention would you give?
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PHenylephrine.
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What hormones do the thyroid gland produce? And what amino acid helps make up these hormones?
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Thyroid gland produces triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) within the hyroglobulin molecule which is makde up of tyrosine molecule.
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The production and release of thyroid hormones is d/t the release of _____from the hypothalamus and release of TSH from the _______.
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thyrotropin releasing hormone....
Anterior pituitary. |
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Thryoxine is ______protein bound than triiodothryoxine.
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MORE
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Triiodothyroine has a _______duration than thyroxine.
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shorter
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Pts with increased TBG are______.
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Euthyroid.
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Symptoms of Hashimoto's thyroiditis are....
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cold intolerance, lethargy, muslces aches and hoarsness.
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In the pt with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the pt's anesthesia will be affected how?
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The equilibration of Pi with Pbr will be accelerated (b/c everything is slowwww....so will have more time to equilibrate=faster equilibration).
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What is the long term treatment of hyperthroidism?
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radioiodine.
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What is a s/sx of myedema coma?
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hypothermia
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What hormone is secreted from chief cells?
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Parathryoid hormone.
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What airway/anesthesia complication can result from hypoca+?
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Largyngospasm.
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What type of calcium is diffusable across the capillary membrane (2 types)?
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-ionized fraction of Ca+
-Ca+ that is complexed to organic ions. |
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What disease could a pt have if they have polydipsia and polyuria? (could be several....)
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Could be DM, DI or hyperparathryoidism.
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***know***
What is a clinical manifestation of hyper parathyroidism? |
Pathologic fractures.
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****know****
The highest Diabetic mortality is as a result from.... |
Neuropathy.
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If a IDDM pt is getting a declotting of an AV fistula, how would you manage their anesthesia?
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BG of 120-180mg/dl
1/2 dose insulin intermediate acting preop 5% dex @ 1.5ml/hr RSI |
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To correct DKA inuslin is @.....which decreases BG by .....% and you should also give.....
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0.1U/kg/hr...by 10%....give K=
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Automactic neuropathy can cause.....
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sudden death syndrome.
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Plasma ionized Ca+ levels may be_____ by administration of 5%______ and _______.
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decreased.....5% albumin and alkalosis.
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You should avoid ketamine with the following diseases....
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Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperthroidism Hypoparathyroidism. |
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What is the clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia in the awake pt?
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SNS stimulation.
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What is the best indicator of thyroid function at the cellular level?
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TSH level
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What is the function of propythyiouracil?
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inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones
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If you see diastolic values >100-125 in your pt, you would be suspicious of the diagnosis of ....
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phenochromocytoma.
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If your pt has medullary thyroid cancer, you might be suspicious of .....
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hyperparathryroidism
phenochromocytoma. |