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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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network of nerve cells in the brain stem that constantly transmit envir. and sensory stimuli to and from the cerebrum
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reticular activating system
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when a patient loses some or all ability to speak, feel, or move
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neurological deficit
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stroke that develops from a clot formed at the site of occlusion
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thrombotic stroke
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stroke caused by a clot that travels from an area away from the occluded site
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ischemic stroke
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stroke caused by bleeding in the arteries at the brain
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hemorrhagic stroke
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plaque develops in the arteries and causes them to narrow
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artherosclerosis
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formation of plaque in the arteries
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thrombosis
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occlusion caused by clots (ischemic stroke)
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embolism
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temporary condition with same symptoms as a stroke,typically lasts 10-15 minutes
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TIA Transient Ischemic Stroke
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Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale includes...
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Facial Droop, Arm Drift, Abnormal speech
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Low blood glucose level is suspected with a reading less than
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60 mg/dL
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LA Stroke Scale Screen
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45yrs +, history of seizures, duration of symptoms, wheelchair/bedridden, glucose level, smile, grip, arm strength
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headache caused by vasodilation or inflammation in the cranium, (migraines)
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vascular
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headache characterized by pain on one side of the head, excessive tearing, runny nose
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cluster headache
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headache caused by contraction of the muscles of the neck and scalp
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tension headache
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headaches caused by tumors, infection, stroke, or inflammatory disorders
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organic, traction, or inflammatory
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sudden temporary alteration of brain function caused by massive, continuing electrical discharges in a group of nerve cells
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seizure
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brief trancelike stages of inattention or unresponsive and jerky muscle contraction
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convulsions
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chronic brain disorder characterized by reccurent seizures
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epilepsy
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seizure involving both hemispheres of the brain and the reticular activating system
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generalized seizure
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seizure related to abnormal activity in one hemisphere of the brain
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partial seizure
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generalized motor seizure that last more than 5 minutes. requires aggressive airway management
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status epilepticus
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"Grand Mal" is also known as
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generalized tonic clonic seizure
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sensory perception of the patient that the seizure is a bout to happen
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aura
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muscle tense up, contract, rigid with arching back
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tonic phase
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extreme rigidity with hyperextension of the back
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hypertonic phase
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muscle spasms alternate with relaxation, nproducing a jerky activity
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clonic phase
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recovery phase of a seizure
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postictal state
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focal motor seizure, one hemisphere, affects one area of the body, arm, leg, etc. uncontrollable but alert/awake
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simple partial seizure
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psychomotor/temporal lobe seizure, last 1-2 min., awake but unaware of surroundings, blank stare, followed by random activivty-chewing, lip smacking...
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complex partial seizure
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seizures that occur in children 6mo - 6yrs of age, from a sudden spike in fever
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febrile seizure
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seizure characterized by blank stare for a few seconds, beginning and ending abruptly
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Absence(petit mal) seizure
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fainting caused by a short term lack of blood flow to the brain. (possibly short period of jerky muscle movement)
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syncope
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disease that frequently causes changes in the patients mental status resulting from blood glucose levels
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diabetes mellitus
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simple sugars in the blood are (3)
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glucose, galactose, and fructose
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two hormones primarily responsible for controlling the levels of glucose are
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insulin and glucagon, both secreted by the pancreas
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three functions of insulin are
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movement of glucose out of blood in to the cells, causes liver to take glucose from blood and convert it to glycogen, regulates/decreases glucose levels by these actions
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glucagons three functions are
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converting glycogen stored in the liver back to glucose, converts other noncarbohydrates into glucose, regulated/increases blood glucose level by these actions
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normal blood glucose level
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70/80-120 mg/dL
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three major food sources for the bodys cells are
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carbs(primary), protein and fats
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three major sources of carbs are
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sucrose, lactose, and starches
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complex sugars are broken down in the digestive tract into simple sugars called
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glucose, galactose, and fructose
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some cels are able to use fats and proteins, however the brain cels are only able to use
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glucose
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the two hormones responsible for controlling glucose levels are
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insulin and glucagon
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normal blood glucose level is
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70/80-120mg/dL
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hypoglycemia is a BGL less than
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60mg/dL
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It is possible to get an inaccurate BGL reading from
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improper use of the glucometer, expired test strips, or a poorly calibrated device
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three P's, polydipsia, polyuria and polyphagia
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frequent thirst, frequent urination, and frequent hunger
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insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is Type __
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Type 1
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non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus is Type __
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Type 2
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the peak age for the onset of Type 1 diabetes is age __-__
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10-14
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the most common cause of coma in the diabetic patient is
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hypoglycemia
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hypoglycemia is commonly referred to as "_____ _____"
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insulin shock
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the function of epinepherine is to shut off the production of ____, increase the production of ____, which converts the stored ____ into ____
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insulin, glucagon, glycogen, glucose
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Oral glucose may be administered only if the patient meets these three criteria:
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has an altered mental status, history of diabetes controlled by meds OR a BGL of less than 60mg/dL, and has the ability to swallow
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