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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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T/F
70% of accidental poisonings are in children |
True
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What percentage of children who have one poison ingestion will suffer another within a year
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25%
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T/F
Poisoning in most common in children over10 years old |
F
Under 10 years old |
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T/F
80% of all attempted suicides involve drug overdose |
T
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Are prescription drugs involved in poisoning?
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Yes almost half are by prescription drugs
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Name 3 types of Toxicological Emergencies
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Unintentional Poisoning - Dosage errors
Drug and alcohol abuse Intentional Poisoning or overdose |
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List some examples of unintentional poisoning
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Dosage errors
Idiosyncratic reactions Childhood poisoning Environmental exposures Neglect and abuse |
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Name two types of intentional poisoning
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Chemical warfare
suicide assault |
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What is your first priority when responding to a poisoning or overdose
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Scene Safety
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What are the 4 routes poison enters the body
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Ingestion 80%
Inhalation Injection Absorbed |
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What questions should you ask a poisoning patient
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What did you take
When How much Did you have alcohol too Did you vomit How much do you weigh |
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Why is it important to know the patients weight
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It makes a difference for how much poison there body can tolerate and often how much antidote as well
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List some signs and symptoms of poisoning
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Burning and tearing eyes
Respiratory distress Cyanosis N&V Excessive sweating and salivation Seizures Headaches |
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How do you treat a patient who has been poisoned
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Remove patient from source
Maintain Airway Vitals often Pulse Ox Vomiting position Oxygen |
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What should you bring to the hospital with you when treating a poison victim
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The suspected poison
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What do we care on the Ambulance to give a patient who has ingested a poison
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Activated Charcoal
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What is the dosage for activated charcoal
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25-50 grams or one bottle
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Why is poisoning by TCAs dangerous
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Low toxicity ratio - 1 month script is more than fatal
Onset is rapid |
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What is one way to tell if a drug may be a TCA
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It ends in"il"
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What type of poisoning should you suspect in all victims of fire
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CO
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What is the most common inhaled poison
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CO
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T/F
CO is blue in color and smells like apples |
F
CO is colorless and odorless |
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Why is CO so dangerous
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It binds with the bloods hemoglobin 200 times better than oxygen but does not provide oxygen to the body
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T/F
The Pulse OX device in the ambulance is a good tool to use when checking a victim of CO poisoning |
F
A typical Pulse Ox device only measure the saturation of hemoglobin not what it is saturated with |
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What are the symptoms and signs of CO poisoning
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Headache
Confusion Drowsiness Unconsciousness Cherry red skin and mucous membrane (Late Sign) |
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How can a patient have been exposed to cyanide
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Silver polish
Fruit seeds Burning plastics |
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What is the treatment for cyanide poisoning
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Cyanide kit
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What are the effects of Cholinergic Poisoning
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Penetrates the skin
Over stimulates body functions controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system |
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Where will a patient encounter Cholinergic poison
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Organ phosphate insecticide or wild mushrooms
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What are the signs and symptoms of Cholinergic poison
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SLUDGE
Salivation Lacrimation (tearing) Urination Defecation GI irritation Eye Constriction and Emesis |
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What is the treatment for Cholinergic poisoning
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Atropine (Call ALS)
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What other medication is administered by the military for Cholinergic poisoning via an auto injector
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Pralidoxime Chloride
Reactives cholinesterase |
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List some poisons gases that can be inhaled
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Sarin
Colinergic Cyanide CO |
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T/F
Cyanide is more toxic than Sarin |
False
Sarin is 500 times more toxic than cyanide |
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What is the most common abuse drug in the US
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Alcohol
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Can drunk have a medical problem?
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Yes and this needs to be kept in mind when dealing with drunk patients
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What may a patient withdrawing from alcohol experience
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DT
or Delirium Tremors |
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What are the signs and symptoms of DT
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Agitation
Fever Sweating Confusion\Delusions Seizures |
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Why are Opioid drugs dangerous
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They cause severe respiratory distress
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What must be done to treat a patient suffering from opioid poisoning
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Oxygen and prepare for vomiting
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List some substances that may be abused that will cause poisoning
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Alcohol
Opioid Magic Mushrooms |
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What substance is found in Magic mushrooms
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Psilocybin
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Name a common depressant
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Valium
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Why are depressants dangerous
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Respiratory failure
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What is the street name for Rohypnol
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Roofies Date rape drug
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What are the effects of Roofies
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Blackouts, impaired judgment, and motor skills
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What is the Schedule I substance list prepared by the DEA
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A list of illegal drugs
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What is the street name of MDMA
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Ecstasy
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What is the reason an Ecstasy user will need EMS
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Dehydration
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What is GHB
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Liquid Ecstasy
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Is GHB a Schedule I drug
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Yes
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What is the problem with GHB
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Respiratory depression
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What is GHB often mixed with
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Meth
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List two Hallucinogenic drugs
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LSD
PCP |
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What group is most likely to abuse inhalants
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Teenagers
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What are the dangers of cocaine abuse
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Heart attack
Stroke Respiratory failure Seizures |
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What is the most abused stimulant
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Cocaine
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What are some common CNS Stimulants
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Cocaine
Meth |
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What three bacteria are common in food poisoning
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Salmonella - GI
Staphylococcus - Food kept too long Botulism - improper canning |
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What are some things to remember when dealing with food poisoning
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Get a SAMPLE
Transport promptly If more than one suffer suspect food poisoning Bring suspected food to ER |
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What is Dextromethorphan poisoning
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Abuse of cold/cough medicine
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