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6 Cards in this Set
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Mushroom Poisoning: General Information
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With few exceptions, GI symptoms are the first manifestation of mushroom poisoning.
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Mushroom Poisoning: If more than 6hours has elapsed between ingestion & onset of symptoms, one should suspect:
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Amanita species (cyclopeptide)
Gyromitra species Cortinarius species |
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Mushroom Poisoning:
Amanita species |
Cyclopeptides: Amanita phalloides is similar to acetaminophen poisoning, & produces a centrilobular necrosis of the liver. The amatoxin is heat-stabile, & is taken up by hepatocytes & inhibits mRNA synthesis, leading to acute hepatitis & fulminant liver failure.
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Mushroom Poisoning:
Gyromitra species |
Gyromitra species (monomethylhydrazine) causes seizures, methemoglobinemia & hemolytic anemia. It is similar to isoniazid in inhibiting the enzyme pyridoxine phosphokinase that converts pyridoxine to otrudixak 5' phosphate. Both poisoning by monomethylhydrazine and INH require the antidote pyridoxine.
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Mushroom Poisoning:
Cortinarius species |
Cortinarius species (orelline & orellanine) produce renal failure.
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Mushroom Poisoning:
Stages of Clinical Presentation with Cyclopeptides (Amanita phalloides) poisoning |
Stage 1 (6-24 hrs): vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dehydration, tachycardia, hypotension & hyperglycemia
Stage 2(24-48 hours): symptoms improve, but worsening hepatitis & azotemia demonstrated by labs. Stage 3(3-5 days): fulminant hepatic failure, hepatic encephalopathy, coma & death |
