Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Emergency Procedures Mid Term Flashcard Export
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
These questions can be viewed as online flashcards at https://www.flashcardexchange.com
|
|
|
|
You will need to register first (free) then search "Tags" for palmerwestq3
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Question
|
Answer
|
|
|
Basic Emergency Routine and Protocols
|
A.Personal Safety B.Use Universal Precautions C. Confidence, competence, compassion
|
|
|
Personal Safety
|
Survey the scene Environmental Dangers Personal Dangers
|
|
|
Universal Precautions
|
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) a. Double latex gloves b. Eye protection c. Face Mask d. Gown (could be anything) * Wash hands after * cover your mucous membranes and any open wounds
|
|
|
Confidence, competence, compassion
|
Introduce yourself Get consent Ask pt. name Smoothly but swiftly Turn over to paramedics
|
|
|
Emergency history taking mnemonic
|
A SAMPLE Age (gender, race) Symptoms (brief OMPQRT) Allergies Meds (Include OTC) Previous (other) Illness Last Meal Events prior to emergency
|
|
|
Legal mnemonic to keep you out of trouble
|
RISKS Recording Informing Solve problems Keep up (cont. edu) Stay in communication w. pt.
|
|
|
Informed Consent
|
All risks and benefits disclosed to the pt Usually written Pt and Dr sign consent form
|
|
|
Expressed Consent
|
Emergencies only Verbal permission No signature or consent form required
|
|
|
Implied Consent
|
Emergencies only unconscious adults or mentally incompetent people minor unaccompanied by adult assumes patient would give consent and can't respond
|
|
|
Minors consent
|
Under 18 Consent from parent or legal guardian
|
|
|
Refusal of Care
|
Patient refuses care and is mentally competent Expain all risks Calm them down, ask again Still refuse sign something Mentally ill or substance abuser = Grey area → call police
|
|
|
Before getting involved (6)
|
1.Survey the scene 2. PPE 3.Shake/ Shout/ Introduce yourself/ Get consent 4.If no response, call 911. 5.Support / stabalize c-sp 6.Plug major blood loss
|
|
|
ABC DE of Life
|
Airway Breathing Circulation Disability (level of consc) Expose and Examine
|
|
|
Airway Obstruction (causes)
|
tongue (most common) Laryngeal edema (upper airway swollen shut CAN'T CLEAR!) Foreign body
|
|
|
Head tilt/ Chin lift maneuver
|
superior hand is on their forehead inferior hand is under the chin Tilt / lift
|
|
|
How many minutes before brain damage from lack of O2?
|
4-6 min then hypoxia
|
|
|
Breathing key criteria (is the patient breathing?)
|
Look (at chest) Listen (for sounds) Feel (your cheek to their mouth for air) -Check the skin, change in color bluish/purple, sclera (eye), and mucus membrane color
|
|
|
Circulation key criteria (is blood flowing?)
|
- Check carotid pulse (on your side) - In child check brachial pulse
|
|
|
A Carotid pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
60
|
|
|
A femoral pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
70
|
|
|
A brachial pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
70
|
|
|
A radial pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
80
|
|
|
Disability (Level of Consciousness/ LOC)mnemonic
|
AVPU Alert Voice Stimulation Pain Stimulation Unresponsive More letters = worse pt. is
|
|
|
Alert criteria (by 4)
|
1.Person (What is your name?) 2.Place (Where are you?) 3.Time (What time is it?) 4.Situation (What happened) Confused = all right answers but still not fully there
|
|
|
Voice Stimulation criteria
|
becomes partially or fully alert Can move fingers, toes or blink eyes on command
|
|
|
Pain Stimulation criteria
|
sternal rub or shake and shout gets a response moan or groan
|
|
|
Most life threatening fractures
|
1. femur ... 2 L bld internally 2. Posterior clavicle ... cuts subclavian artery
|
|
|
Emergency pulse protocal
|
15 sec X 4 60 - 100 normal 3 fingers - no thumb
|
|
|
Café Coronary
|
dentures + large bites of food + alcohol= choking obstruction of upper airway in a conscious person
|
|
|
palpatory blood pressure protocal
|
- taken when too noisy - Palpate return of pulse as the air bladder is released. - gives systolic only - note as ---/P
|
|
|
Epiglottis in children
|
treacheostomy or swelling of upper airway intubation to treat
|
|
|
American Heart Association ... four links in their chain of survival
|
a.Early access to the emergency response system b.Early CPR c.Early Defibrillation d.Early advanced care
|
|
|
Chest pain with no muscular death
|
angina pectoris occurs if the cardiac artery has temporary vasospasm
|
|
|
heart stops completely
|
cardiac arrest
|
|
|
When the heart may transmit dysfunctional neurological signals resulting in fibrillations
|
Cardiac failure
|
|
|
General difficulty with the heart
|
cardiac compromise
|
|
|
when 1 or more of the cardiac arteries are occluded and can’t deliver blood to the cardiac muscle
|
Heart attack = MI (myocardial infaraction)
|
|
|
Contraindications to CPR
|
-Patient has no pulse -Obvious mortal wounds -Decapitation -Rigor mortis -Obvious signs of death
|
|
|
Complications of CPR
|
-Rib fractures -Sternal fractures -Costochondral separation -Lung and heart contusions -Pneumothorax -Liver lacerations
|
|
|
When to terminate CPR
|
-Patient is resuscitated -Pulse returns -Medics arrives and take over -Patient is declared dead by EEG -Your are 100% tired
|
|
|
Adult CPR motions (after survey > look, listen, and feel)
|
- deliver 2 good breaths - check pulse (carotid) look for signs of circulation - 15 smooth compressions (@ 1/3 depth, 100 cpm) - retilt pt’s head - total of 4 cycles - no pulse, continue CPR breathing every 5 sec
|
|
|
CPR Recovery position
|
- get person off their back - roll to side, take top knee up, one hand under their face. - With air in stomach they will probably vomit.
|
|
|
Child CPR Motions (age 1-8 years old) (after survey > look, listen, and feel)
|
- 2 breaths - check carotid pulse - If pulse but no breathing perform rescue breathing 1 breath every 3 seconds - no pulse do chest compressions 5:1 - may be arm compressions - recheck breathing, and pulse - 911
|
|
|
Basic Emergency Routine and Protocols
|
A.Personal Safety B.Use Universal Precautions C. Confidence, competence, compassion
|
|
|
Personal Safety
|
Survey the scene Environmental Dangers Personal Dangers
|
|
|
Universal Precautions
|
PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) a. Double latex gloves b. Eye protection c. Face Mask d. Gown (could be anything) * Wash hands after * cover your mucous membranes and any open wounds
|
|
|
Confidence, competence, compassion
|
Introduce yourself Get consent Ask pt. name Smoothly but swiftly Turn over to paramedics
|
|
|
Emergency history taking mnemonic
|
A SAMPLE Age (gender, race) Symptoms (brief OMPQRT) Allergies Meds (Include OTC) Previous (other) Illness Last Meal Events prior to emergency
|
|
|
Legal mnemonic to keep you out of trouble
|
RISKS Recording Informing Solve problems Keep up (cont. edu) Stay in communication w. pt.
|
|
|
Informed Consent
|
All risks and benefits disclosed to the pt Usually written Pt and Dr sign consent form
|
|
|
Expressed Consent
|
Emergencies only Verbal permission No signature or consent form required
|
|
|
Implied Consent
|
Emergencies only unconscious adults or mentally incompetent people minor unaccompanied by adult assumes patient would give consent and can't respond
|
|
|
Minors consent
|
Under 18 Consent from parent or legal guardian
|
|
|
Refusal of Care
|
Patient refuses care and is mentally competent Expain all risks Calm them down, ask again Still refuse sign something Mentally ill or substance abuser = Grey area → call police
|
|
|
Before getting involved (6)
|
1.Survey the scene 2. PPE 3.Shake/ Shout/ Introduce yourself/ Get consent 4.If no response, call 911. 5.Support / stabalize c-sp 6.Plug major blood loss
|
|
|
ABC DE of Life
|
Airway Breathing Circulation Disability (level of consc) Expose and Examine
|
|
|
Airway Obstruction (causes)
|
tongue (most common) Laryngeal edema (upper airway swollen shut CAN'T CLEAR!) Foreign body
|
|
|
Head tilt/ Chin lift maneuver
|
superior hand is on their forehead inferior hand is under the chin Tilt / lift
|
|
|
How many minutes before brain damage from lack of O2?
|
4-6 min then hypoxia
|
|
|
Breathing key criteria (is the patient breathing?)
|
Look (at chest) Listen (for sounds) Feel (your cheek to their mouth for air) -Check the skin, change in color bluish/purple, sclera (eye), and mucus membrane color
|
|
|
Circulation key criteria (is blood flowing?)
|
- Check carotid pulse (on your side) - In child check brachial pulse
|
|
|
A Carotid pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
60
|
|
|
A femoral pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
70
|
|
|
A brachial pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
70
|
|
|
A radial pulse represents a presence of a minimum of __ mmHg systolic
|
80
|
|
|
Disability (Level of Consciousness/ LOC)mnemonic
|
AVPU Alert Voice Stimulation Pain Stimulation Unresponsive More letters = worse pt. is
|
|
|
Alert criteria (by 4)
|
1.Person (What is your name?) 2.Place (Where are you?) 3.Time (What time is it?) 4.Situation (What happened) Confused = all right answers but still not fully there
|
|
|
Voice Stimulation criteria
|
becomes partially or fully alert Can move fingers, toes or blink eyes on command
|
|
|
Pain Stimulation criteria
|
sternal rub or shake and shout gets a response moan or groan
|
|
|
Most life threatening fractures
|
1. femur ... 2 L bld internally 2. Posterior clavicle ... cuts subclavian artery
|
|
|
Emergency pulse protocal
|
15 sec X 4 60 - 100 normal 3 fingers - no thumb
|
|
|
Café Coronary
|
dentures + large bites of food + alcohol= choking obstruction of upper airway in a conscious person
|
|
|
palpatory blood pressure protocal
|
- taken when too noisy - Palpate return of pulse as the air bladder is released. - gives systolic only - note as ---/P
|
|
|
Epiglottis in children
|
treacheostomy or swelling of upper airway intubation to treat
|
|
|
American Heart Association ... four links in their chain of survival
|
a.Early access to the emergency response system b.Early CPR c.Early Defibrillation d.Early advanced care
|
|
|
Chest pain with no muscular death
|
angina pectoris occurs if the cardiac artery has temporary vasospasm
|
|
|
heart stops completely
|
cardiac arrest
|
|
|
When the heart may transmit dysfunctional neurological signals resulting in fibrillations
|
Cardiac failure
|
|
|
General difficulty with the heart
|
cardiac compromise
|
|
|
when 1 or more of the cardiac arteries are occluded and can’t deliver blood to the cardiac muscle
|
Heart attack = MI (myocardial infaraction)
|
|
|
Contraindications to CPR
|
-Patient has no pulse -Obvious mortal wounds -Decapitation -Rigor mortis -Obvious signs of death
|
|
|
Complications of CPR
|
-Rib fractures -Sternal fractures -Costochondral separation -Lung and heart contusions -Pneumothorax -Liver lacerations
|
|
|
When to terminate CPR
|
-Patient is resuscitated -Pulse returns -Medics arrives and take over -Patient is declared dead by EEG -Your are 100% tired
|
|
|
Adult CPR motions (after survey > look, listen, and feel)
|
- deliver 2 good breaths - check pulse (carotid) look for signs of circulation - 15 smooth compressions (@ 1/3 depth, 100 cpm) - retilt pt’s head - total of 4 cycles - no pulse, continue CPR breathing every 5 sec
|
|
|
CPR Recovery position
|
- get person off their back - roll to side, take top knee up, one hand under their face. - With air in stomach they will probably vomit.
|
|
|
Child CPR Motions (age 1-8 years old) (after survey > look, listen, and feel)
|
- 2 breaths - check carotid pulse - If pulse but no breathing perform rescue breathing 1 breath every 3 seconds - no pulse do chest compressions 5:1 - may be arm compressions - recheck breathing, and pulse - 911
|
