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49 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Pancreatic beta cell account for ____% of gland mass and secrete____.
60%....insulin.
Pancreatic alpha cells account for ___% of gland mass and secrete____.
25%.....glucagon.
Beta cells are found in_______ of the functioning pancreas.
islets of Langerhan.
The primary target for insulin is....
skeletal muscle.
The average 60kg person secretes ____units of insulin per day.
50 U
What does insulin transport into the tissues?
Insulin functions to transport amino acids into the tissues.
Type I diabetes is destructinon of pancreatic beta cells....true or false?
true
What type of patient may have recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis?
Pts with a hx of Acromegly.
Vasopressin in produced in the.....
hypothalamus.
ADH causes ______reabsorption by enhancing permability to _____ in the _______.
-increased water reabsorption.
-water
-distal convoluted tubules.
An increased plasma osmolarity causes shrinkage of the......
hypothalamus.
The intracellular fluid body weight accounts for _____%.
40
A pt with porphyria who has oliguria intraoperatively may be caused by....
The pt with porphryia who has oliguria (low urine output) may have this low urine output caused by SIADH (low Na, retaining water...low and wet).
Nephrogenic DI pts produces adequate amount of what hormone?
ADH. Nephrogenic DI pt is high and dry. (high Na, and peeing a lot).
Aldosterone is secreted in response to a ____in intravascular volume as sensed by the ______ in the _______tubule.
-a decrease
-barorecptors
-distal.
Renin catalyzes conversion of _______to ________.
Angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
Cortisol impairs ______utilization by cells.
glucose.
Why would a pt be secreting excess ACTH?
As a result of a pituitary tumor.
10mg of decadron is equal to.......mg of solumedrol.
50mg
The adrenal medulla is a functionally_____ganglion.
Sympathetic.
What would you avoid in your anesthetic plan if your pt had phenocromocytoma?
-Avoid ketamime, pancuronium.
-you should give your pt. Alpha adrengeric blockade followed by correction of intravascular fluid volume.
When would you expect to see corrected calcium (normal) levels in the pt who has had a parathyroidectomy?q
3-4 days.
What does SIADH result in and how is it treated?
SIADH (low and wet)...hypoNa+ and water retention. Is treated by fluid restriction.
After the removal of a phenocromocytoma, what drug intervention would you give?
PHenylephrine.
What hormones do the thyroid gland produce? And what amino acid helps make up these hormones?
Thyroid gland produces triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) within the hyroglobulin molecule which is makde up of tyrosine molecule.
The production and release of thyroid hormones is d/t the release of _____from the hypothalamus and release of TSH from the _______.
thyrotropin releasing hormone....
Anterior pituitary.
Thryoxine is ______protein bound than triiodothryoxine.
MORE
Triiodothyroine has a _______duration than thyroxine.
shorter
Pts with increased TBG are______.
Euthyroid.
Symptoms of Hashimoto's thyroiditis are....
cold intolerance, lethargy, muslces aches and hoarsness.
In the pt with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the pt's anesthesia will be affected how?
The equilibration of Pi with Pbr will be accelerated (b/c everything is slowwww....so will have more time to equilibrate=faster equilibration).
What is the long term treatment of hyperthroidism?
radioiodine.
What is a s/sx of myedema coma?
hypothermia
What hormone is secreted from chief cells?
Parathryoid hormone.
What airway/anesthesia complication can result from hypoca+?
Largyngospasm.
What type of calcium is diffusable across the capillary membrane (2 types)?
-ionized fraction of Ca+
-Ca+ that is complexed to organic ions.
What disease could a pt have if they have polydipsia and polyuria? (could be several....)
Could be DM, DI or hyperparathryoidism.
***know***
What is a clinical manifestation of hyper parathyroidism?
Pathologic fractures.
****know****
The highest Diabetic mortality is as a result from....
Neuropathy.
If a IDDM pt is getting a declotting of an AV fistula, how would you manage their anesthesia?
BG of 120-180mg/dl
1/2 dose insulin intermediate acting preop
5% dex @ 1.5ml/hr
RSI
To correct DKA inuslin is @.....which decreases BG by .....% and you should also give.....
0.1U/kg/hr...by 10%....give K=
Automactic neuropathy can cause.....
sudden death syndrome.
Plasma ionized Ca+ levels may be_____ by administration of 5%______ and _______.
decreased.....5% albumin and alkalosis.
You should avoid ketamine with the following diseases....
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperthroidism
Hypoparathyroidism.
What is the clinical manifestation of hypoglycemia in the awake pt?
SNS stimulation.
What is the best indicator of thyroid function at the cellular level?
TSH level
What is the function of propythyiouracil?
inhibits the synthesis of thyroid hormones
If you see diastolic values >100-125 in your pt, you would be suspicious of the diagnosis of ....
phenochromocytoma.
If your pt has medullary thyroid cancer, you might be suspicious of .....
hyperparathryroidism
phenochromocytoma.