Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
"AVPU"
|
Alert
Verbal Stimulus Painful Stimulus Unresponsive |
|
|
"A" in "AVPU"
|
Alert: is the patient alert, and coherent.
|
|
|
"V" in "AVPU"
|
Verbal Stimulus: does the patient respond to verbal stimulus; i.e. "Sir can you hear me?"
|
|
|
"P" in "AVPU"
|
Painful Stimulus: Does the patient respond to slight painful stimulation. I.E. Pen between fingers and squeeze. Chest rub is no longer allowed in L.A. County.
|
|
|
"U" in "AVPU"
|
Unresponsive: Patient does NOT respond to Verbal or Painful Stimulation.
|
|
|
BSI
|
Body Substance Isolation: Mandatory (minimal) personal protective equipment - gloves
|
|
|
SAMPLE
|
Signs/Symptoms
Allergies Medications Pertinent History Last Oral Intake *(Last Menstrual Cycle) Event Leading to Injury or Illness |
|
|
"S" in SAMPLE
|
Signs/Symptoms: Signs are visible, what you can see or hear; bleeding, protruding bones, wheezing breath etc. Symptoms are invisible, what the patient feels; headache, nausea, pain, etc. ALSO get OPQRST for current complaint
|
|
|
"A" in SAMPLE
|
Allergies: is the patient allergic to any medication? Food allergies (can be used to tell if they are having an allergic reaction to something they ate)? Even ask about Bee sting allergies etc in case an EPI-Pen is needed.
|
|
|
"M" in SAMPLE
|
Medications: What medications is the patient on? Have they started any new meds? Over the counter pills (Could cause chemical reactions with other meds)
|
|
|
"P" in SAMPLE
|
Pertinent History: Age, Weight, Under physician's care/private medical doctor, pertinent medical/surgical history. Have they had this problem before? ETC.
|
|
|
"L" in SAMPLE
|
Last oral intake: When what the last time they ate a meal, or snacked on any thing? Last time they took their meds, etc.
Last Menstrual Period: In females ask when their last menstrual period was? Always assume they are pregnant, treat with care, don't palpate abdomen too aggressively etc. |
|
|
"E" in SAMPLE
|
Event leading to injury or illness: What was the patient doing when the complaint started? Mowing grass all day in the hot sun? Watching T.V. etc.
|
|
|
OPQRST
|
Onset
Provokes/Palliative/Position Quality Region/Radiation/Recurrence Severity Time |
|
|
"O" in OPQRST
|
Onset: activity at time the problem/pain started and did emotional or environmental factors contribute to problem
|
|
|
"P" in OPQRST
|
Provokes: what makes it worse
Palliative: What makes it better Position: in what position is the patient found |
|
|
"Q" in OPQRST
|
Quality: type of discomfort (burning, stabbing, crushing) and constant or intermittent
|
|
|
"R" in OPQRST
|
Region: area involved
Radiation: does the pain/discomfort spread from origin Recurrence: has this occurred before |
|
|
"S" in OPQRST
|
Severity: Pain Scale 1-10, 1 being no pain, 10 being unbearable.
|
|
|
"T" in OPQRST
|
Time: when did the problem/pain begin and what is the duration of time
|
|
|
DCAP/BTLS
|
Deformities (visible and palpated)
Contusions Abrasions Penetrations/Punctures Burns/Bruises Tenderness Lacerations Swelling/Scars |
|
|
"D" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Deformities: Asymmetry of head and face may be due to trauma or medical problem such as stroke or Bell's Palsy (unilateral facial paralysis of sudden onset and unknown cause).
|
|
|
"C" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Contusions: Bruises; Battle's sign is bruising over the mastoid process and indicates a basilar skull fracture or fracture of the temporal bone.
Raccoon eyes is the bruising of one or both orbits and indicates fracture of the sphenoid sinus. Battle's sign and raccoon eyes develop some tie after the injury and generally are not seen upon EMS arrival, if noted, this may be due to a previous injury. |
|
|
"A" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Abrasions: wounds that are skin deep. Cuts, scratches etc.
|
|
|
"P" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Penetrations/Punctures: Gun shot wounds, stab wounds, sucking chest wound, punctures in the skin etc. How deep does the wound penetrate.
|
|
|
"B" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Burns/Bruises: Any skin burns, redness of skin due to sun burn or 1st degree burns, again bruises.
|
|
|
"T" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Tenderness: upon palpitating, are there any areas that are sensitive?
|
|
|
"L" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Lacerations: deep cuts, protruding bones, gun shot wounds etc.
|
|
|
"S" in DCAP/BTLS
|
Swelling/Scars: is anything swollen? Are there multiple scars? Scars can be a sign of abuse, or indication of previous surgeries.
|
|
|
PENMAN
|
Personal/Partner/Patient Safety
Environmental Hazards Number of Patients Mechanism of Injury / Nature of Illness Additional Resouces Need for C-Spine extrication |
|
|
"P" in PENMAN
|
Personal/Partner/Patient Safety: In that order. Make sure you are safe, and your partner is safe, assess the scene, if danger is present, do not enter scene. Unless you are a firefighter, DO NOT enter a burning building. If you or your partner go into an unsafe environment, that just adds two more patients that need help.
|
|
|
"E" in PENMAN
|
Environmental Hazards: Animals, downed power lines, bystanders, weapons, fire, etc
|
|
|
"N" in PENMAN
|
Number of Patients: always call early for more help than you think you need. Both traumatic and medical situations can result in numerous patients.
|
|
|
"M" in PENMAN
|
Mechanism of Injury: Refers to the process by which the patient was injured. Make sure what injured the patient does not injure you.
Nature of Illness: After trauma has been excluded, Determine the presence of a potential medical emergency. Make sure whatever precipitated a medical emergency does not affect you also |
|
|
"A" in PENMAN
|
Additional Resources: Determine the need for and what type if any additional resources, or special equipment is needed. Police, Fire etc.
|
|
|
"N" in PENMAN
|
Need for c-spine and extrication: Does the patient need a c-spine or do they need to be removed from a vehicle due to an inability to assess or further injury?
|
