Emt: Brady Emergency Care 12Th Edition - Chapter 3 - Lifting And Moving Patients

Front 1

Define "body mechanics."

Back 1

The proper use of the body to facilitate lifting and moving and prevent injury.

Front 2

What considerations must you make before lifting a patient?

Back 2

1) The object's size and weight
2) Your limitations
3) Communication with partner

Front 3

What six rules must you follow in order to prevent injury when lifting?

Back 3

1) Position your feet properly
2) Use your legs, not your back
3) Don't turn or twist
4) Do not compensate when lifting with one hand -- don't lean!
5) Keep the weight close to you
6) Use a stair chair to carry patients down stairs whenever possible

Front 4

When lifting a patient-carrying device, it is best to use an ___ number of people.

Back 4

Even

Front 5

Define "power lift."

Back 5

A lift from a squatting position with weight held close to body, feet apart and flat on the ground, body weight on or just behind balls of feet, back locked in. The upper body is raised before the hips. Also called "squat-lift position."

Front 6

Define "power grip."

Back 6

Gripping with as much hand surface as possible in contact with teh object being lifted, all fingers bent at the same angle, hands at least 10 inches apart.

Front 7

When you have to exert a lot of effort in reaching, what four rules should you remember?

Back 7

1) Keep your back in a locked-in position
2) Avoid twisting while reaching
3) Avoid reaching more than 15-20 inches in front of your body
4) Avoid prolonged reaching when strenuous effort is required

Front 8

When you have to exert a lot of effort in pushing or pulling, what seven rules should you remember?

Back 8

1) Push, rather than pull, if possible
2) Keep your back locked in
3) Keep the line of pull through the center of your body by bending your knees
4) Keep the weight close to your body
5) If the weight is below waist level, push or pull from kneeling position
6) Avoid pushing or pulling overhead
7) Keep your elbows bent and arms close to your sides

Front 9

Define "emergency move."

Back 9

When you must move a patient before making an assessment or immobilizing the spine due to hazards on the scene, a need to reposition the patient in order to provide life saving care, or in order to reach critical patients.

Front 10

Define "urgent move."

Back 10

When you must move a patient with an abbreviated assessment and spinal immobilization due to factors at the scene causing patient decline, or if the required treatment can only be administered in another position.

Front 11

What is the biggest danger in an emergency move?

Back 11

Aggravation of spinal injury

Front 12

What's the best way to avoid aggravating a spinal injury while making an emergency move?

Back 12

Moving the patient in the direction of the long axis of the body, and avoiding the head jerking from side to side.

Front 13

What's a "drag?"

Back 13

A rapid move used to move the patient in an emergency move.

Front 14

What piece of equipment do you use in an urgent move, when there's an immediate threat to life and spinal injury is suspected?

Back 14

A long spine board, AKA a backboard

Front 15

What maneuver must be used to get a supine patient onto a backboard?

Back 15

A log-roll maneuver.

Front 16

What are six types of drags a rescuer can use in an emergency move?

Back 16

1) Clothes drag
2) Incline drag (on stairs, head first)
3) Shoulder drag
4) Foot drag (watch the head!)
5) Firefighter's drag (straddle patient, tie hands together, put head through and crawl.
6) Blanket drag

Front 17

What are five kinds of one-rescuer carries used as emergency moves?

Back 17

1) One-rescuer assist: used with conscious but compromised patients.

2) Cradle Carry: appropriate for light patients

3) Pack strap carry

4) Firefighter's carry

5) Piggy back carry

Front 18

What are a couple of two-rescuer emergency moves?

Back 18

1) Two-rescuer assist

2) Firefighter's carry with assist

Front 19

When there is no immediate threat to life, the patient should be moved when ready for transportation, using a ___-______ _____.

Back 19

Non-urgent move

Front 20

In a non-urgent move, a patient is moved from the site of on-scene assessment and treatment onto a _____-______ ______.

Back 20

Patient-carrying device

Front 21

What is the purpose of a non-urgent move?

Back 21

To move the patient as comfortably as possible, causing no additional harm to the patient, and only doing so after any on-scene treatments like splinting have been administered.

Front 22

What are ten common types of patient-carrying devices?

Back 22

1) Wheeled ambulance stretcher
2) Portable stretcher
3) Basket (Stokes) stretcher
4) Flexible (Reeves) stretcher
5) Automatic power stretcher
6) Stair chair
7) Scoop (orthopedic) stretcher
8) Long spine board
9) Short spine board
10) Vest-type extrication device

Front 23

When is it not advisable to use a stair chair?

Back 23

When spinal injury is suspected.

Front 24

What are some other names for a wheeled stretcher?

Back 24

Stretcher, cot, or litter.

Front 25

When using a variable-level wheeled stretcher, which level is the safest when transporting a patient?

Back 25

The level closest to the ground.

Front 26

Which carrying device should you bring along if you have to help a breathing patient who's on the fifth floor of an apartment building?

Back 26

A stair chair.

Front 27

What's a short spine board used for?

Back 27

It can be used for removing people from vehicles in a pinch. A vest-type extrication device would be preferable. You can also use a short spine board as a protective layer between an automotive accident patient and power tools being used to remove the patient.

Front 28

Anytime a spinal injury is a possibility, what should the patient be wearing, no matter what type of carrying device you're using?

Back 28

A collar.

Front 29

What type of stretcher would you bring with you if you were reporting to a multiple-casualty incident?

Back 29

A portable stretcher and a wheeled stretcher.

Front 30

In what case is a scoop (orthopedic) stretcher inappropriate?

Back 30

In case of spinal injury -- it doesn't support the spine directly.

Front 31

What type of stretcher is used to transport a patient from one level to another over uneven terrain

Back 31

A basket (Stokes) stretcher.

Front 32

During a call in which you must transport a patient through narrow hallways and stairwells and maneuverability is key, what type of stretcher would be suitable?

Back 32

A flexible stretcher

Front 33

A patient with suspected spine injury must have his ___, ____, and ____ immobilized before he is moved.

Back 33

head, neck, and spine.

Front 34

When a patient has suspected spinal injury and is inside a vehicle, and you have time to use a non-urgent move, how do you get him to the ambulance?

Back 34

1) Manually immobilize patient while you apply a rigid cervical collar.

2) Immobilize with vest-type extrication device

3) Remove patient from vehicle and place on long spine board

4) Place long spine board on wheeled stretcher and put stretcher in ambulance

Front 35

What are four ways of moving a patient with no suspected spine injury onto a stretcher

Back 35

1) Extremity lift
2) Direct ground lift
3) Draw-sheet method
4) Direct carry

Front 36

When transporting an unresponsive patient with no suspected spine injury, what position should you put them in?

Back 36

Recovery (left lateral recumbent) position

Front 37

What position do most patients with breathing problems prefer?

Back 37

Sitting up (Fowler's) or lying with chest elevated (Semi-Fowler's).

Front 38

When a patient is in shock, what position should they be moved into?

Back 38

If no spinal or head injury is suspected, raise their legs so they're in Trendelenburg position. If there is a suspected spine injury, lift the whole foot-end of the backboard 8-12".

Front 39

What method will you use to transport a patient from the ambulance stretcher to the hospital stretcher?

Back 39

Probably a modified draw-sheet method.

Front 40

If you must carry a long spine board down stairs, what should you do?

Back 40

Call for help! Four carriers are best.

Front 41

When securing a patient to a long spine board, in what order do you fasten the belts?

Back 41

Waist, then legs, then chest.

Front 42

Why is putting on an extrication vest a two-person job?

Back 42

Because one person has to manually stabilize the head and spine while the other puts on the vest.

Front 43

What are the steps of putting on a vest-type extrication device?

Back 43

1) Have one EMT manually stabilize head and spine.

2) Keeping head and torso in line, angle torso forward to make room for the vest. Have one EMT holding the head and the other guiding the torso. In case of an unconscious patient, keep patient as stable as possible.

3) Fasten the abdominal belts (three of them) from top to bottom.

4) Wrap leg strap around leg from outside in, snap into place (this will hold the leg up). Tighten. Be mindful of "special anatomy." Repeat on other side.

5) Position pillow or towels behind head/neck to ensure that you can get patient into neutral spine position when securing head.

6) Wrap chin strap around and tighten.

7) Wrap forehead strap around and tighten.

8) Tighten all straps to the point where you can just get a finger or two underneath them.

9) Lift patient out of car and approach the long spine board!

10) Place on spine board, hold legs up, unfasten leg straps, lower legs to spine board, fasten patient to spine board.

*When putting vest away, make sure you leave flaps on all the straps that you can pull on next time when fastening!

(When doing state test, make SURE to REALLY tighten the crotchstraps. Bob says so.)