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67 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Adam's apple
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see thyroid cartilage
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agonal repirations
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gasping-type respirations that have no pattern and occur very infrequently; a sign of impending cardiac or repiratory arrest. Also called agonal breathing.
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alveolar ventilation
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the amount of inspired air that reaches the alveoli of the lungs
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alveoli
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small airs sacs in the lungs that fill with air on inspiration and are the point of gas exchange with the pulmonary capillaries
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automatic transport ventilator (ATV)
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a positive pressure ventilation device of gas exchange with the pulmonary capillaries.
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bag-valve mask device (BVM)
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a positive pressure ventilation device that consists of a bag with a nonrebreather valve and a mask. The bag-valve device is connected to the mask or other airway. The bag is squeezed to deliver a ventilation to the patient.
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bilaterally
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on both sides
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bradypnea
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a breathing that is slower than the normal rate.
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bronchi
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branches of the respiratory tract from the trachea into the lungs. singular bronchus.
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bronchiole
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smaller branches of the bronchi. They continue to branch and get smaller, eventually leading into alveolar sacs.
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carina
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the point at which the treacha splits into the right and left mainstem bronchi
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chemoreceptors
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sense organs within the body, such as the carotid and aortic bodies, that are sensitive to chemical changes in the blood, especially to levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen, and that, in response, play a role in the regulation of respiration
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cricoid cartilage
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the most inferior portion of the larynx and only full cartilagionous ring of the upper airway. It is felt immediately below the thyroid cartilage.
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cricoid pressure
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pressure applied to the cricoid cartilage to compress the esophagus. Also called sellick manuver
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crossed-finger technique
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a technique in which the thumb and index finger are crossed with the thumb on the lower incisors and the index finger on the upper incisors. The fingers are moved in a snapping or scissor motion to open the mouth.
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crowing
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a sound similar to that of a cawing crow that indicates that the muscles around the larynx are in spasm and beginning to narrow the opening into the trachea
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cyanosis
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a bluish color of the skin and mucous membranes that indicates poor oxygenation of tissue
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dead air space
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inspired air that fills the respiratory tract but never reached the alveoli of the lungs.
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deoxygenated
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containing low amounts of oxygen, as with venous blood.
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diaphragm
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the major muscle of respiration that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.
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epiglottis
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a small flap of cartilaginous tissue that acts as a valve and closes over the trachea during swallowing
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esophagus
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a tubular structure that serves as a passageway for food and liquids to enter the stomach
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exhalation
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the passive process of breathing air out of the lungs. Also called expiration
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expiration
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the passive process of breathing air out of the lungs. Also called exhalation
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Flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device (FROPVD)
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a device that consists of a ventilation valve and trigger or button and is driven directly by oxygen. It is used to provide postitive pressure ventilation
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French Catheter
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See Soft catheter
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gastric distention
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inflation of the stomach
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gurgling
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a gargling sound that indicates a fluid is in the mouth or pharynx
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hard catheter
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see rigid catheter
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head-tilt chin lift maneuver
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a manual technique used to open the airway. The head is tilted back by one hand. The tips of the fingers of the other hand are placed under the chin and used to lift it up and foward.
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hemoglobin
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a complex protein molecule found on the surface of the red blood cell that is responsible for carrying a majority of oxygen in the blood.
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high-pressure regulator
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a one-gauge regulator that is used to power the flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device. The flow rate cannot be adjusted.
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hypoperfusion
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the insufficient supply of oxygen and other nutrients to some of the body's cells that results from inadequate circulation of blood. Also called shock.
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hypopnea
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inadequate tidal volume in a breathing patient.
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hypoxia
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a reduction of oxygen delivery to the tissues.
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inhalation
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the active process of breathing air into the lungs. Also called inspiration
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inspiration
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the active process of breathing air into the lungs. Also called inhalation
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intercostal muscles
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the muscles between the ribs
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jaw-thrust manuver
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a manuel technique used to open the airway in the patient with a suspected spinal injury. The fingers are placed at the angles of the jaw and used to lift the jaw up and foward.
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laryngectomy
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a surgical procedure in which a patients larynx is removed. A stoma is created for the patient to breathe through.
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Larynx
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The part of the air passage that connects the pharynx with the trachea. Also, it is considered the organ of voice since it contains the vocal cords.
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lower airway
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The portion of the repiratory system that extends from the trachea to the alveoli of the lungs
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minute volume
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the amount of air breathed in and out in one minute. Also called minute ventilation
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mucous membrane
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a thin layer of tissue that lines various structures within the body.
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nasal airway
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a nasopharyngeal airway
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nasal cannula
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an oxygen delivery device that consists of two prongs that are inserted into the nose of the patient. The oxygen concentration delivered is from 24 to 44%.
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Nasopharyngeal airway
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a curved, hollow rubber tube with a flange or flare at the top end and a bevel at the distal end that is inserted into the nose. It fits in the nasopharynx and extends into the pharynx providing a passage for air.
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nonrebreather mask
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an oxygen delivery device that cibsusts iof a reservoir and one-way valve. It can deliver up to 100% oxygen to the patient
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oral airway
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an orogharyngeal airway
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oxygentated
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containing high amounts of oxygen, as with arteriole blood.
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parital pleura
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the outermost pleural layer that adheres to the chest wall.
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pleura
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two layers of connective tissue that surround the lungs
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pleural space
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a small space between the visceral and parietal pleura that is at negative pressure and filled with serous fluid.
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repiration
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the exchange of O2 and CO2 that takes place during inhalation and exhalation
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respriatory distress
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a condition in which a person is working harder that normally to breath.
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respiratory failure
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insufficient respiratory rate and/or tidal volume
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retractions
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depressions seen from excessive muscle use during breathing an indication of respiratory distress
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rigid catheter
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a rigid tube that is part of a suctioning system, commonly referred to as a tonsil tip or tonsi sucker.
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sellick manuver
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see cricoid pressure
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soft catheter
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flexible tubing that is part of a suctioning system, also called a French Catheter
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stridor
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a harsh, high pithched sound heard on ispiration that indicates swelling of the larynx
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tachypnea
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a breathing rate that is faster than the normal rate
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therapy regulator
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a device that controls the flow and pressure of oxygen from the tank to allow for a consistent delivery of oxygen by liters per minute
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thyroid cartilage
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the bulky cartilage that forms the anterior portion of the larynx. See Adam's apple
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upper airway
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the portion of the respiratory system that extends from the nose and mouth to the larynx.
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ventilation
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the passage of air into and out of the lungs.
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visceral pleura
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innermost layer of the pleura that covers the lung.
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