Endo Exam 2: Energy Balance

Front 1

what % of energy expenditure is spent on thermic effect of feeding

Back 1

5-10%

Front 2

what % of energy expenditure is spent on physcial activity

Back 2

15-30%

Front 3

what % of energy expenditure is spent on basal energy expenditure

Back 3

60-75%

Front 4

what does CCK respond to and what is the effect

Back 4

dietary lipid or protein ; effect is increased satiety (dose dependent)

Front 5

what are the effects of GLP-1

Back 5

satiety signal, inhibits GI motility/secretions, stim insulin, inhibits glucagon

Front 6

PYY secretion is proptional to what

Back 6

calories

Front 7

___ has a known genetic link to pathogenesis of obesity

Back 7

PYY

Front 8

PYY secretion is stimulated by what

Back 8

fod intake (esp lipids) and nutrient presence in ileum

Front 9

what regions of the GI tract secrete ghrelin

Back 9

endocrine cells of stomach and duodenum

Front 10

T/F: ghrelin increases satiety

Back 10

FALSE- Ghrelin stimulates food intake (linked to anticipatory aspects of eating)

Front 11

fasting ___ (increases/decreases) levels of ghrelin

Back 11

increases

Front 12

what part of the brain has an impt role in monitoring energy balance

Back 12

hypothalalmic arcuate nucleus

Front 13

In overeating or wt gain, does the body become more or less sensitive to satiety clues

Back 13

more

Front 14

role of POMC in feeding

Back 14

inhibit feeding and promotion of wt loss

Front 15

role of NPI in feeding

Back 15

stimulate feeding and promotion wt gain

Front 16

what is FTO

Back 16

fat mass and obesity gene, increased susceptibility to obesity and associated traits

Front 17

what is the most potent known circulating orexigen (increases or stimulates the appetite)

Back 17

ghrelin

Front 18

80% of energy from food is used for ___

Back 18

heat

Front 19

does CCK influence body wt

Back 19

no

Front 20

T/F: certain diet plans result in significantly more weight loss than others

Back 20

False- all diets evaluated (low fat, low carb, med) had similar amounts of wt loss as long as you have negative energy balance

Front 21

is there a difference in amt of wt loss between a self directed group vs a group with periodic intervention

Back 21

yes- group with interventions have more wt loss

Front 22

what did the national registry of wt loss show as far as predictors of sustained wt loss

Back 22

exercise, eating breakfast, weighing at least once a wk (with an action plan), low cal and low fat diet

Front 23

how much physical activity do kids aged 6-17yo need?

Back 23

60+ minutes a day (moderate or vigorous aerobic)

Front 24

how much physical activity do adults aged 18-64yo need?

Back 24

at least 150min/wk of moderate intensity or 75min/wk of vigorous

Front 25

what is the gist of the south beach diet

Back 25

mod CHO reduction, preference for low GI foods and monounsat fats, encourage snacking

Front 26

What is Kwashiorker

Back 26

acute protein energy malnutrition, characterized by edema (bellies on kids)

Front 27

what is marasmus

Back 27

chronic protein energy malnutrition, characterized by wasting

Front 28

what is the link between adiposity rebound (AR) and adulthood obesity

Back 28

AR occuring btwn ages 4-6 y is assoc with adulthood obesity

Front 29

obesity range for kids

Back 29

>=95th percentile

Front 30

which race/ethnic group has the highest rate of obesity in girls

Back 30

non hispanic black

Front 31

how do you go about refeeding underwt pts (e.g. anorexia)

Back 31

start slow,tube feeding may be necessary if BMI<40% of IBW

Front 32

nutritional therapy for anorexia pts

Back 32

start with 30-40kcal/kg/day and inc up to 70-100; mt with 40-60

Front 33

nutritional therapy for bulemia pts

Back 33

frequent, small feedings with nutrient dense foods (basal + 300-400 kcal)

Front 34

possible nutrient deficiences for lacto-ovo vegetarians

Back 34

methionine, creatinine

Front 35

possible nutrient deficiences for vegans

Back 35

methionine, creatinine, iron, Ca, B12

Front 36

possible nutrient deficiences for very low fat diet

Back 36

vit E, vit B12, zinc

Front 37

possible nutrient deficiences for high fat, low CHO diet

Back 37

K, thiamin, B6, folate, Ca, Mg, fiber

Front 38

common nutritional deficiencies in US adults

Back 38

vitamin D, calcium, potassium, and dietary fiber

Front 39

common nutritional deficiencies in US kids and adolescents

Back 39

calcium, potassium, fiber, magnesium, and vitamin E

Front 40

T/F: in refeeding it is common to see a rise in resting energy expenditure

Back 40

TRUE