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185 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Does amalgam or gutta percha cause more inflammation and is it better to repair a perforation immediately or after cleaning? |
Lantz - Root perfs on dogs Immediate repair = better healing |
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What is the technique to repair internal resorptive defects and who supports it? |
Frank Weine- LEave CAOH for 2-6 weeks when there is supparation and resorption intrenally |
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When does most bone resorption take place after a perforation in the furcation? Should you do anything if its been more than that long? Who Says so? |
first 1-2 months and yes, trying is better than nothingW, El Deeb, |
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Which study determine that amalgam is better than gutta percha at repairing perforations? What is the precentage of GP failure? |
Benenati and Roane, 57% |
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Will a furcation perf heal faster than a lateral perf? Who supports this? |
Rud and Rud, furcation perfs have a 30% vs 71% elsewhere perf complete healing |
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Do any materials support complete healing of the furcation if perforated? What kind of tissue fills in that space and how does it connect to the PDL? Who says so |
Balla/Lin- it is filled with epithelim that connective tissue forms parallel with the defect. It doesn't go into it BUT LATER MTA will be proven to heal 100% by MENTE |
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Who supports the use of an internal matrix to keep material from spilling out when fixing a perf? |
LULULEMONNNNNNN
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Who says that amalgam can be contained by using an internal matrix and thus decreases inflammation ? |
Rafter and Baker |
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According to tobinejad, what are the good and bad properties of MTA (2) and amalgam (3) for furcal perforation repair/ |
MTA- less inflammation, increased cementum Amalgam- Increased inflammation, bacteria, and epithelial proliferations |
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MTA promotes cementum growth over a perforation, which other substances dont and according to whom that it will happen withing 6 months |
Yildirim, Perk - Super EBA caused inflammatory irregular tissue or dense non inflamed connective tissue
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How long should you wait before placing a permanent restoration over MTA and who says so and why? |
Place a wet cotton pellet over it and wait 72 hours. SLUYK and MOON |
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Amalgam leaks after 45 days and MTA doesn't, says who? |
Baumgardener and NAKTA - perfs
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Does GREy or White MTA work better, justify yourself? |
They are the same, baumgartender 2 or each were leaky
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What is the difference in immediate vs delayed perfoation repair with MTA and does CAOH matter if it contaminates the perf? |
No it dosent matter or improve results, immediate gets much better cementum - HOLLAND and FERRERIA
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What is one way you can place a resotration immediately over MTA |
HARDY- you can used one up bond over it to seal it. MTA will seal after time, but this is immediate
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Who suggests using an internal collagen matrix to repair a perf and why? |
Bargholz - it prevents foreign body reaction by overextnesion
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What MTA and GI are both good repair materials according to who? and where does most leakage occur during perf repair? |
ORSTAVIK - they leak at the dentin restorativec interface. He also says resin sucks |
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Normal tissue acritecture is repaired after MTA is used for furcal perfs even when there is a lesion, says who? |
Main/Torbinejad - |
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AFter 5 years, MTA perf repair will be successful |
Pace/Giuliani 9/10 teeth is true |
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What size perforation will heal at what precentages according to mente/hage? |
>3mm - 67% 1-3mm - 88% <1 mm- 90% |
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Who says that furcation healing rate is 100% but that crestal and midrood are in the 80% range
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MEnte/Hage |
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Who says haling rates for single rooted teeth perfs are 92% and what do they say about multi rooted teeth? |
Mente and Hage. MR teeth 75%
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Does a perforation mean i have to lose my tooth? Support it? |
REE and SCHWARTZ- case studies that show long term success
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Who says that the relative succes s of apicoectomy is 73% after 1 year and that smaller lesion is better |
PENARRRRROCHA
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According to DORN, what are the relative success rates of retrofills with SUPEREBA, IRM and AMALGAM |
SUBER EBA 95 IRM 91 Amalgam 75
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Most teeth will undergo complete healing in mandibular molars after root resections with resin composite. Who says this and what % of teeth wil heal completely after first and second surgery |
RUD RUD- MUNKSSSGARRRDD - 92% complete healing, of 25 that failed 8-% of resurgery healed |
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How long do teeth stay healed after an apicoectomy with super EBA? Whom? |
Rubenstein, 91.5% stayed healed |
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What does torbinejad say the mean distance to teh sinuses of mx posterio teeth roots is? |
The bucca roots are 1-4mm under bucccal boen, the palatal roots 1-3mm under palatal bone. Inverse thickness of bone BL and bone above the apoices |
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Phillips, Weller and Kulia said these 3 things about the mental foramen? |
1. The most common location was inferior to the crown of the 2nd premolar 63% of the time 2. The average distance to the center of the foramen from the apex was 2.18mm mesially and 2.41mm inferior 3. The mental foramen is larger than radiographs show (2.9 vs 2.5) |
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Who says that you can do an implant 1mm anterior to the mental foramen |
dr bavitz
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With an intact coritcal plate, where should surgical entry for a md apico be? Who? |
Shovlin, 4mm apical to estimated apex. |
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What tooth is most likely to cause IAN damage during a md apicoectomy, why and support? |
The md 2nd molar or 2nd PM. Littner, because the md canal is buccal to the roots of these teeth in 50% of cases HOWEVER Frankle says that 81% and 84% of the time the NVB is lingual to the molars |
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What does torbinejad say about the md canal shape and identification? |
31% of the time it is S shaped and is harder to identify in the 2nd pm 1st molar region |
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Wayman says what about flaps |
1-2 vertical incisons with wider base |
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Kramper says what about flaps |
Submarginal = less inflammation Intrasulular- most recession All flaps had increase in PMN and it had the fastest tissue remodeling |
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Moiselwich says what about flaps |
make it distal to the surgical site to avoid damaging the NVB when distal to the mental foramen |
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Who promotes compressign the flap with saline gauze to thin the coagulum and allow better healing? |
Velvart, peters and peters |
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What does velvart say about incisions |
papilla sparing can help with recession |
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Arrowsmith- Surgery |
@ 3mm from apec there are 27,000 tubules, at cej there are 13,000. Less bevel is better and seal the tubules |
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Figdor- surgery |
0 degree bevel only needs 1mm of retrograde fill 30 degrees needs 2.1 45 degrees needs 2.5
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Von Arx- Surgery |
73% of mx molars mb roots and 83% of mesial roots 36% of distal roots of mds molars have isthmuses and NSCRT cleans none of them |
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What can be used for a cleaner more parallel root end prep. Who says this is more accurate? |
Meadows/Torbinejad- Ultrasonic Preps |
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What root end preparation leaves less debris? Who says so? |
Saunders - Ultrasonic. He also says use citric acid |
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Abramovitz says what % of apico teeth were inadequately filled, and which werent filled at all? |
83% inadequate,l 8% no fill. In the 83% he says that retreatment is a better option
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Sweet says what about endo surgery trends |
endodontits think their residency was inadeaute 33%, and over half dont refer to OMFS |
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What percentage of lesions healed completed within 1 year post surgery according to WESSELINK. |
97% including large lesions. Failures due to things like inaccesible, infection, true cyst, etc |
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What teeth are most likely to get fenestrations and dehisciences, precentages? According to who? |
LARATO- CANINES and MX 1st- Anteriors- 13.4%. more than post 4.3% of total teeth had fenestrtions on the labial and 3.2% dehisciences. |
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Does oral antro communication reduce success? Based on what? |
Ericson Study- apico 54% successful in 1974, with best results being on canines and worst for the premolars
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STROPKO- whats does the strop say about surgery? |
The decreasing the angle of root end resection helps maintain the length and gives a good angle for retroprep,
also always clean the isthmus |
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How do you get increased hemostasis in apicos? Who did the study |
Buckley- 1:50,000 gives 50% less blood loss during flap surgery |
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What surgery has the greatest rate of blood loss, according to who? What is the general rate of blood loss according to this study? |
MESSER- .16ml/min with 1:100k epi, palatal flaps have the most blood loss |
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When doign endo surgery, which hemostatic agent will inhibit osseous regeneration the least? Who? |
IBAROLLA- GelFoam- some infl with MOSTLY healed bone -
better than bone wax (hard to get off an inhibits bone formation) or surgicel- (inflammation with some bone) |
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Will residual ferric sulfate hurt a surgical site if not cleaned out. Who and Why? |
Yes. JEANSONNE - when you get rid of it there is less inflammation and less delay in osseous repair. |
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Which is better to used ferric sulfate or racelettes? Do they increase cardiovascular effect ? Who? |
Baumgardener- Both are good, racelettes better. and neither affects the heart. |
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Who said epinephrine doesnt hurt the <3 but has good hemostasis and can be delivered in collacote? |
Marshall/Baumgardener
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Is gauze, calcium sulfate or ferric sulfate better for hemostasis. Whom? |
SCARANO. Calcium Sulfate is better. |
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How long will it take to stop bleeding when a patient has stopped taking an aspirin regimen vs continuing. who? |
GASPAR- Stopped: 1.8 min, Continued 3.1 min. Either way local hemostatic methods were ok |
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LIMDENBOOM |
Clindamyacin does nothing for post op infection prevention. Routine prophylaxis not recommended |
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Who says you can use methylene blue to find cracks and isthmuses. Or to enucleate cysts |
CAMBRUZZI
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What is the recommended max of 1:50,000 epi used in surgery? What are advantages of microsurgery, who says these two things? |
KRATCHMAN- 5.5 cartridges. Smaller osteotomies, better identification of roots and shallower resection angles |
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How long does kratchman say you should wait to remove sutures and tips of ultrasonics |
That diamond vs stainless steel is the same. 48- 72 hours |
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How long does an osteotomy take to heal depending on size according to kratchman |
<5 mm- 6.4 months 6-10mm= 7.2 months >10 mm - 11 months
hint, you can notch the bone to avoid damaging your nvb or flap |
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What are the 4 stages of wound healing (HARRISSON) |
1. Clotting and inflammation - cascade-> fibrinogen->fibrin clot-> 1degree healing. If it leaks, coagulum-> PMNS DURING 24-8 HOURS & Macrophages 2. EPITHELIAM HEALING- increased cell division and elongation monolayer of cells migrate and make an epithelial seal and bridge. Increase in mitosis and stratified squamous epithelium 3. Connective Tissue- Fibroblasts make gound substance and collage, type III to type I then new vessel formation and granulation tissue 4. Remodeling- decrease in fibroblasts and reorganization of collagen. Collagen crosslinkigng
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What is the incisional wound summary? HARRISON |
Day 1 - PMNS and seal Day 2- PMNS and Collagen Day 3- Macrophages Day 4- Fibrin Day 14- Epithelial extension into CT Day 28- Complete Healing |
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What is the dissectional wound summary- HARRISON |
Day 1- thin fibrin clot Day 4- granulation tissue Day 14- granulation replaced with fibrous tissue Day 28- Continued to heal to this day Triangular or rectangular flaps are fine, recall at two weeks to check soft tissue
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What is the osseious wound summary- HARRISON |
1-3 days - wound filled with disorganized fibrin coagulum. Barrier that body needs to remove before healing Day 4- Endosteal tissue in medullary spaces invading the coagulum. Granulation tissue will emanate from the PDL in root resections Day 14- 4/5 of the wound has woven bone trabeculation Day 16 of root resection- Cementum forms Day 28- New trabecular bone
2-4 Week post op is good to evaluate hard tissue healing |
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Who says that demineralizing root ends with citric acid can help improve healing? |
Craig and Harrison |
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Should silver amalgam zinc be used in surgery? who? |
NO, it caues complications and bony destruction. OMNELL |
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According to MOODNIK what is the amalgam dentin interface gap? |
6-150 microns
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Is the method of retroprep important when deciding if a retrofill will leak? |
NO burs and US had the same leakage GUTTMANN
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Will an ultrasonic crack your tooth when used as a retroprep? |
GUTTMANN SAYS YES, GORMAN SAYS NO BAUMGARDENER says it doesnt matter if they are filled first or not, they may still crack
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What does baumgardener say about ultrasonic preps? |
that they are deeper than bur and can give less bevel ( 16 degrees vs 35 degrees), and smaller (1.39mm vs 2.11). Less likely to perforate
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According to ____________ the frequency of isthmuses is greatest in ____________. Cracks are seen _____ % and frosted dentin ____________ (more in ___ and _____ vs _____ teeth) |
VON ARX - Mesial roots of md 1st molars (88.5%) Cracks- 9.5%, Frosted dentin 79.5%. More in premolars and molars vs anteiors
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Should trephination be used as a treatment for necrotic teeth or acute periradicular pain (3)? who? |
MOOS, it might actually increase symptoms and WEAVER- not for radiographic radiolucencys of necrotic teeth BECK- they took less pain medication but still not recommended |
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When could trephination be used? |
IF RCT does not releive abcess - FRASER |
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Who supports intentional reimplanation? |
BENDER- Molars 77.8%, PM/ANT 84.7%, Overall 80.6%. and
MICHAEL- DONT TRAUMATIZE THE ROOT, longer out is bad. Successful up to 7 years
BUT CONTRAINDICATED if perio disease and can be difficult if curved or divergent roots.
INDICATED for proximity to the mental foramen, limited visulaization, or IAN canal |
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Who tried endosseous implants |
FRANK/WEINE - it could work |
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What percentage of teeth will be positive bite test if they are cracked according to lee? |
96% |
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What teeth does lee say will be cracked 56% of the time/ |
MX molars, 70% of the time mesial distally |
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What percentage of cracks can you see with the naked eye, transillumination and staining? What percentage of positive teeth will be bite stick positive? Will they be positive to percussion? who? |
SEO - (see ohhhh) 48% naked, 18% transillumnate, 17% stain, 82% bite positive
56 percent negative to percussion |
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Will cracked teeth likely have restoration? What is the average ago of a cracker? Are most completely fractured or just cracked? |
Most are just cracked (81% of time) AVG age 40. According to SEO 72% of he time, mostly gold and amalgam. |
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Who promotes using an acrylinc crown as treatment for cracked teeth? Does it work (%) |
DiFiore, 89% asymptomatic after 1 year |
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How many teeth with cracks that get crowns will need root canals within 6 months. who and what teeth? |
RIvera/Kress- 20%,
mandibular molars 30%, maxilary 1st 21% |
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Does lateral condensation cause fractures? |
MESSER- only if excessive force
MEISTER- 86% of them
WESSELINK AND WU- YES
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What direction are cracks usually running, fractures? |
Cracks- MD-LEE- finger spreaders reduce chance Fractures- MESSER- buccal lingual |
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IS wave one, reciproc or biorace more likely to cause a microcrack in dentin? |
Wave one- LOPES- 11% |
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How many degrees must you be off to see a VRF? |
OMNELL silver points- 8 degrees |
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Will there usually be an osseous defect and PDL widening? |
MEISTER- 75% widened PDL almost always had a bone defect
FUSS- 67% will have deep pockets on the buccal
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What does SAW say about obturatoin? |
the thermafill can lower risk of VRF
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What is the only way to make a definitive VRF diagnosis- |
SURGERY- ITS THE PITTS |
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How likely is it that a fracture extends all the way through a tooth, who? |
90%, WALTON
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What are the most comon radiographic appearance of a VRF/ (2) who? |
KAFFE - halo and periodontal radiolucency |
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Who has more bone resorption according to FUSS? |
Chronic symptoms = more bone loss.
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What teeth are fractured most often? FUSS and BLANCO |
FUSS- 27% MX PREMOLARS and mesial roots of MD molars (24%)
BLANCO- MD molars 40% MX premolars 23%
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How often is a post present in a VRF? |
62%, FUSS. Most of them (70%) had crowns on them. |
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What % of VRF teeth are extracted withing 1 year of post and crown placement? 5 years and more than 5 years |
20% within 1
55% 1-5
25% more than 5 |
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What is the mean portion of uninstrumented canal wall in conservative caivities? Who |
Friedman, distal canals only 52% |
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What is the overall change in WL when flaring canals, who |
RIVERA: Overall .17Curved walls 0.2 vs straight .13 |
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Which has less debris extrusion, step back or crown down? |
Crown down according to : Step back according to SCHULTZ |
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Who supports not needed a patency file and why |
SCHILDER - the microorganizsms raraely go beyon the apex
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Which cleans and planes the awllas more, step back or crowns down? It also gives better obturation |
Walton- obturation. step back- SCHULTZ |
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What kind of tip will be the least likely to transport |
ROANE- biconical tips |
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Which will more likely cause iatrogenic errors square or triangular files |
Roane- square, more aggressitve |
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Why is the balanced force technique successful? |
CAPUTO- it places flexible files in compression causign them to bend preferentially ni the path of least resistance |
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Should you treat oval roots as 1 or two canals |
PETERS- treat them as 2, you clean 40% vs 20% |
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Use of what technique inth eapical portion of curved cnals produced less apical extrusion? |
PETERS- Balanced force
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What is the largest size you can use in a distal C shaped canal isthmus |
#25, jarfarticle |
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Who supports that files test better inthe clockwise vs CCW |
JAcobs |
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Which files are more ductile, machined or twisted? |
twisted |
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How many times moer flexible are NiTI vs SS |
2-3X, WALIA
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NITI FILES deviate ________ vs SS that deviate _____ |
4.3 vs 14 |
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What are the fracture rates of different files systems ? |
TOTAL: .25-14%
PRO FILES- 4.6% - most common 20/04 PRo TAPER UNIVERSAL- 2.6% F3 most often PR TAPER 2.4% Rotary: .30%- 1.68% Light SPEED: 1.3% 25% bypassed HF- .25%
MOST IN The APICAL 1/3 94% |
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What is the success rate of canals with fractures? |
PARL- 86% no PARL 98% - CHEAUNG
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RECIPROC IS MORE FLEXIBLE AND CUTS MORE |
TRUE |
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Which fractures more NITI or SS. What method decreases fracture |
CROWN DOWN- because flaring helps both are similar- MGGOUAGAN |
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Will small or large files leaev more apical debris and have more extrusion? |
BAUMGATENER_ small will leave more debris, large will extrude more |
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Who supports NAoCL at 5.25% |
SENIA, HAND, HArrison |
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Will there be more bleeding adn post op pain with NAOCL? |
Jbleeding yes - JAMES No difference in pain - fedorowitz unless you used endo va- NIELSEN- way less pain
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Who supports CHX as being a better microbial thatn NAOCL |
jeansonne and endal 0- but cant mix with NaOCL becasue of toxicity |
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HOw to CHX, NAoLC and EDTA work |
ENDAL- CHX- lyses the membrans and coagulates cell parts super basic bitch= 4-7 ph NAOCL- distrupts oxidative phosphorylation and DNA sysnthesis EDTA- chelates at PH 7 |
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How often rootZx accurate? |
GOON - 96% within .5mm
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Which apex locator stinks? |
EAM- only accurate 34% of the rtime vs root ZX
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Which teeth will get a reading on apex locator more accurately- |
SIMON AND CARNERO- VITAL TEETH, stay 1 mm back no necrotis |
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Who aregues about whether or not US reduces bacteria |
KIM SAYS YES
SAAFVI says no |
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How to 3rd gen apex loactors work? |
ratio o f two sine currents that dont matter what kind od electrolyts in canls-CHANDLER |
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What is the success of walkign bleach at 5-10 years |
FEIGLING_ 45%
BROWN- 75%
AMATO- 62%
PALM- 80%
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IS there pulp damage with vital bleeding |
some histological changes- ARIZA_ GARCIA- increas in supstance P, ROBERSTON_ mild inflammation |
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What percent of theeth with bleachign will eventually have eresportiopn? |
17
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Does CD14 and TL R4 affect endo treatmetn |
no- siqueria |
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What % of PA pathosis will rsolve with immature apex regene- how many will get complete apical closure and what was teh ave change in root length and thickness |
90% resolved- 17% complete closure.
Ave length is 3%-27%
Thickness1-70% |
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Why might a lesion not heal? |
Choloesterol crystals in old people- they are treated as foreign body rxn - SLUTZKY |
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What is the precentage of success with rubber dam use while palcing a post |
93% with ond 74% without
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Can ibuprofen make anesthetic work better |
yes, iburofen can increase effect of mepivacain IANB |
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what MMPS are indicated that could progress apical periodontisit |
MMS2,7,9 cleave IV collage, TIMP-1 upregulation prevents ECM degrdign
MMP7 and TIMP1- POOR WOUND HEALING |
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According to Bender what are the intrapulpal pressures of irrversible, reversible and normal pulps? |
Ir- 34.5 mmhg rev- 13 normal 10 |
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How long can the pulp survive without o2 |
5 hours (bender) |
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Is there acetylcholine in the pulp |
No (bender 1978) |
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Are the capillaries more dense in the coronal or apical pulp? According to Kim |
in the coronal, the apical has more shunts |
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What is the basic mechanism for pulp death according to kim? |
incresed blood flow leads to serotonin /bradykinin/histamine release with dialates the vessels --> edema and increqsed pressure starves the pulp of blood and it gets all clogged up with by products and dies |
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According to Rodd, which part of the pulp is the most innervated? |
The pulp horns |
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According to RODD, is there and increase in nerve density and number when there are symptoms? What about caries? |
not with symptoms, but there is an increase in nerves with caries |
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What is the role of TRMP 8 , what does TRMP stand for? What size fibers is it associated with |
It responds to cold and is related to medium and large fibers but its expression is decreased in teeth that are cold sensitive so it likely does NOT play a role in cold hyperalgesia Transient Receptor Potential Mechanism ( hargraves) |
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What Na+ channels are resistant to anesthetic? What was their activity level in asymptomatic vs symptomatic teeth? |
Nav 1.9. Symptomatic was 27% where asymptomatic was only 10% ( Wells/Rowland) |
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In a normal pulp, where is TRPA usually found? |
Near the plexus of rashcow (KIM 2012) |
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Is TRPA increased or decreased in the inflammed pulp, what is the result? |
It is increased and leads to hyperalgesia and allodynia and cold sensitivity ( Kim 2012) |
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What 3 neuropeptides in dental pulp that come from the trigeminal ganglion |
substance p, neurokinin a, CGRP |
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OF the 3 trigeminal neuropeptides found in pulp, which 2 are responsible for pain |
Neurokinin A and CGRP |
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What pupal neuropeptide is derived from the superior cervical ganglion and what is its effecT? |
Neuropeptide Y, it causes pain (caviedes) |
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What parasympathetic ganglion neuropeptide in the dental pulp is responsible for regulating inflammation? |
Vasoactie Intestinal Peptide (vip) |
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What is the role of substance p according to caivides? 2008 |
remodeling and inflammation |
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Is there usually pain to biting with a chronic apical abscess? |
No (guttman/baumgardener) |
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What was the success rate for carious pulp caps and mechanical pulp caps at 3 years accordign to Krell and Rosenberg? |
carious - 33%, mechanical 92% |
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Referred pain usually originates from what dental fibers? |
C fibers ( bender) |
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What is the difference in terminus (where do they go) betwee alpha fibers and c fibers |
Alpha Fibers - to to the nucleus caudalis/somatosensory cortex C Fibers- nucleus caudalis and intralaminar thalamsu |
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What is the mechanism by which eugenol decreases pain? (bendeR) |
it increases K+ permeability and leads to a constant hyperpolarization by preventing Na+ influx |
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Who determine that temperature change happens after a person can sense the temperature change in sensibility testing? By how long |
Trowbridge Cold was 1-2 seconds to respond and 3-4 seconds to actual temperature change |
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According to andreasen will primary teeth respond to cold? What about ept? |
yes all teeth respond to cold but older teeth are less sensitive. Most teeth respond to EPT but the threshold goes down as the apices close (open apices need more stimulus to feel it) |
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What are seltzer and benders opinions on EPT? |
it can only predict complete tooth death, is not a level of health |
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According to peters/baumgardener, what is the result if you have a positive response to cold testing but a negative to EPt |
you need to change the batteries |
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What is the Cold and EPT false positive and negative % according to Peters/Baumgardenter |
Cold- False + = 6% False + = 7-11% False - (responded to EPT but not cold) = under 50 was .2, older than that was 14-16% |
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What are the sensitivities of cold and EPT tests? ( petterson/levy) |
Cold can tell that teeth have disease .83, EPT can tell that teeth have disease .72 |
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What are the specificiteies of cold/ept, what does it mean? (petterson/levy) |
Cold can sense healthy teeth .93, EPT can sense healthy teeth .93 |
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What is heat good for diagnosing? |
necrosis/diseased teeth |
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According to chen and abbott what were the % accuracies for cold, ept and LDF? |
all 97% |
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How far does peters say that bacteria can get into the canals in necrotic teeth? |
375 microns |
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According to peters/wesselink, what kind of bacteria is in the tubules that are closest to the dental pulp in necrotic teeth? |
77-88% of them had bacteria, they were mostly gram - anaerobic rods |
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According to siqueria in 2000, what % of canals had bacterial dna? |
61% |
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What were the differences in the 2001 study that pitted PCR against Culture plates for % of bacteria in necrotic canals? |
PCR 68%, Culture 41% |
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According to sedgley, what % of gingival sulci and root canals had e faecalis? |
sulci 68%, canals 9% |
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How long can bacteria DNa show up on PCR after they die? Who said this? |
Sundvquist1 year |
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What bacteria does Dr Hahn suggest are indicative of cold sensitivity and what kind of bacteria are they? How to the levels change the sensitivity |
High is asymptomatic, low means incresaed and lingering pain Lactobacilli, they are gram + facultative anaerobes |
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What bacteria did martin find were indicative of irreversible pulpitis/ |
m.micros and p, endodontalis |
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What are the shapes of e faecalis, treponema and h pylori respectively |
EF- round Trep- SPiral Pylori- Pleomorphic |
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What did siqueria say in 2009 were teh 4 most commonly identified species of bacteria? |
prevotells, eubacteria, streptococcus, lactobacillus |
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What bacteria does siqueria suggest is predominant in recurrent infections? |
e faec |
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What % of primary endodontic infections have actinomycoses in them according to siqueria? |
10% |
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Who suggests that a plug of PMS keeps bateria in the canals? |
nair 1987 |
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Accordign to ____________ you can identify chairside bacteria that are indicative of periodontal infection vs endodontic? What are the values? |
TROPE 0-10% endo spriochets 30-60% periochetes |
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Does nair support or not support one visit endo? Why |
No, he says the isthmuses have bacterial in 88% of them. especially md molars |
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According to _____ you will have a ___% chance of bacteriemia after overinstrumenting a necrotic tooth? |
Baumgardener and harrison. 3.3% |
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According to baumgardener and harrison, what are the 3 differetn % bacteremias during apical surgery? |
Flap reflection 83% Apical Curretage 33% Single tooth extraction 100% |
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Who suggests that the proton pump and biofilm can overcome the ph issues that would kill e faecalis |
bergenholtz |
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What bacteria did bergenholtz use as an example of increased survival in a biofilm? What were the percentages? |
s sangus survives alone 8% and in biofilim 84% |
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What percentage of teeth with infection will have biofilm on their apices according to ricucci/siqueria? Based on size and then overall |
77% overall 62% of small lesions, 82% with large lesions |
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What part of the tooth bud do odontoblasts , cementoblasts and ameloblasts come from? |
Odontoblasts (pulp/dentin) - dental papilla innerenamel epithelium - ameloblasts Cementoblasts/PDL - dental sac |
