Eml Ch. 6

Front 1

kidney

Back 1

behind parienatl peritoneum; remove waste products from the blood and to aid in maintaining fluid and electrolyte blances

Front 2

nephrons

Back 2

urine-producing microscopic structures; 1 million in ea. kidney

Front 3

glomerulus

Back 3

cluster of capillaries at the entrance of the nephron. The process of filtering blood, thus producing urine begins here.

Front 4

renal pelvis

Back 4

funnel-shaped resevoir that collects the urine and passes it to the ureter

Front 5

hilum

Back 5

indentation on the medial side of the kidenys where the ureters leave the kidney

Front 6

ureters

Back 6

two slender tubes, 10-13" long, that reciev urine form the kidenys and carry it to th eposterior portion of the bladder

Front 7

urinary bladder

Back 7

muscular, hollow organ that temproarily holds urine.

Front 8

urethra

Back 8

urine passes from bladder to outside;longest in females; lowest part of urinary tract; also carries semen (males)

Front 9

urinary meatus

Back 9

opening thru which urine passes to the outside

Front 10

cystitis

Back 10

inflammation of the bladder

Front 11

csytocele

Back 11

protrusion of the bladder

Front 12

cytolith

Back 12

stone in the bladder

Front 13

glomerulonephritis

Back 13

inflammation of the glomeruli of the kidney

Front 14

hydronephrosis

Back 14

abnormal condition of water in the kidney (distension of the renal pelvis with urine bc of an obstruction)

Front 15

nephritis

Back 15

inflammation of the kidney

Front 16

nephoblastroma

Back 16

kidney tumor containing developing cell (malignant tumor) (aka Wilm's tumor)

Front 17

nephrohypertrophy

Back 17

excessive development (increase in size) of kidney

Front 18

nephrolithiasis

Back 18

condition of stones in the kidney

Front 19

nephroma

Back 19

tumor of the kidney

Front 20

nephromegaly

Back 20

enlargement of the kidney

Front 21

nephromegaly

Back 21

enlargement of the kidney

Front 22

nephroptosis

Back 22

drooping of the kidney

Front 23

pyelitis

Back 23

inflammation of the renal pelvis

Front 24

pyelonephritis

Back 24

inflammation of the renal pelvis and the kidney

Front 25

uremia

Back 25

condition of urine (urea) in the blood; toxic condition

Front 26

ureteritis

Back 26

inflammation of the ureter

Front 27

ureterocele

Back 27

protrusion of the ureter

Front 28

ureterolithiasis

Back 28

condition of stones in the ureters

Front 29

ureterostenosis

Back 29

narrowing of the ureter

Front 30

urethrocystitis

Back 30

inflammation of the urethra and the bladder

Front 31

polycystic kidney d.

Back 31

condition in which the kidney contains many cysts and is enlarged

Front 32

renal calculus

Back 32

stone in the kidney

Front 33

renal hypertension

Back 33

elevated blood pressure resulting from kidney d

Front 34

sepsis

Back 34

condition in which pathogenic microorganisms, usu. bacteria, enter the bloodstream, causing systemic infection (aka sepicemia)

Front 35

urinary retention

Back 35

abnormal accumulation of urine in the bladder bc of inability to urinate

Front 36

urinary suppression

Back 36

sudden stoppage of urine formation

Front 37

urinary tract infection (UTI)

Back 37

infection of one or more organs of the urinary tract

Front 38

cystectomy

Back 38

excision of the bladder

Front 39

cystolithotomy

Back 39

incision of the bladder to remove a stone

Front 40

cystorrhaphy

Back 40

suturing of the bladder

Front 41

cystostomy

Back 41

creating an artificial opening into the bladder

Front 42

cystotomy, vesicotomy

Back 42

incision of the bladder

Front 43

lithotripsy

Back 43

surgical crushing of a stone

Front 44

meatotomy

Back 44

incision of the meatus

Front 45

nephrectomy

Back 45

excision of the kidney

Front 46

nephrolysis

Back 46

separating of the kidney (from other body structures)

Front 47

nephropexy

Back 47

surgical fixation of the kidney

Front 48

nephropyelolithotomy

Back 48

incision thru the kidney to the renal pelvis to remove a stone

Front 49

nephrostomy

Back 49

creation of an artificial opening into the kidney

Front 50

pyelolithotomy

Back 50

incision of the renal pelvis to remove a stone

Front 51

pyeloplasty

Back 51

surgical repair of the renal pelvis

Front 52

urterectomy

Back 52

excision of a ureter

Front 53

ureterostomy

Back 53

cretaion of an artificial opening into the ureter

Front 54

urethroplasty

Back 54

surgical repair of the urethra

Front 55

vesicourethral

Back 55

suspension pertaining to the bladder and urethra

Front 56

extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL)

Back 56

noninvasive tmt fro removal of kidney or ureteral stone(s). uses ultrasound and fluoroscopic imaging, shock waves renders into fragments

Front 57

fulguration

Back 57

destruction of living tissue with an electric spark (usu. removes bladder growths)

Front 58

renal transplant

Back 58

surgical implantation of a donor kidney to replace nonfunctioning kidney

Front 59

cystogram
nephrogram

Back 59

radiographic image of a bladder
kidney

Front 60

cystography
nephrography

Back 60

radiographic imaging of the bladder
Kidney

Front 61

inravenous urogram (IVU)

Back 61

radiographic image of the urinary tract (w/ contrast medium injected intravenously)

Front 62

nephrosonography

Back 62

process of recording the kidneyusing sound (ultrasound test)

Front 63

nephrotomogram

Back 63

sectional radiographic image of the kidney

Front 64

renogram

Back 64

graphic record of the kidney (produced by injected radioactive material into the blood; nuclear medicine test

Front 65

retrograde

Back 65

radiographic image of the urinary tract with contrast medium instilled thru catheters by cystoscope

Front 66

voiding cystourethrography

Back 66

radiographic imaging of the bladder and urethra. Radiopaque dye is instilled in the bladder

Front 67

cysto/meato/urethroscope

Back 67

instrument used for the visual examination of the bladder/meatus//urethra

Front 68

cysto/meato/nephro/ureteroscopy

Back 68

visual examination of the bladder/meatus/kidney/ureter

Front 69

Urinometer

Back 69

instrument used to measure (the specific gravity of urine

Front 70

KUB (kidney, ureter, bladder)

Back 70

simple radiographic image of the abdomen;determine size, location, and shape; identifies calculi or diagnose intestinal obstruction

Front 71

blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

Back 71

blood test that measures the amount of urea in the blood; used to determine kidney function; increase in BUN indicates renal dysfunction

Front 72

creatinine

Back 72

blood test that measures the amount of creatinine in the blood; elevated amount indicates impaired kidney function

Front 73

specific gravity (SG)

Back 73

a test performed on a urine specimen to measure the concentrating or diluting ability of the kidneys

Front 74

urinalysis (UA)

Back 74

multiple routine tests performed on a urine specimen

Front 75

albuminuria

Back 75

albumin in the urine

Front 76

anuria

Back 76

absence of urine; failure of kidneys to produce urine

Front 77

azotemia

Back 77

excessive urea and nitrogenous substances in the blood

Front 78

diuresis

Back 78

condition of urine passing through; increased amt of urine

Front 79

dysuria

Back 79

difficult or painful urination

Front 80

glycosuria

Back 80

sugar (glucose) in the urine

Front 81

hematuria

Back 81

blood in the urine

Front 82

meatal

Back 82

pertaining to the meatus

Front 83

nephrologist

Back 83

a physician who studies and treats diseases of the kidney

Front 84

nocturia

Back 84

night urination

Front 85

oliguria

Back 85

scanty urine (amt)

Front 86

polyuria

Back 86

excessive urine

Front 87

pyuria

Back 87

pus in the urine

Front 88

urinary

Back 88

pertaining to the urine

Front 89

urologist

Back 89

a physician who studies and treats d. of the urinary tract

Front 90

urology

Back 90

the study of the urinary tract (branch of medicine dealing with d. of male and female urinary syst. and male reproductive sys.)

Front 91

catheter

Back 91

flexible, tubelike device, such as a urinary catheter, for withdrawing or instilling fluids

Front 92

distended

Back 92

stretched out (a bladder is distended when it is filled with urine)

Front 93

diuretic

Back 93

agent that increases the formation and excretion of urine

Front 94

enuresis

Back 94

involuntary urination

Front 95

hemodialysis

Back 95

procedure for removing impurities from the blood bc of an inability of the kidneys to do so

Front 96

incontinence

Back 96

inability to control bladder and/or bowels

Front 97

micurate

Back 97

tor urinate or void

Front 98

peritoneal dialysis

Back 98

procedure for removing toxic wastes when the kidney is unable to do so;

Front 99

stricture

Back 99

abnormal narrowing, such as urethra stricture

Front 100

urinal

Back 100

receptacle for urine

Front 101

urinary catheeterization

Back 101

passage of a catheter into the urinary bladder to withdraw urine

Front 102

urodynamics

Back 102

pertaining to the force and flow of urine within the urinary tract

Front 103

void

Back 103

to empty or evacuate waste material, esp. urine

Front 104

testis/testicles

Back 104

primary male sex organs, paired, oval-shaped and enclosed in a sac (scrotum); produce sperm cells and testosterone

Front 105

sperm, spermatozoon, spermatozoa

Back 105

the microscopic male germ cell

Front 106

testosterone

Back 106

principal male sex hormone; chief function is to stimulate the development of the male reproductive oragns and secondary characteristics

Front 107

seminiferous tubules

Back 107

approx. 900 coiled tubes w/in the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs

Front 108

epididymis

Back 108

coiled duct atop each testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa; continuous w/ vas deferens

Front 109

vas deferens, ductus deferens, or seminal duct

Back 109

duct carrying the sperm from the epididymis to the urethra

Front 110

seminal vesicles

Back 110

two main glands located at the base of the bladder that open into the vas deferens. glands secrete a thich fluid that forms part of the semen