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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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HIPPOCRATES
was called: He associated ____ with _____ |
father of medicine
4 elements with 4 humors earth=black bile air=yellow bile fire=blood water=phlegm |
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GALEN
expanded Hippocrates theory into ________ He associated ______ with _____ and associated ________ |
a rudimentary theory of personality
Humors with Temperaments and Characteristics Black Bile = Melancholic = Sad Yellow Bile = Choleric = Quick tempered, Fiery Blood = Sanguine = Cheerful Phlegm = Phlegmatic = Sluggish, Unemotional |
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ARISTOLTE
Emotions depend on___. Our ______. How do we persuade others? |
Emotions depend on what we believe. Our evaluations.
1) Hearer is more likely to believe a good person than a bad one 2) More likely to be persuaded when an argument seems truthful 3) When what is said stirs emotions |
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DESCARTES
How are emotions different than other perceptions and bodily passions? (define both) Name the fundamental emotions Describe the Mind-Body interaction Brain structure Descartes believed emotions (animal spirits) come from How do emotions affect our behavior |
Perceptions = outside the body (environment around us)
Bodily Passions = inside the body (hungry, tired, etc.) Emotion = Soul (regulated by beliefs) 6 Fudamental Emotions = wonder, desire, love, joy, hatred, sadness Mind = Non-physical Body = Physical Dualist: Mind(soul) is separate from body, but the interact (interactionism) Believed they were in the Pineal Gland |
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DARWIN
Where do emotions come from? Why did Darwin argue that emotions are universal? |
Emotions come from HABITS (reflex-like mechanisms)
Once useful in past Emotions are universal because they are similar across animals, adults, and infants |
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WILLIAM JAMES
James-Lange Theory of Emotions: Where does William James think emotion comes from? The experience of emotions is the ____________. Emotions give _________ to experience. |
Emotion is the perception of changes of our body as we react to the fact
Perception ---> Bodily Reactions ---> Experienced as Emotion The experience of emotions is the set of changes in the Autonomic Nervous System Emotions give Color and Warmth to experience. EX) See a bear----Run away---experience fear from psychological changes while we run |
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PHINEAS GAGE
Location of Brain Damage Behavioral Repercussions Why is this story so important? |
Frontal Lobes (Orbital Frontal Region)
Personality and Social Functioning were affected, Reasoning Important because something in the brain was concerned specifically with UNIQUE HUMAN PROPERTIES (Executive Functioning) > Ability to anticipate future and plan > Sense of responsibility toward self and others > Ability to orchestrate one's survival deliberately, at the command of one's free will |
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WALTER HESS
What research did he do? Emotions are dependent upon _________ _________ associated with emotions _________ may function to modulate the output of these ________ Results and conclusions |
Electrical stimulation on cats brains via electrodes
Different regions produced different effects Emotions are dependent upon programs based in the brain Subcortical Regions are associated with emotions Cerebral Cortex may function to modulate the output of these subcortical structures |
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MAGDA ARNOLD
Emotions are based on __________________ Example |
Emotions are based on Appraising events on Judgements
EX) If you know the Appraise, you can predict the Emotion If you know the emotion, you can predict the Appraise |
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SYLVAN TOMKINS
Emotions are __________ Do internal drives determine behavior? Emotion __________ these drives Emotion _____ one particular drive signal Tomkins prompted the study of _______ What are the primary ____ of emotions in humans? |
Emotions are a central part of life
Internal drives do NOT determine behavior Emotion PRIORITIZES these drives Emotion AMPLIFIES one particular drive signal Prompted the study of Facial Expressions The primary amplifiers of emotions in humans are changes in facial expressions |
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Magda Arnold focused on ____ side, while Tomkins focused on the ____ side
Concept of emotions seen as central to _______ |
Arnold = perceptual side
Tomkins = motor side Concept of emotions seen as central to normal functioning |
