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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is the EBM process? |
The evidence-based management (EBM) process
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Which specific steps have to be taken in the following stages of the evidence-based management process? |
(1) Conduct studies |
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What is meta-analysis? |
In statistics, a meta-analysis refers to methods that focus on contrasting and combining results from different studies, in the hope of identifying patterns among study results, sources of disagreement among those results, or other interesting relationships that may come to light in the context of multiple studies. |
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What is a construct? |
A construct is not directly observable |
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What is a proposition? |
A proposition (Behauptung) is one causal statement that links two constructs |
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What is a theory? |
A theory is a set of statements that come together |
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Through what can a theory be tested? |
A theory becomes testable through hypothesis |
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What is a hypothesis? |
A theory becomes testable through hypothesis |
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Theory is generated through the scientific process. The process relies on ...? |
Theory is generated through the scientific process. The process relies on empiricism? |
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Observable data need to be collected objectively. However, objectivity is impossible. By what does it have to be replaced? |
Objectivity has to be replaced by replicable/reproducible and testable intersubjectively |
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Why do research methods have to be fully disclosed and described? |
Objectivity in collecting data is impossible |
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Having theory allows for abstraction. What is abstraction? |
Abstraction: problem as specific representation of general class |
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Having theory allows for generalization. What is generalization? |
Generalization: reducing complexity to enable decision making |
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Having theory allows for intervention. What is intervention? |
Intervention: change things (but: objective vs. subjective views!) |
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Having theory allows for (causal) learning. What is (causal) learning? |
(Causal) learning: theory worked or did not work (--> find out why!) |
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Having theory allows for power. What is power in this context? |
Power: predicting eclipses in the Middle Ages, leadership, motivation, ... |
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Theory/evidence is generated from data, in a process emphasizing the three core principles ... |
Theory/evidence is generated from data, in a process emphasizing the three points |
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The three core principles of empirical research are |
(a) |
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A causal statement that links two constructs is a |
(b) |
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Good theory is a set of corroborated causal conjectures. What does 'corroborated' mean? |
corroborated = bekräftigt |
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Good theory is a set of corroborated causal conjectures. What does 'corroborated' mean? |
corroborated = bekräftigt |
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Describe the attitude of Sir Karl Popper towards 'theory'. |
Popper: we can never now that sth is true |
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Name three aspects that make theory good. |
- Falsifiability |
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What does the Bacharach article say about "good theory"? |
Good theory has |
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Who was Ignaz Semmelweis? |
Empirical-evidence of hygiene
In 1847 Ignaz Semmelweis discovered that disinfection of the hands significantly reduced the incidence of puerperal fever (Kindbettfieber) in clinics. Puerperal fever was the single most common cause of maternal mortality in the 18th and 19th centuries. However, the scientific consensus did not accept Semmelweis’ empirical evidence but dismissed his findings, often with contempt. He did not accord with the established opinion of the day and was considered by some to have no scientific basis for his claims. Others were insulted by the idea that their hands were being described as “dirty”. It was also pointed out that Semmelweis was saying nothing new.
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