Emot - Chapter 10

Front 1

Parts of the eye

Back 1

inner - eyeball

outer - facial structure and muscles

Front 2

Inner eye

Back 2

3 layers -
outer
middle
inner

Front 3

Outer layer

Back 3

cornea
salera - white of the eye

Front 4

cornea

Back 4

allows light in
focus light onto the retina

Front 5

sclera

Back 5

tough protective covering for most of the eye

Front 6

middle layer

Back 6

uvea

made up of:
choroid
ciliary body
iris

Front 7

choroid

Back 7

inner lining of the sclera

contains blood vessels that nourish the eye

Front 8

ciliary body

Back 8

at the anterior edge of the choroid

ciliary muscles
ciliary process

Front 9

ciliary muscles

Back 9

adjust the shape of the lens

Front 10

ciliary process

Back 10

produces the aqueous humor
that bathes the anterior region of the eye

Front 11

pupil

Back 11

central opening in the iris

constricts in bright light

Front 12

iris

Back 12

colored portion of the eye

Front 13

inner layer of the eye

Back 13

retina

contains cones and rods

Front 14

cones

Back 14

responsible for central and bright light vision

concentrated in a depression in the center of the retina

Front 15

depression in the center of the retina

Back 15

fovea centralis

lies within the yellowish

macula lutea

Front 16

rods

Back 16

responsible for low light vision and peripheral vision

located in the periphery of the retina - away from the macula lutea

Front 17

optic disc

Back 17

no rods or cones

AKA - blind spot

Where the optic nerve begins and entry point for blood vessels

Front 18

lens

Back 18

not considered to be part of one of the layers of the eye

posterior to the iris

Held in place by suspensory ligaments

Front 19

bent light

Back 19

refraction

Front 20

lens accommodation

Back 20

changing of the lens shape by the ciliary body (muscles and process)

Front 21

anterior cavity of the eye

Back 21

contains aqueous humor
Watery fluid produced by ciliary process

Front 22

aqueous humor

Back 22

flows from posterior chamber to the anterior chamber through the pupil

Front 23

drains fluid from the eye

Back 23

lattice or meshwork structure called trabecular

Front 24

canal of schlemm

Back 24

drains fluid from the eye into the venous system

Front 25

inability to drain fluid from the eye

Back 25

glaucoma

Front 26

pressure equality

Back 26

intraocular pressure

Front 27

vitreous humor

Back 27

clear, jelly like material in the posterior cavity of the eye

maintains shape
holds retina firmly against the choroid

Front 28

outer eye

Back 28

orbital cavity
extrinsic ocular muscles
eyelids
conjunctival membrane
lacrimal apparatus

Front 29

orbital cavity

Back 29

bony depression where the eye fits

Front 30

extrinsic ocular muscles

Back 30

six
attached to the sclera of each eye

moves the eye

Front 31

straight

Back 31

rectus

Front 32

slanted

Back 32

oblique

Front 33

rectus muscles

Back 33

superior
inferior
medial
lateral

Front 34

oblique muscles

Back 34

superior
inferior

Front 35

function of the eyelids

Back 35

shields from dust, light and trauma

Front 36

conjunctival membrane

Back 36

thin, mucous membrane
Lines the eyelid PLUS the
anterior part of the eye that is exposed to the air.

Front 37

lacrimal apparatus

Back 37

produces
delivers
drains
tears from the eyes

Front 38

tears

Back 38

cleans and lubricates the eye

Front 39

tears are produced by

Back 39

lacrimal glands

Front 40

delivers tears

Back 40

lacrimal ducts

Front 41

drains tears from the eyes into canals

Back 41

punctae

Front 42

cataracts

Back 42

removed using phaco emulsification

Ultrasound destroys cataracts

Fragments removed by suction

Front 43

ECCE

Back 43

extracapsular cataract extraction

remove cataract through an incision

Front 44

artificial implant (lens)

Back 44

intraocular lens

Front 45

errors of refraction

Back 45

astigmatism - blurring caused by an uneven cornea

hypertopia - farsightedness
light focuses behind the retina
myopia - nearsightedness
light focuses in front of the retina

Front 46

macular degeneration

Back 46

deterioration of the macula lutea

also - ARMD - age related macular degeneration

Loss of central vision

Front 47

parts of the ear

Back 47

inner
middle
external

Front 48

hearing process

Back 48

transduction - converting detected sound into nerve impulses
detection - receiving the sound stimulus

Front 49

external ear

Back 49

auricle (pinna)
external auditory meatus
eardrum (tympanic) membrane

Front 50

middle ear

Back 50

3 ossicles (bones)

malleus - hammer
incus - anvil
stapes - stirrup

Front 51

inner ear

Back 51

bony labyrinth - vestibule, semicircular canals, cochlea

membraneous labyrinth - utricle, saccule, semicircular ducts and cochlear ducts

Front 52

bony labyrinth

Back 52

encased in bone
filled with fluid - perilymph

Front 53

membrane labyrinth

Back 53

within the bony labyrinth
tubes

filled with fluid - endolymph

Front 54

parts of the bony labyrinth

Back 54

vestibule
semicircular canals
cochlea

Front 55

vestibule

Back 55

utricle
saccule

membraneous sacs
important for balance

Front 56

middle ear transmits sound to the inner ear through

Back 56

oval window

Front 57

organ of Corti

Back 57

sensitive hair cells
react to vibrations of the staples by moving
movement stimulates underlying nerve cell fibers - creating impulses that go to the temporal lobe

Front 58

types of deafness

Back 58

conductive deafness - obstructed path from the external ear to the inner ear

sensorineural deafness - damage to the auditory nerve or cochlea - irreversible

Front 59

Meniere's disease

Back 59

inner condition that includes hearing loss
feeling of pressure in the ear
vertigo (dizziness)
tinnitus (ringing in the ears)