Emt

Front 1

Designated agent

Back 1

an EMT or other person that is authorized by Medical Direction to provide care. Basically the one who is "designated" to operate under the MD.

Front 2

Medical direction

Back 2

oversight of patient care aspects of EMS system.

Front 3

Medical director

Back 3

the doctor that is directly in charge and responsible for medical direction.

Front 4

Contamination

Back 4

the introduction of chemicals, disease, or any other contamination or infections.

Front 5

Pathogens

Back 5

the organisms that cause an infection. An ex sample could be a viruses or bacteria.

Front 6

Recognize the signs and symptoms of critical incident stress

Back 6

The signs and symptoms critical incident stress are irritability with family, friends and coworkers; inability to concentrate; change in daily activities, such as sleep, loss of appetite, and loss of interest in sex; anxiety; guilt; isolation; loss of interest in work or life.

Front 7

How many different type of stress is there and what is the difference?

Back 7

Eustress and distress. Eustress is a positive for of stress that helps people work under pressure and respond effectively. Distress is a negative which can become overwhelming and can cause many problems in both life and work.

Front 8

What stages might a patient go through when in the dying process?

Back 8

The 5 well know processes are:
Denial-not me putting of the inevitable end process.
Anger-venting often to surrounding family or EMS.
Bargaining-seeming to postpone it for a short time in their mind.
Depression-sadness and giving up.
Acceptance-the patient has accepted their faith but does not welcome it.

Front 9

What are the three Rs of reacting to danger?

Back 9

retreat, radio, and reevaluate.

Front 10

When a dying patient mourns things not accomplished or dreams that won't come true, he is in what dying stage?

Back 10

The depression stage.

Front 11

HIPAA

Back 11

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, a federal law which is in place to help protect patient-specific health information and providing the patient with control on how that info is distributed.

Front 12

Scope of practice

Back 12

what you can provide for the patient as part of your duty to act, the limitations of what interventions you may give.

Front 13

Define consent and discuss the methods of obtaining consent.

Back 13

Consent is when the patient gives you permission to give interventions. There are three kinds of consent ; express consent, implied consent, and consent to treat minors and mentally incompetent adults. Expressed consent is when a able patient gives consent usually verbal consent. This can be as small as "I an Nate an EMT with MAST, I'd like to help, okay?" Implied consent is when an unconscious patient would be unable to give consent and under law is assumed that any reasonable person would agree to care and therefore is given care until they gain consciousness and they can make a rational decision. Minor and mentally incompetent adults is when children and mentally incompetent patient is not legally allowed to provide consent so consent must be given by parents or legal guardian. However if they can not be reached and it is a life threatening illness or injury care may be given based on implied consent. Keep in mine that in some states emancipated minors can give consent.

Front 14

What three things must be have happen to prove negligence on an EMT?

Back 14

(1) That there was a duty to act
(2) EMT did not give proper standard of care.
(3) EMT's action the patient was harm physically or mentally.

Front 15

When do I have to contact an officer on a patient?

Back 15

I must contact a officer on a patient when it involves violence, sexual assault, restraint is used, drunk person is found injured, or depending standard orders when a incompetent adult is injured.

Front 16

Minute volume

Back 16

The volume of each respiration by the number of breaths per minute.

Front 17

Dead space

Back 17

The area outside of the alveoli where gas is exchanged, which included the trachea, bronchus and bronchiole.

Front 18

Hypoxia

Back 18

when the patient's tissue is not getting enough oxygen to survive.

Front 19

List the signs of inadequate breathing.

Back 19

The signs of inadequate breathing are bad or uneven chest rise, abdominal breathing, no air is felt coming out of nose or mouth, sounds or absent, patients color is cyanosis, and especially with children and infant nasal flaring.

Front 20

Describe the techniques of suctioning.

Back 20

8. The techniques of suctioning are use proper BSI (gloves, eye protection, mask) NEVER suction longer than 15 seconds, suction on the way out, keep rigid tips in sight, size catheters.

Front 21

What are 3 signs of spinal injury when the patient is unconscious?

Back 21

Mechanism of Injury, any injury above the of the shoulder, family or nearby bystanders.

Front 22

3. How do you size a nasopharyngeal and a oropharyngeal?

Back 22

3. For the nasopharyngeal you go from the nostril to the tip of the earlobe. For oropharyngeal from the corner of the lip to the tip earlobe.

Front 23

What size BVM mask do you use on a patient with a stoma?

Back 23

Pediatric

Front 24

Identify the information obtained when assessing a patient's pulse.

Back 24

Differentiations between a strong, weak, regular, and irregular pulse is strong is easily felt while weak is not easily felt, regular has equal rest between the beats and the irregular has no rhythmic pulse.

Front 25

Trending

Back 25

changes in the patient's condition over time.

Front 26

Data Element, Run Data, Patient Data, Check Boxes, and Narrative

Back 26

Run Data is a section of the report that includes Agency Name, unit number, date, times run or call number, and crew information.
Patient Data is the section which contains the patient's info.
Check Boxes is like the name implies that you check the boxes to fill out the patient info.
Narrative is where you can write any detailed info about the patient and where you can paint the picture of the patient's condition.

Front 27

Apnea

Back 27

no breathing.

Front 28

Asystole

Back 28

a condition where the heart ceased generating electrical impulses. Non-shockable due to the fact that the heart already stop beating.

Front 29

Edema

Back 29

swelling resulting from a buildup of fluid in the tissues.

Front 30

Ventricular fibrillation (VF)

shock able?
how are the electrical impulses?

Back 30

-a shock able rhythm when the heart electrical impulses are disorganized, preventing the heart muscle from contracting normally.

Front 31

Ventricular tachycardia (V-TACH)

Back 31

shock able rhythm where heart beat is quite rapid, which does not allow the heart to fill with enough blood between beats to produce blood flow to meet body's needs.

Front 32

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA)

Back 32

a condition in which the heart's electrical rhythm remains relatively normal, yet the mechanical pumping activity fails to follow the electrical activity causing cardiac arrest, non-shock able.

Front 33

Dysrhymia

Back 33

a disturbance in the heart rate and rhythm.

Front 34

Embolism

Back 34

blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site by the blood current.

Front 35

Angina pectoris

Back 35

pain in the chest, occurring when blood supply to the heart is reduced and a portion of the heart is reduced causing the heart muscles not receive enough oxygen.

Front 36

Explain the rationale for administering nitroglycerin to a patient with chest pain or discomfort.

Back 36

The Nitro will dilate their coronary arteries allowing more blood to get to the muscles of the heart. This will decrease the patient's chance of having an Acute Myocardium Infarction.

Front 37

How long does loading dose of 3 nitro take?

Back 37

10minutes, 5each, 0 at 1st then 5 at 2nd, then 10 at 3rd.

Front 38

Diabetes mellitus

Back 38

The condition brought about by decrease insulin production or the inability for the body to use the insulin properly. The persons condition is know as diabetic.

Front 39

Hypoglycemia signs
Also known as:
Incidence:
Blood sugar:
Onset:
Skin:
Respirations:
Pulse:
BP:
Breath odor:
Seizures:
Dehydration:
Urine output:
Thirst:
Mental Status:
Treatment:
Recovery:

Back 39

Also known as: "Insulin shock"
Incidence: More common
Blood sugar: Below 80 mg
Onset: Rapid
Skin: Moist, pale
Respirations: Normal
Pulse: Normal or fast
BP: Normal or high
Breath odor: Normal
Seizures: Common
Dehydration: No
Urine output: Normal
Thirst: Normal
Mental Status: Disoriented, Coma
Treatment: Glucose IV or PO
Recovery: Rapid (minutes)

Front 40

Hyperglycemia signs
Also known as:
Incidence:
Blood sugar:
Onset:
Skin:
Respirations:
Pulse:
BP:
Breath odor:
Seizures:
Dehydration:
Urine output:
Thirst:
Mental Status:
Treatment:
Recovery:

Back 40

Also known as: "DKA" Ketoacidosis"
Incidence: Less common
Blood surgar: Above 180
Onset: Gradual
Skin: Dry, warm
Respirations: Deep or rapid
Pulse: Rapid, weak
BP: Normal or low
Breath odor: Ketone/Acetone odor
Seizures: Uncommon
Dehydration: Yes
Urine output: Excessive
Thirst: Very thirsty
Mental Status: Awake, weak, tired
Treatment: IV Fluids, Insulin, K+
Recovery: Gradual(days)

Front 41

BGL ranges

Normal:
Moderate hypo:
Severe hypo:
Hyper:

Back 41

Normal: 80-120 mg/dl
Moderate hypo: 60-80 mg/dl
Severe hypo: Below 50 mg/dl
Hyper: Above 140 mg/dl

Question results that are inconsistent with patient’s condition.

Front 42

Epinephrine-

Back 42

A natural hormone produced by the body. As a medication it dilates the respiratory passages and constricts the blood vessels (blood pressure).

Front 43

dose for epi

Back 43

The dose adult auto injector (0.3mg) and child (0.15mg)

Front 44

Positional asphyxia

Back 44

when a patient dies from the manner at which they were restrained which restricts breathing for a prolong time.

Front 45

GPA

Back 45

Gravity-Times pregnant
Pariety-#of live births
Abortion-#of non-live births

Front 46

EDC

Back 46

Estimate Date Confinement-Due Date

Front 47

Rules of nine

Back 47

a method in assessing the percentage of body which is burned by using 9% for a adults head, upper chest, lower chest, upper back, lower back, the arms as 9 each, the front of the lower extremities, and the back as the lower extremities and the genital as 1%. For children it is slightly different where the head is 18% and 14% to each lower extremity.

Front 48

An oxygen cylinder is filled with oxygen under pressure equal to

Back 48

2,000 to 2,200 psi when the cylinder is full.

Front 49

The duration of the effectiveness of epinephrine

Back 49

is short, about 10 to 20 minutes.