Emt Practice Exam: Airway & Breathing

Front 1

1. You are ventilating an apneic 50-yr old woman with a bvm. Your partner is applying posterior pressure to the cricoid cartilage. After squeezing the bag and observing for visible chest rise, you should?

Back 1

Ensure that the patient completely exhales.

Front 2

2. You receive a call for a 49 yr old woman who passed out. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when the incident occurred. No trauma was involved. The pt is semiconcious and has cyanosis to her lips. After opening her airway with the head tilt-chin lift manuever, you should ?

Back 2

Insert a nasopharyngeal airway

Front 3

3. A young female experienced massive facial trauma and is unresponsive. After several attempts, you are unable to adequately open her airway with the jaw-thrust manuever. you should?

Back 3

Carefully tilt her head back and lift up on her chin.

Front 4

4. You are administering oxygen to a woman with asthma who took two puffs of her prescribed inhaler without relief prior to your arrival. Your next action should be to?

Back 4

Contact medical control for further advice

Front 5

5. All of the following would cause an increased level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood, except?

Back 5

Deep rapid breathing

Front 6

6. You are assessing a middle aged male who is experiencing respiratory distress. The pt has a hx of emphysema and HTN. He appears sleepy, has weak retractions, and has shallow, labored breathing, your MOST immediate action for this pt should be to?

Back 6

Assist his ventilations with a bag mask device.

Front 7

7. Occasional gasping breaths that be be observed shortly following cardiac arrest are called ______ respirations.

Back 7

Agonal

Front 8

8. During your initial attempt to ventilate an apneic pt, you meet resistance and do not see the pt's chest rise. Your next action should be to?

Back 8

Reposition the head and reattempt to ventilate.

Front 9

9. When suctioning copious secretions from a semi-conscious adult's airway, you should?

Back 9

Avoid touching the back of the airway with the suction catheter.

Front 10

10. What should your first action be when treating a 40yr old man with rapid respirations?

Back 10

Assess the regularity and quality of breathing

Front 11

11. You are ventilating an unresponsive apneic 25yr old man. Everytime you squeeze the bag mask device, you hear gurgling in the upper airway. Your MOST immediate action should be to?

Back 11

Quickly turn the pt onto his side so secretions can drain.

Front 12

12. Which of the following devices should NOT be used in an unresponsive apneic pt with blunt chest trauma?

Back 12

Oxygen powered ventilator

Front 13

13. Which of the following yields the lowest minute volume?

Back 13

Respiratory rate of 14 breaths/min; tidal volume of 300ml

Front 14

14. Which of the following pt's obviously needs positive pressure ventilation assistance?

Back 14

Responsive to pain only, respiratory rate of 8 breaths per min and shallow

Front 15

15. A 22yr male crashed his motorcycle into a tree. He is found 20 ft away from his bike and is unresponsive. He is not wearing a helmet. You are unable to effectively open his airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. What should you do?

Back 15

Carefully tilt his head back and lift up on his chin

Front 16

16. Assessing the tidal volume of an unresponsive pt is MOST effectively performed by?

Back 16

Observing for chest rise during inhalation

Front 17

17. The respiratory system functions by?

Back 17

Bringing oxygen into the lungs and eliminating carbon dioxide.

Front 18

18. Pulmonary surfactant serves which of the following functions?

Back 18

It lubricates alveolar walls and allows them to expand and recoil.

Front 19

19. Hypoxia is MOST accurately defined as?

Back 19

Inadequate oxygen to the body's cells and tissues

Front 20

20. A properly placed oropharyngeal airway ?

Back 20

Keeps the tongue off of the posterior pharynx.

Front 21

21. As you are ventilating an apneic pt using the one person bag valve mask technique, you note minimal rise of the chest each time you squeeze the bag. You should?

Back 21

Evaluatethe mask to face seal and the position of the pt's head.

Front 22

22. Prior to applying a non-rebreathing mask on a pt with difficulty breathing, you should ?

Back 22

Prefill the resevoir bag to ensure delivery of 100% oxygen

Front 23

23. Signs of inadequate breathing in an unconscious pt include?

Back 23

A rapid respiratory rate

Front 24

24. Which of the following represents the MOST correct technique for providing rescue breathing to an apneic adult?

Back 24

Deliver each breath over 1 second at a rate of 10 to 12 breaths per min.

Front 25

25. In which position should you place an uninjured semiconscious pt with a respiratory rate of 14 breaths per min and adequate tidal volume?

Back 25

Lateral recumbent

Front 26

26. You are called to treat a male pt who overdosed on heroin and is unconscious with shallow breathing and cyanosis to the face. The pt suddenly begins to vomit. What should you do first?

Back 26

Turn the pt onto his side

Front 27

27. You are dispatched to a residence for an elderly female who has possibly suffered a stroke. You find her lying supine in her bed. She is semiconscious; has vomited; and has slow, irregular breathing. You should?

Back 27

Manually open her airway and suction her oropharynx.

Front 28

28. You are assessing a 66 yr old male who has emphysema and complains of worsened shortness of breath. He is confused, has a heartrate of 120 breaths per min, and an oxygen saturation of 90%. Which of the following assessment findings should concern you the MOST?

Back 28

Confusion

Front 29

29. A pt has severe facial injuries, inadequate breathing, and copious secretions coming from the mouth. How should this situation be managed?

Back 29

Alternate suctioning for 15 seconds and ventilations for 2 minutes

Front 30

30. A pt with a mild foreign body airway obstruction?

Back 30

is typically not cyanotic

Front 31

31. Which of the following processes occurs during cellular/capillary gas exchange?

Back 31

The capillaries give up oxygen to the cells.

Front 32

32. Shallow respirations will result in?

Back 32

Decreased tidal volume

Front 33

33. Which of the following injuries or conditions should be managed first?

Back 33

Bleeding from the oral cavity

Front 34

34. You are assessing an elderly man with respiratory distress. he is coughing up bloody sputum and has an oxygen saturation of 85%. You auscultate his breath sounds and hear loud crackles in all lung fields. This patient MOST likely has?

Back 34

Congestive heart failure

Front 35

35. A reduced tidal volume would most likely occur from?

Back 35

Unequal chest expansion

Front 36

36. A nonrebreathing mask is MOST appropriate to use on pt's who?

Back 36

Have an adequate rate and depth of breathing

Front 37

37. The MOST appropriate airway mgmt for a semiconscious pt with slow, shallow respirations includes?

Back 37

A nasopharyngeal airway and assisted ventilation with a bag mask device.

Front 38

38. You are administering oxygen at 15 L/min via a nonrebreathing mask to a pt with respiratory distress. If you are using a D cylinder (cylinder constant, 0.16) which reads 1500 psi, how long will it take before you need to replace the oxygen cylinder?

Back 38

14 minutes

Front 39

39. Which of the following statements regarding artificial ventilation of an apneic pt who has dentures is MOST correct?

Back 39

Tight-fitting dentures should be left in place because they facilitate the delivery of adequate tidal volume.

Front 40

40. The most effective method for determining whether you are providing adequate artificial ventilation is?

Back 40

Assessing the chest for adequate rise

Front 41

41. In an unresponsive pt who has not sustained trauma, how are respirations of 16 breaths/min with good chest expansion most appropriately managed?

Back 41

An airway adjunct and oxygen via nonrebreathing mask

Front 42

42. An unresponsive apneic pt's chest fails to rise after two ventilation attempts. you should?

Back 42

Immediately proceed to chest compressions

Front 43

43. A 33yr old female complains of acute respiratory distress. She is conscious but anxious,l and tells you that she has a hx of asthma. She took two puffs of her albuterol rescue inhaler prior to your arrival, but states that it did not help. Her oxygen saturation reads 90% and you hear scattered wheezing while auscultating her lungs. You should?

Back 43

Administer high flow oxygen, contact medical control to request permission to assist her with another albuterol treatment, and prepare to transport.

Front 44

44. Which of the following describes the most correct method for inserting a nasopharyngeal airway?

Back 44

Insert the device with the bevel facing the septum.

Front 45

45. Which of the following processes occurs during inhalation?

Back 45

The intercostal muscles and diaphragm both contract.

Front 46

46. The method by which you administer supplemental oxygen to a hypoxic pt depends MOSTLY on the ?

Back 46

Severity of hypoxia and adequacy of breathing

Front 47

47. During the inhalation phase of breathing?

Back 47

Pressure within the thorax decreases and air is drawn into the lungs.

Front 48

48. Prescribed inhalers, such as albuterol (Ventolin), relieve respiratory distress by ?

Back 48

Relaxing the smooth muscle of the bronchioles.

Front 49

49. Tidal volume is best defined as the ?

Back 49

Volume of air inhaled in a single breath.

Front 50

50. Oxygen that is administered through a nasal cannula would be of LEAST benefit to the pt who?

Back 50

Breathes through her mouth

Front 51

51. The lower airway begins at the ?

Back 51

Larynx

Front 52

52. In which of the following situations should the jaw-thrust maneuver be used?

Back 52

When the mechanism of injury is unclear.

Front 53

53. An elderly woman with COPD presents with a decreased level of consciousness, cyanosis to her face and neck, and labored respirations. Her pulse is rapid and weak and her oxygen saturation is 78%. You should?

Back 53

Assist her ventilations with a bag mask device and high flow oxygen.

Front 54

54. If a 29 yr old male presents with a respiratory rate of 26 breaths per min, you should?

Back 54

Evaluate his mental status and the depth of his respirations.

Front 55

55. After an adult cardiac arrest pt has been intubated by a paramedic, you are providing ventilations as your partner performs chest compressions. When ventilating the pt, you should?

Back 55

Deliver each breath over 1 second at a rate of 8 to 10 breaths per min.

Front 56

56. Which of the following statements regarding the head tilt-chin lift maneuver is most correct?

Back 56

It can only be used temporarilyand must be replaced by an airway adjunct.

Front 57

57.You and your partner are ventilating an apneic adult female with a bag mask device and 100% oxygen. her pulse rate is 130 beats per min and she has cyanosis to her face and chest. The MOST reliable indicator of adequately performed ventilations in this pt is ?

Back 57

A decrease in her heart rate to 100 beaths per min.

Front 58

58. While managing a pt with acute shortness of breath, you prepare and apply a nonrebreathng mask set at 12L/min. The pt pulls the mask away from his face, stating that it is smothering him. You should next?

Back 58

Reassure the pt and apply a nasal cannula instead.

Front 59

59. A 56 yr old man has labored, shallow breathing at a rate of 28 breaths per min. He is conscious, but extremely restless. Airway mgmt should consist of?

Back 59

Positive pressure ventilation

Front 60

60. When ventilating an apneic adult pt with a bag valve mask device, you must make sure that ?

Back 60

An airway adjunct has been inserted.

Front 61

61. Which of the following listings of techniques and devices represents the correct order of preference for providing artificial ventilation?

Back 61

Pocket mask, two person BVM, flow-restricted oxygen powered ventilation device, one person BVM

Front 62

62. Ventilation is MOST accurately defined as the ?

Back 62

Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment.

Front 63

63. Which of the following is the MOST reliable indicator that you are delivering adequate tidal volume when ventilating an apneic pt with a bag mask device?

Back 63

The chest visibly rises with each breath.

Front 64

64. Agonal respirations are not adequate because they are ?

Back 64

Infrequent, gasping respiratory efforts.

Front 65

65. Which of the following ventilation techniques will enable you to provide the greatest tidal volume and allow you to effectively assess lung compliance?

Back 65

One rescuer mouth to mask ventilation.

Front 66

66. Which of the following clinical findings is MOST consistent with a long history of a respiratory disease?

Back 66

A barrel shaped chest

Front 67

67. At the peak of the inspiratory phase, the alveoli in the lungs contain?

Back 67

More oxygen than carbon dioxide

Front 68

68. As you begin your assessment of an unresponsive man who fell approximately 20 feet from a roof, you should first?

Back 68

Manually stabilze the patient's head and perform a jaw-thrust maneuver.

Front 69

69. A 60 yr old female presents with acute respiratory distress. She is alert and oriented, but restless. Her respiratory rate is 26 breaths per min with adequate chest expansion and clear breath sounds. What is the most appropriate method of airway management for this patient?

Back 69

Supplemental oxygen with a non rebreathing mask

Front 70

70. Which of the following statements regarding artificial ventilation of an apneic patient who has dentures is MOST correct?

Back 70

Tight fitting dentures should be left in place because they facilitate the delivery of adequate tidal volume.

Front 71

71. The method by which you administer supplemental oxygen to a hypoxic patient depends MOSTLY on the ?

Back 71

Severity of hypoxia and adequacy of breathing.

Front 72

72. When ventilating an apneic patient, you note decreased ventilatory compliance. This means that?

Back 72

The lungs are difficult to ventilate.

Front 73

73. Which of the following processes occurs during inhalation?

Back 73

The intercostal muscles and diaphragm both contract.

Front 74

74. During the initial assessment of a trauma patient, you note massive facial injuries, weak radial pulses, and clammy skin. What should be your immediate concern?

Back 74

Potential obstruction of the airway.

Front 75

75. Patients with hypoxic drive are?

Back 75

Stimulated to breathe by low oxygen levels in the blood.

Front 76

76. The respiratory functions by?

Back 76

Bringing oxygen into the lungs and eliminating carbon dioxide.

Front 77

77. If the level of carbon dioxide in the arterial blood increases?

Back 77

The respiratory rate and depth increase.

Front 78

78. Which of the following signs or symptoms is MOST indicative of cerebral hypoxia?

Back 78

Decreased level of consciousness

Front 79

79. You are dispatched to a residence for an elderly female who has possibly suffered a stroke. You find her lying supine in her bed. She is semiconscious; has vomited; and has slow, irregular breathing. You should?

Back 79

Manually open her airway and suction her oropharynx.

Front 80

80. A 60 yr old female is found unresponsive. She is cyanotic, is making a snoring sound while she breathes, and has a slow respiratory rate. You should?

Back 80

Manually open her airway.

Front 81

81. Shallow respirations will result in?

Back 81

Decreased tidal volume.

Front 82

82. You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 19yr old mae with a severe airway obstruction when he becomes unresponsive. After lowering him to the ground and placing him in a supine position, you should?

Back 82

Open his airway and look in his mouth.

Front 83

83. You receive a call for a 49 yr old female who passed out. The patient's husband tells you that they were watching TV when the incident occurred. No trauma was involved. The patient is semiconscious and has cyanosis to her lips. After opening her airway with the head tilt chin lift maneuver, you should?

Back 83

Insert a nasopharyngeal airway.

Front 84

84. A young female experienced massive facial trauma and is unresponsive. After several attempts, you are unable to adequately open her airway with the jaw-thrust maneuver. You should?

Back 84

Carefully tilt her head back and ift up on her chin.

Front 85

85. A patient has severe facial injuries, inadequatre breathing, and copious secretions coming from the mouth. How should this situation be managed?

Back 85

Alternate suctioning for 15 seconds and ventilations for 2 minutes.

Front 86

11. An unresponsive pt's respirations are 26 breaths per min and shallow. The most appropriate management includes?

Back 86

Assisted ventilations with 100% oxygen.