Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
stimulants
|
-amphetamine
-cocaine -methamphetamine -methylphenidate -nictoine |
|
|
hallucinogens and other compounds
|
-LSD
-Mescaline -Phenycyclidine and analogs -Psilocybin -amphetamine varients -marijuana -hash -THC -anabolic steroids |
|
|
Opiods and morphine derivatives
|
-codeine
-heroin -methadone -morphine -opium -oxycodone |
|
|
depressants
|
-ETOH
-Barbituates -benzodiazepines -methqualone |
|
|
Opioid Overdose
|
Heroin most common, cut with various agents, 20-30% pure
S/S -euphoria -arousable somnolence (nodding) -nausea -pinpoint pupils -coma -seizures TX -Narcan reverses big 3 (respiratory depression, coma, miosis) |
|
|
Alchoholism
|
3 contributing factors
1) personality 2) environment 3) addictive nature of the drug average time to go through 4 stages is 10 years |
|
|
ETOH metabolism
|
80-90% of ingested ETOH is absorbed within 30 minutes (20% percent in the stomach, 80% small intestines)
3-5% is excreted unchanged via the lungs and kidneys, the rest is metabolized in the liver to carbon dioxide and water |
|
|
ETOH neurological disorders
|
-short term memory deficit
-problems with coordination -difficulty with concentration and abstraction |
|
|
Nutritional Deficiency
|
ETOH decreases appetite and provides empty calories
S/S -altered immunity -anorexia -cardiac dysrhythmias -irritablity and disorientation -muscle cramps -paresthesias -poor wound healing -seizures -tremor and ataxia |
|
|
ETOH fluid and electrolyte imbalances
|
urinary output increases over fluid intake due to ETOH blocking ADH hormone.
dehydration and electrolyte imbalances result |
|
|
ETOH GI disorders
GI hemorrhage |
GI Hemorrhage
4 causes 1) gastritis 2) ulcer formation 3) esophageal tear (mallory-weiss syndrome) 4) variceal hemorrhage most problems due to vomiting TX -large bore IV -fluids |
|
|
ETOH GI disorders
Cirrhosis |
bands of fibrosis (scar tissue) develop and break up the normal structure of the liver, leading to portal hypertension
complications include -ascities -splenomegaly -bleeding esophageal and gastric varices -hepatic encepalopathy (build up of waste products normally filtered by the liver) |
|
|
ETOH GI disorders
Acute or Chronic Pancreatitis |
origin unknown related to
-activation of pancreatic proenzymes -obstruction of pancreatic ducts -stimulation of enzymatic secretion chronic -malabsorption (due to gorked enzymes) -electrolyte imba -diabetes mellitus -hemorrhagic pancretitis -sepsis -pancreatic abscess |
|
|
ETOH cardiac and skeletal muscle myopathy
|
results from direct toxic effect of ETOH and its metabolites.
-intracellular edema -formation of lipid droplets -excessive cellular glycogen -deranged sarcoplasmic reticula and mitochondria -weakness -muscle wasting Heart Muscle -decreased force of contraction -dsyrhythmias -CHF |
|
|
Immune Suppresion
|
ETOH supressues bone marrow production of white blood cells
RBCs and platelets production is decreased impaired macrophage mobilization and mucociliary function in lungs, aspiration and pnuemonia common |
