Emergency Care Chapters 1-19

Front 1

Your patient is a 10-year-old boy who suffered a possible fractured arm while rollerblading at a friend's house. Which of the following is the BEST way to obtain consent for treatment?

Back 1

Call the patient's mother at work.

Front 2

Which of the following statements is true concerning the H1N1 Swine Flu?

Back 2

Respiratory droplets are its mode of transmission.

Front 3

Which of the following is another name for an ambulance cot?

Back 3

Wheeled ambulance stretcher

Front 4

After delivering a patient to the emergency department, you discuss with hospital staff the details of your care and ask for suggestions to improve your care. This is an example of your role in which of the following?

Back 4

Quality improvement

Front 5

A family member who keeps pleading with a deceased loved one to "wake up" is experiencing which reaction to death and dying?

Back 5

Denial

Front 6

Which of the following is another name for the squat-lift position?

Back 6

Power lift

Front 7

Which of the following incidents is the EMT legally required to report to law enforcement?

Back 7

Your patient has facial and head injuries and states that her husband beat her with a telephone receiver.

Front 8

Which of the following is a personality trait required of EMTs?

Back 8

Control of personal habits

Front 9

While treating a patient involved in a shooting, which of the following actions may interfere with the investigation of a crime scene?

Back 9

All of the above

Front 10

Which of the following BEST describes body mechanics?

Back 10

Proper use of the body to facilitate lifting and moving objects

Front 11

What is the likely impact of power stretchers on EMS?

Back 11

There will be a decrease in the number of injuries among EMTs

Front 12

Which of the following should you do when reaching for something?

Back 12

All of the above

Front 13

You respond to a 35-year-old male patient who fell 50 feet from a bluff. Your authority to provide emergency care is an extension of the Medical Director's license to practice medicine. You are acting as a(n) _________ of the Medical Director.

Back 13

agent

Front 14

Which of the following devices should be used to carry a patient down the stairs whenever possible?

Back 14

Stair chair

Front 15

Your patient is a 40-year-old known diabetic who was found unconscious at work by a coworker. What type of consent allows you to treat this patient?

Back 15

Implied consent

Front 16

When moving an object across the floor, which of the following is the best technique?

Back 16

Stand behind the object and push it in front of you.

Front 17

Which of the following is NOT required to prove a claim of negligence against an EMT?

Back 17

The patient was in fear of bodily harm at the time of the incident.

Front 18

Which of the following is professionally equivalent to the EMT?

Back 18

None of the above

Front 19

What BEST defines the evaluation of the patient's condition in order to provide emergency care?

Back 19

Patient assessment

Front 20

Which three "Rs" are essential for the EMT to practice when reacting to danger?

Back 20

Retreat, radio, reevaluate

Front 21

Prehospital and emergency in-hospital care together are collectively called the:

Back 21

emergency medical services system

Front 22

How far apart should your hands be when using a power grip?

Back 22

10 inches

Front 23

To be compassionate and empathetic, to be accurate with interviews, and to inspire confidence are all examples of which of the personal traits of a quality EMT?

Back 23

Able to listen to others

Front 24

What level of emergency medical training allows for insertion of endotracheal tubes, IV access, and cardiac defibrillation?

Back 24

Paramedic

Front 25

Healthcare employers are required by law to make hepatitis B ________ available to employees free of charge.

Back 25

vaccine

Front 26

Which of the following refers to learning about changes in EMS practices, new research, or gaining more advanced knowledge to remain current on modern trends in health care?

Back 26

Continuing education

Front 27

Which type of consent must be used by the EMT when seeking to treat a mentally competent adult?

Back 27

Expressed consent

Front 28

What is an accurate statement regarding tuberculosis (TB)?

Back 28

A PPD skin test can detect TB exposure

Front 29

Which of the following is a personal trait an EMT should demonstrate?

Back 29

A self-starter

Front 30

When placing all fingers and the palm in contact with the object being lifted, you are using which of the following?

Back 30

Power grip

Front 31

The term body mechanics describes the proper use of your body to lift without injury. What are the three considerations to review before any lift?

Back 31

The object, your limitations, and communication

Hint 31

Chapters 1-4

Front 32

Which of the following are goals of lifting and moving patients?

Back 32

All of the above

Hint 32

Chapters 1-4

Front 33

During water safety week, you speak to a group of school-age children about the importance of wearing a properly fitting flotation device while boating. This is an example of the EMT being involved with which of the following?

Back 33

Injury prevention

Hint 33

Chapters 1-4

Front 34

What are some positive ways to help deal with stress?

Back 34

Regular physical exercise

Hint 34

Chapters 1-4

Front 35

What is a common term used to describe the items needed for Standard Precautions or body substance isolation precautions?

Back 35

Personal protective equipment

Hint 35

Chapters 1-4

Front 36

You are approaching the scene of a motor vehicle crash. Which of the following would be the first way to safeguard your well-being as an EMT?

Back 36

Ensure scene safety

Hint 36

Chapters 1-4

Front 37

For a patient without a possibility of spinal injury, which of the following carries should be used to move him from a bed to a stretcher?

Back 37

Draw-sheet method

Hint 37

Chapters 1-4

Front 38

Which of the following BEST describes a list of steps the EMT should perform while assessing and managing emergency medical situations?

Back 38

Protocols

Hint 38

Chapters 1-4

Front 39

Which of the following situations BEST illustrates the act of abandonment by the EMT?

Back 39

An EMT transports a patient to the emergency department, leaves the patient in the waiting room, but does not advise the ED staff.

Hint 39

Chapters 1-4

Front 40

What is physician oversight of patient care in the EMS system called?

Back 40

Medical direction

Hint 40

Chapters 1-4

Front 41

When a stretcher with a patient secured to it is elevated, what occurs?

Back 41

The center of gravity is raised and this causes a tip hazard.

Hint 41

Chapters 1-4

Front 42

Which of the following agencies is responsible for establishing EMS system assessment programs?

Back 42

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)

Hint 42

Chapters 1-4

Front 43

What reference provides important information regarding hazardous materials, emergency care, and procedures in case of accidental fire or release; supplies definitions of placard colors and identification numbers; and should be standard issue on-board all ambulances and rescue units?

Back 43

Emergency Response Guidebook

Hint 43

Chapters 1-4

Front 44

The EMT's obligation to provide care to a patient either as a formal or ethical responsibility is known as which of the following?

Back 44

Duty to act

Hint 44

Chapters 1-4

Front 45

Which of the following patients should NOT be transported in a stair chair?

Back 45

A patient with a suspected spinal injury

Hint 45

Chapters 1-4

Front 46

Since EMS personnel are often exposed to both acute and chronic stressors, ________ management may be helpful to cope with on-the-job experiences.

Back 46

critical incident stress

Hint 46

Chapters 1-4

Front 47

You observe a coworker telling a terminal cancer patient and her family, "Everything will be OK." Making false reassurances is considered:

Back 47

naive and uncompassionate.

Hint 47

Chapters 1-4

Front 48

Which of the following descriptions BEST defines the term pathogen?

Back 48

An organism that causes infection and disease

Hint 48

Chapters 1-4

Front 49

When transporting a patient with tuberculosis, a(n) ________ mask should be worn by the EMT and a(n) ________ mask should be worn by the patient.

Back 49

N-95; surgical

Hint 49

Chapters 1-4

Front 50

Which of the following parts of the nervous system is responsible for the "fight or flight" response experienced in response to a stressor?

Back 50

Sympathetic nervous system

Hint 50

Chapters 1-4

Front 51

While transporting a patient to the hospital who has a history of terminal brain cancer, the patient says, "I know I'm going to die, but first I want to see my grandson graduate from high school." What stage of death and dying describes this patient's current condition?

Back 51

Bargaining

Hint 51

Chapters 1-4

Front 52

Which of the following refers to a program or process for evaluating and improving the effectiveness of an EMS system?

Back 52

Quality improvement

Hint 52

Chapters 1-4

Front 53

Which of the following devices is BEST suited for maneuvering a patient through a confined space or narrow hallway?

Back 53

Flexible stretcher

Hint 53

Chapters 1-4

Front 54

Which of the following is a role of the EMT in the quality improvement process?

Back 54

Writing complete patient care reports

Hint 54

Chapters 1-4

Front 55

The EMT is on-scene of a 57-year-old male patient complaining of chest pain; the EMT must contact medical direction on the phone to assist with the patient's nitroglycerin. Contacting medical control for orders is known as which of the following?

Back 55

On-line medical direction

Hint 55

Chapters 1-4

Front 56

Centralized coordination of emergency medical access, transportation, and care most refers to which of the following?

Back 56

Resource management

Hint 56

Chapters 1-4

Front 57

Which of the following pathogens is transmitted through contact with open wounds or sores?

Back 57

Staphylococcus

Hint 57

Chapters 1-4

Front 58

Which of the following has the ultimate responsibility for the patient care aspects of an EMS system?

Back 58

Medical Director

Hint 58

Chapters 1-4

Front 59

The EMT's role in the quality improvement process includes becoming involved in the quality process, keeping carefully written documentation, obtaining feedback from patients and the hospital staff, continuing your education, and which of the following?

Back 59

Maintaining your equipment

Hint 59

Chapters 1-4

Front 60

What is the name of the federal act that mandates a procedure by which emergency healthcare providers can find out if they have been exposed to potentially life-threatening diseases while on the job?

Back 60

The Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resource Emergency Act

Hint 60

Chapters 1-4

Front 61

In which of the following situations is it legal to share information about treatment you provided to a patient?

Back 61

The triage nurse at the emergency department.

Hint 61

Chapters 1-4

Front 62

You respond to a bus accident with multiple patients. As you arrive at the scene, you are approached by a local politician who states that his wife has been involved. He tells you that if you will take care of her first, he will ensure that you get the promotion you are up for. This becomes what type of decision for you as an EMT?

Back 62

Ethical

Hint 62

Chapters 1-4

Front 63

Which of the following groups is credited with developing the earliest documented emergency medical service?

Back 63

The French

Hint 63

Chapters 1-4

Front 64

Why is it important for EMTs to participate in quality improvement programs?

Back 64

To identify problems and develop a plan to prevent their recurrence

Hint 64

Chapters 1-4

Front 65

What is a simple step EMTs can perform to help prevent the spread of flu in the prehospital environment?

Back 65

Place a surgical mask on suspected flu patients.

Hint 65

Chapters 1-4

Front 66

Which of the following devices is BEST suited for maneuvering a patient through a narrow hallway?

Back 66

Flexible stretcher

Hint 66

Chapters 1-4

Front 67

You respond to the report of an unconscious female patient. You can acquire important medical information about the patient through which of the following?

Back 67

Medical identification device

Hint 67

Chapters 1-4

Front 68

An EMT's authority to provide medical care is granted by which of the following?

Back 68

An extension of the Medical Director's license to practice medicine

Hint 68

Chapters 1-4

Front 69

Which of the following should you use when you want to move a patient from a wheelchair to a stretcher?

Back 69

Extremity lift

Hint 69

Chapters 1-4

Front 70

Which of the methods listed below is best described as moving a patient from the floor to a stretcher by having two or more rescuers kneel, curl the patient to their chests, stand, and then reverse the process to place the patient on the stretcher?

Back 70

Direct-ground lift

Hint 70

Chapters 1-4

Front 71

Which of the following behaviors would demonstrate that an EMT understands reactions to death and dying?

Back 71

Being tolerant of angry reactions by patients and family members

Hint 71

Chapters 1-4

Front 72

An interaction with a(n) ________ is a situation that may lead to an acute stress reaction.

Back 72

unpleasant coworker

Hint 72

Chapters 1-4

Front 73

As an EMT, you are asked to participate in a free vaccination clinic. This is an example of the EMT's role in which of the following?

Back 73

Public health

Hint 73

Chapters 1-4

Front 74

Which of the following actions is NOT permitted by an advance directive?

Back 74

Assisted suicide via medication overdose

Hint 74

Chapters 1-4

Front 75

Which of the following is considered a form of off-line medical control?

Back 75

Protocols

Hint 75

Chapters 1-4

Front 76

Which one of these groups is at greatest risk of contracting and transmitting tuberculosis?

Back 76

Immuno-suppressed patients

Hint 76

Chapters 1-4

Front 77

When responding to the scene of a patient who was discovered to be unresponsive, not breathing, and without a pulse, family members state that the patient has been suffering from cancer for several years. One of his sons is cursing at you and your partner, saying that you are not moving fast enough. Which stage of grief is the patient's son experiencing in response to his father's death?

Back 77

Anger

Hint 77

Chapters 1-4

Front 78

Due to the high risk of an unstable work environment, EMTs responding to a motor vehicle crash may consider using _________ in addition to standard PPE.

Back 78

heavy-duty gloves

Hint 78

Chapters 1-4

Front 79

The heart may undergo ________ when required to pump for years against untreated high blood pressure.

Back 79

hypertrophy

Hint 79

Chapters 1-4

Front 80

What has the modern emergency medical services (EMS) system been developed to provide?

Back 80

Prehospital care

Hint 80

Chapters 1-4

Front 81

Which of the following is the correct position of an EMT's feet when lifting?

Back 81

Shoulder-width apart

Hint 81

Chapters 1-4

Front 82

You are dispatched to the staging area of a terrorist-related chemical exposure. The incident commander asks you to stand by while hazmat personnel bring patients to the cold zone. As an EMT on-board an ambulance, what statement BEST describes your role?

Back 82

Transport decontaminated patients

Hint 82

Chapters 1-4

Front 83

An EMT is confronted by an armed gunman who is threatening to kill the EMT and his partner. An elevation in the EMT's heart rate and blood pressure occurs in which stage of the body's response to stress?

Back 83

Alarm reaction stage

Hint 83

Chapters 1-4

Front 84

Which of the following terms is best defined as "a state of physical and/or psychological arousal to a stimulus"?

Back 84

Stress

Hint 84

Chapters 1-4

Front 85

An EMT may consider wearing protective eyewear when caring for which of these patients?

Back 85

A patient who is actively coughing

Hint 85

Chapters 1-4

Front 86

What is the EMT's highest priority at the scene of a hazardous materials incident?

Back 86

Personal safety

Hint 86

Chapters 1-4

Front 87

You respond to a middle school for a 12-year-old male patient who has been hit by a car. You get consent to treat the patient from the school principal. What concept allows the principal to speak for the parents?

Back 87

In loco parentis

Hint 87

Chapters 1-4

Front 88

What are some signs and symptoms that a coworker may be experiencing delayed stress reaction (PTSD)?

Back 88

Flashbacks, nightmares, and feelings of detachment

Hint 88

Chapters 1-4

Front 89

You discover a patient with abdominal bruising after arrival to an assault. The patient has an elevated pulse and respiratory rate, and a low blood pressure. Law enforcement is on-scene, and one of the officers asks if you can wait 15 minutes for a crime scene investigator (CSI) to arrive. He said the CSI needs to photograph the bruising, which will mean valuable evidence if the perpetrator goes to trial. The EMT's primary obligation is to

Back 89

transport the patient immediately.

Hint 89

Chapters 1-4

Front 90

Which of the following BEST describes the purpose of CISD?

Back 90

Reducing psychological trauma

Hint 90

Chapters 1-4

Front 91

You are treating a patient who has a productive cough and who reports weight loss, loss of appetite, weakness, night sweats, and fever. Which of the following diseases is most likely the cause of these signs and symptoms?

Back 91

Tuberculosis

Hint 91

Chapters 1-4

Front 92

You are on the scene with a 72-year-old male patient with chest pain. The patient is complaining of shortness of breath but also refuses to go to the hospital, even after multiple attempts urging him to go. Which of the following should you do next?

Back 92

Fully inform the patient about his situation and the implications of refusing care.

Hint 92

Chapters 1-4

Front 93

In 1966 the National Highway Safety Act charged which of the following agencies with the development of emergency medical service standards?

Back 93

The U.S. Department of Transportation

Hint 93

Chapters 1-4

Front 94

The term burnout is also known as a(n) ________ stress reaction.

Back 94

cumulative

Hint 94

Chapters 1-4

Front 95

Which of the following patients should NOT be transported in a stair chair?

Back 95

All of the above

Hint 95

Chapters 1-4

Front 96

What is the preferred number of rescuers when using a stair chair?

Back 96

Three: two lifting and one spotting

Hint 96

Chapters 1-4

Front 97

Which of the following requires training, policies, and procedures related to storing, accessing, and sharing patient information?

Back 97

HIPAA

Hint 97

Chapters 1-4

Front 98

Which of the following BEST describes a person who speaks up on behalf of the patient and supports his cause?

Back 98

Advocate

Hint 98

Chapters 1-4

Front 99

In which of the following situations should an EMT withhold resuscitative measures from a patient in cardiac arrest?

Back 99

The patient's caregiver presents a DNR order signed by the patient and his physician.

Hint 99

Chapters 1-4

Front 100

All of the following are EMS system components as defined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) EXCEPT:

Back 100

safety and security of EMS personnel.

Hint 100

Chapters 1-4

Front 101

Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up:

Back 101

systems

Hint 101

Chap 5-8

Front 102

The common blood dysfunction that indicates a failure of the body to move oxygen and carbon dioxide is:

Back 102

volume

Hint 102

Chap 5-8

Front 103

Which of the following describes Fowler's position?

Back 103

Sitting upright with the legs straight

Hint 103

Chap 5-8

Front 104

You are ventilating a cardiac arrest patient when he begins to vomit copious amounts of large pieces of undigested food. Which of the following would be most effective in clearing the airway?

Back 104

Using large bore suction tubing without a tip or catheter attached

Hint 104

Chap 5-8

Front 105

What type of muscles control the size of the bronchioles in the lungs?

Back 105

Smooth muscles

Hint 105

Chap 5-8

Front 106

Which of the following is NOT part of the upper extremities?

Back 106

Calcaneus

Hint 106

Chap 5-8

Front 107

What is a patent airway?

Back 107

A term used by EMS practitioners to indicate that the patient has a secured and opened airway necessary for life

Hint 107

Chap 5-8

Front 108

The human body is made up of _____percent water.

Back 108

60

Hint 108

Chap 5-8

Front 109

Which of the following structures BEST describes the makeup of the torso?

Back 109

Thorax and abdomen

Hint 109

Chap 5-8

Front 110

The potential space between the lung and chest wall is called the:

Back 110

pleural space.

Hint 110

Chap 5-8

Front 111

The major organs of the endocrine system are the:

Back 111

kidneys, pancreas, and the brain.

Hint 111

Chap 5-8

Front 112

An infection of the brain is called:

Back 112

encephalitis.

Hint 112

Chap 5-8

Front 113

Patients in late adulthood are likely to face which of the following challenges?

Back 113

Self-worth

Hint 113

Chap 5-8

Front 114

How many milliliters of air are moved during a typical breath?

Back 114

500 mL

Hint 114

Chap 5-8

Front 115

A condition that is caused by a decreased number of red blood cells is called:

Back 115

anemia.

Hint 115

Chap 5-8

Front 116

When you place your finger in an infant's palm, she grasps it with her fingers. This is an example of which reflex?

Back 116

Palmar reflex

Hint 116

Chap 5-8

Front 117

The Trendelenburg position would be used to transport which of the following patients?

Back 117

A patient in shock

Hint 117

Chap 5-8

Front 118

Which of the following is true concerning the procedure for inserting a nasopharyngeal airway?

Back 118

The bevel should be turned toward the nasal septum.

Hint 118

Chap 5-8

Front 119

In the normal drive to breathe, chemoreceptors are stimulated by:

Back 119

high carbon dioxide.

Hint 119

Chap 5-8

Front 120

Which of the following BEST describes the Trendelenburg position?

Back 120

Lying on the back with head lower than the legs

Hint 120

Chap 5-8

Front 121

__________ blood returns to the right side of the heart.

Back 121

Deoxygenated

Hint 121

Chap 5-8

Front 122

Middle adulthood is the stage of life from __ to __ years.

Back 122

41; 60

Hint 122

Chap 5-8

Front 123

Which of the following is the correct method of suctioning?

Back 123

Insert the catheter or tip to the desired depth prior to applying suction.

Hint 123

Chap 5-8

Front 124

Which of the following structures closes over the trachea to protect it during swallowing?

Back 124

Epiglottis

Hint 124

Chap 5-8

Front 125

Without this element, the cell would dehydrate and die.

Back 125

Water

Hint 125

Chap 5-8

Front 126

Which of the following terms describes the heart muscle's ability to generate its own electrical impulses?

Back 126

Automaticity

Hint 126

Chap 5-8

Front 127

The cardiac muscle receives its supply of oxygenated blood by which of the following mechanisms?

Back 127

Coronary arteries that branch off the aorta

Hint 127

Chap 5-8

Front 128

A patient breathing in room air should be receiving _____ percent oxygen.

Back 128

21

Hint 128

Chap 5-8

Front 129

Which of the following should be kept in mind when assessing and managing the airway of a pediatric patient?

Back 129

The trachea is easily obstructed by swelling.

Hint 129

Chap 5-8

Front 130

This type of metabolism occurs when energy is created with a balance of adequate oxygen and nutrients.

Back 130

Aerobic

Hint 130

Chap 5-8

Front 131

What will stroke volume and minute heart rate determine?

Back 131

Cardiac output

Hint 131

Chap 5-8

Front 132

The movement of ions across the cell membrane is needed to accomplish repolarization. What cell structure is used to prepare for depolarization?

Back 132

Sodium potassium pump

Hint 132

Chap 5-8

Front 133

What is the largest bone of the lower leg?

Back 133

Tibia

Hint 133

Chap 5-8

Front 134

On which of the following types of calls should you bring your portable suction unit to the patient's side upon arrival on the scene?

Back 134

All of the above

Hint 134

Chap 5-8

Front 135

Water that is found in the space between cells and blood vessels is called:

Back 135

interstitial

Hint 135

Chap 5-8

Front 136

Which of the following respiratory processes requires the active use of muscles?

Back 136

Inhalation

Hint 136

Chap 5-8

Front 137

Our blood transports oxygen from the lungs to the cells and returns with what byproduct of metabolism?

Back 137

Carbon dioxide

Hint 137

Chap 5-8

Front 138

An artery is a blood vessel that only:

Back 138

carries blood away from the heart.

Hint 138

Chap 5-8

Front 139

What are the small bones that make up the wrist called?

Back 139

Carpals

Hint 139

Chap 5-8

Front 140

Your patient, in whom you have inserted an oropharyngeal airway, is beginning to regain consciousness and develop a gag reflex. Which of the following is the proper way of managing this situation?

Back 140

Turn the patient on her side and remove the airway.

Hint 140

Chap 5-8

Front 141

Which of the following structures protects the lower airway from food, liquids, and other substances?

Back 141

Epiglottis

Hint 141

Chap 5-8

Front 142

Which of the following organs functions as a reservoir for blood that can be used in case of blood loss?

Back 142

Spleen

Hint 142

Chap 5-8

Front 143

Which of the following is the primary function of the stomach?

Back 143

Chemical breakdown of food by acidic secretions

Hint 143

Chap 5-8

Front 144

Which of the following is the feeling infants get when they know all their needs will be met?

Back 144

Bonding

Hint 144

Chap 5-8

Front 145

What is the bone on the thumb side of the forearm?

Back 145

Radius

Hint 145

Chap 5-8

Front 146

Which of the following constituents makes up half of the volume of blood in the body?

Back 146

Plasma

Hint 146

Chap 5-8

Front 147

Certain blood vessels that contain specialized sensors that detect the level of internal pressure and transmit messages to the nervous system, which then triggers the smooth muscle in the vessel walls to make any needed size adjustments, are called:

Back 147

stretch receptors.

Hint 147

Chap 5-8

Front 148

If a hole is created in the chest wall, air could escape or be drawn in, or if bleeding develops within the chest, air and blood can accumulate in the pleural space. This would force the lung to:

Back 148

collapse

Hint 148

Chap 5-8

Front 149

You respond to a patient who is choking. The victim is suffering from the most common of airway obstructions. This would indicate that the problem is in the _______________ airway.

Back 149

upper

Hint 149

Chap 5-8

Front 150

The elbow is ________ to the wrist.

Back 150

proximal

Hint 150

Chap 5-8

Front 151

What is the strongest and most muscular part of the heart?

Back 151

Left ventricle

Hint 151

Chap 5-8

Front 152

What is the name for a balance between the circulatory system and ventilation?

Back 152

V/Q match

Hint 152

Chap 5-8

Front 153

The point at which the trachea divides into the two mainstem bronchi is called the:

Back 153

carina

Hint 153

Chap 5-8

Front 154

The sympathetic nervous response causes which of the following to occur?

Back 154

Breathe faster and deeper, blood vessels to constrict, heart to beat stronger and faster, skin to sweat, pupils to dilate, and skin to become pale

Hint 154

Chap 5-8

Front 155

Which system is responsible for the removal of bi-products of metabolism?

Back 155

Respiratory

Hint 155

Chap 5-8

Front 156

Which of the following patients should NOT have their airway opened using a head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver?

Back 156

A homeless person of undetermined age found lying unresponsive in an alley with no bystanders

Hint 156

Chap 5-8

Front 157

Which of the following structures receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cavae?

Back 157

Right atrium

Hint 157

Chap 5-8

Front 158

The transition from childhood to adulthood is known as which of the following?

Back 158

Adolescent

Hint 158

Chap 5-8

Front 159

Which of the following is an advantage of using a nasopharyngeal airway?

Back 159

It may be tolerated by many patients with a gag reflex

Hint 159

Chap 5-8

Front 160

Which of the following BEST describes the anatomical position?

Back 160

Standing, facing forward, with arms at the side, palms forward

Hint 160

Chap 5-8

Front 161

What condition of immediate concern results from a loss of red blood cells due to hemorrhage?

Back 161

Decreased oxygen delivery to the tissues

Hint 161

Chap 5-8

Front 162

What is the inferior-most portion of the sternum?

Back 162

Xiphoid process

Hint 162

Chap 5-8

Front 163

What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?

Back 163

Anterior

Hint 163

Chap 5-8

Front 164

The metabolism that creates large amounts of carbon dioxide and lactic acid but generates little energy is called:

Back 164

anaerobic

Hint 164

Chap 5-8

Front 165

Which of the following BEST describes the medical condition of shock?

Back 165

A state of inadequate tissue perfusion

Hint 165

Chap 5-8

Front 166

The net result of respiratory challenges is low oxygen, also called _____________ within the body

Back 166

hypoxia

Hint 166

Chap 5-8

Front 167

Stroke volume depends on a series of factors: one is the force the myocardial muscle exerts to move the blood. This is known as:

Back 167

contractility

Hint 167

Chap 5-8

Front 168

The respiratory system moves air in and out; however, to __________ cells, the air that is inhaled must be matched up with the circulatory system.

Back 168

perfuse

Hint 168

Chap 5-8

Front 169

The inside of a person's thigh is also known as its ________ aspect.

Back 169

medial

Hint 169

Chap 5-8

Front 170

At which of the following stages is toilet-training most likely to begin?

Back 170

Toddler

Hint 170

Chap 5-8

Front 171

Production of energy occurs in what part of the cell?

Back 171

Mitochondria

Hint 171

Chap 5-8

Front 172

The process by which glucose and other nutrients are converted into energy is called:

Back 172

metabolism

Hint 172

Chap 5-8

Front 173

What is the correct order of air flow from the nose to the alveoli in the lungs?

Back 173

Nose, nasopharynx, pharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveoli

Hint 173

Chap 5-8

Front 174

Not all inspired air reaches the alveoli; 150 mL is stopped in the airway leading to the alveoli. This is called:

Back 174

dead air space.

Hint 174

Chap 5-8

Front 175

Which of the following is a disadvantage of oropharyngeal airways?

Back 175

They cannot be used in a patient with a gag reflex.

Hint 175

Chap 5-8

Front 176

The cellular structure that is responsible for synthesizing proteins is:

Back 176

endoplasmic reticulum.

Hint 176

Chap 5-8

Front 177

You are assessing a 6-month-old female patient who, according to the parents, is not acting normally. At this stage of development, the patient should be able to do which of the following?

Back 177

Sit upright in a high chair

Hint 177

Chap 5-8

Front 178

What is FiO2 ?

Back 178

The concentration of oxygen in our inhaled air, which is referred to as the fraction of inspired oxygen

Hint 178

Chap 5-8

Front 179

Janie is having difficulty breathing. Her current tidal volume is 350 mL, and she is breathing at 28 times per minute. What would be her minute volume?

Back 179

9,800 mL

Hint 179

Chap 5-8

Front 180

The pressure against the walls of the blood vessels as blood is ejected from the heart and circulates through the body is the ________ blood pressure.

Back 180

systolic

Hint 180

Chap 5-8

Front 181

What is the name of the heart dysfunction caused by an electrical source that causes the heart to beat too fast?

Back 181

Tachycardia

Hint 181

Chap 5-8

Front 182

At which of the following locations could you palpate a malleolus?

Back 182

Ankle

Hint 182

Chap 5-8

Front 183

What are the two most easily injured portions of the spine?

Back 183

Cervical and lumbar

Hint 183

Chap 5-8

Front 184

What is the large, wing-shaped bone on either side of the pelvis?

Back 184

Ilium

Hint 184

Chap 5-8

Front 185

Which of the following BEST describes the location of the mid-axillary line?

Back 185

A line from the center of the armpit, extending vertically down the side of the chest

Hint 185

Chap 5-8

Front 186

The study of how disease affects the functioning of the human body is called:

Back 186

pathophysiology

Hint 186

Chap 5-8

Front 187

What vessel carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs?

Back 187

Pulmonary arteries

Hint 187

Chap 5-8

Front 188

Injuries to the brain and spinal cord, sepsis, and severe allergic reactions can cause what similar cardiovascular problem?

Back 188

Loss of tone

Hint 188

Chap 5-8

Front 189

What do chemoreceptors found in the body and vascular system measure?

Back 189

Low oxygen and high carbon dioxide

Hint 189

Chap 5-8

Front 190

Which of the following is the term used to describe an infant's reaction to his environment?

Back 190

Temperament

Hint 190

Chap 5-8

Front 191

The basic nutrient of the cell and the building block for energy is:

Back 191

glucose

Hint 191

Chap 5-8

Front 192

Patients in which age group tend to be very concerned with body image?

Back 192

Adolescence

Hint 192

Chap 5-8

Front 193

Which of the following are the abdominal regions created by drawing two imaginary lines intersecting at the navel?

Back 193

Abdominal quadrants

Hint 193

Chap 5-8

Front 194

Name the stroke volume factor that is a function of systemic vascular resistance that requires the heart to exert the pumping force it must overcome.

Back 194

Afterload

Hint 194

Chap 5-8

Front 195

Which organ secretes insulin after a person eats a large meal?

Back 195

Pancreas

Hint 195

Chap 5-8

Front 196

To be effective, a suction unit must be able to generate air flow of ________ liters per minute and create a vacuum of ________ mmHg.

Back 196

30; 300

Hint 196

Chap 5-8

Front 197

Which of the following describes the path blood takes as it leaves the heart and then returns?

Back 197

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

Hint 197

Chap 5-8

Front 198

The seat of respiratory control is found in the:

Back 198

medulla oblongata.

Hint 198

Chap 5-8

Front 199

Which of the following describes the midline of the body?

Back 199

An imaginary line dividing the body into equal right and left halves

Hint 199

Chap 5-8

Front 200

The two major portions of the skull are the:

Back 200

cranium and face.

Hint 200

Chap 5-8

Front 201

Your patient is a 4-year-old male who was struck by a vehicle and is now unresponsive with an obvious head injury. As you are ventilating him with a bag-valve-mask device, you detect increasing resistance to ventilation. Which of the following should you do?

Back 201

Check your rate of ventilation

Hint 201

Chaps 9-13

Front 202

What is the percentage of oxygen provided by connecting a high flow of oxygen to the oxygen inlet found on a pocket mask?

Back 202

50 percent

Hint 202

Chaps 9-13

Front 203

Recording and documenting your patient's first set of vital signs is very important because, when combined with reassessments, it allows you to do which of the following?

Back 203

Discover trends and changes in the patient's condition.

Hint 203

Chaps 9-13

Front 204

Why does a patient involved in an auto crash who has major internal abdominal injuries require oxygen to maintain internal respiration?

Back 204

A lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability.

Hint 204

Chaps 9-13

Front 205

Where should the EMT assess for injury when caring for a patient who had a two-story fall and landed square on his feet?

Back 205

All of the above

Hint 205

Chaps 9-13

Front 206

Your patient has pain to his left arm with obvious discoloration of the skin. What type of assessment is called for in this situation?

Back 206

Focused exam

Hint 206

Chaps 9-13

Front 207

Which of the following refers to the steps taken to assess and treat any life-threatening problems?

Back 207

All of the above

Hint 207

Chaps 9-13

Front 208

What is the sound or feel of broken bones rubbing against each other called?

Back 208

Crepitation

Hint 208

Chaps 9-13

Front 209

Which of the following is the BEST description of inadequate breathing?

Back 209

The minute volume is less than normal.

Hint 209

Chaps 9-13

Front 210

A patient with a significant mechanism of injury needs a physical exam performed quickly. What type of assessment is this called?

Back 210

Rapid trauma assessment

Hint 210

Chaps 9-13

Front 211

A patient with a pulse rate of 120 beats per minute is considered which of the following?

Back 211

Tachycardic

Hint 211

Chaps 9-13

Front 212

In EMS, which of the following BEST describes the term intervention?

Back 212

Taking steps to correct a problem

Hint 212

Chaps 9-13

Front 213

Slight movement of the chest during respiration is usually indicative of which of the following?

Back 213

Shallow breathing

Hint 213

Chaps 9-13

Front 214

Which of the following is NOT assessed during the "Breathing" phase of the primary assessment?

Back 214

Obtaining a pulse oximetry reading

Hint 214

Chaps 9-13

Front 215

You are assessing a 21-year-old female who was assaulted by an unknown person. She is complaining of abdominal pain. As you perform a rapid assessment of her abdomen, you should check for all of the following EXCEPT:

Back 215

bowel sounds

Hint 215

Chaps 9-13

Front 216

Which of the following statements regarding treatment of the injured child is TRUE?

Back 216

Which of the following statements regarding treatment of the injured child is TRUE?

Hint 216

Chaps 9-13

Front 217

The safe residual for an oxygen cylinder is ________ psi.

Back 217

200

Hint 217

Chaps 9-13

Front 218

Your patient is a 45-year-old female who complains of "twisting her ankle" when she slipped on a patch of ice. Which of the following is NOT appropriate?

Back 218

A detailed physical exam

Hint 218

Chaps 9-13

Front 219

Which of the following BEST describes an EMS provider's "sixth sense"?

Back 219

Clinical judgment

Hint 219

Chaps 9-13

Front 220

As you arrive at the scene of a house fire, a very upset man screams at you to help his young son, who is trapped under a piece of burning wood on the ground. Which of the following should you do first?

Back 220

Size-up the scene before acting.

Hint 220

Chaps 9-13

Front 221

The EMT should reassess the vital signs of an unstable patient every ________ minutes.

Back 221

5

Hint 221

Chaps 9-13

Front 222

The device that some EMS services use to measure oxygen saturation (SpO2) is called

Back 222

pulse oximeter.

Hint 222

Chaps 9-13

Front 223

Which of the following is the most reliable means of determining whether a patient has any immediately life-threatening conditions?

Back 223

A systematic approach to assessment

Hint 223

Chaps 9-13

Front 224

Which of the following is the purpose of the primary assessment?

Back 224

To detect and treat immediately life-threatening problems

Hint 224

Chaps 9-13

Front 225

Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected from his vehicle due to striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do first?

Back 225

Use a bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen.

Hint 225

Chaps 9-13

Front 226

At what point is the scene size-up complete?

Back 226

At the end of the call

Hint 226

Chaps 9-13

Front 227

The term cyanosis is used when the patient's skin color is noted to be which of the following characteristics?

Back 227

Blue-gray

Hint 227

Chaps 9-13

Front 228

A(n) _______________ set of vital signs is important for critical decision making for the EMT.

Back 228

accurate

Hint 228

Chaps 9-13

Front 229

Concerning the use of humidified oxygen, which of the following is true?

Back 229

It is not of great benefit during short transports, but can make the patient more comfortable.

Hint 229

Chaps 9-13

Front 230

When checking breath sounds in a trauma patient, what should the EMT assess for first?

Back 230

Presence and equality

Hint 230

Chaps 9-13

Front 231

Why is knowing the patient skin temperature important?

Back 231

It can provide information about the patient's circulation.

Hint 231

Chaps 9-13

Front 232

Before applying a nonrebreather mask, the EMT should take what action?

Back 232

Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration.

Hint 232

Chaps 9-13

Front 233

When should the EMT evaluate the need for Standard Precautions?

Back 233

An evaluation should be made throughout the call.

Hint 233

Chaps 9-13

Front 234

In which of the following situations should the EMT consult the North American Emergency Response Guidebook?

Back 234

A chlorine gas leak at a public swimming pool

Hint 234

Chaps 9-13

Front 235

What are the signs of hypoxia?

Back 235

Commonly seen as blue or gray skin, deterioration of patient's mental status like confusion or restlessness

Hint 235

Chaps 9-13

Front 236

Why is inhalation described as an active process?

Back 236

It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to move, creating a negative pressure.

Hint 236

Chaps 9-13

Front 237

If capillary refill is assessed in a child patient, how long should it take the normal pink color to return to the nail bed?

Back 237

2 seconds

Hint 237

Chaps 9-13

Front 238

An injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissue is known as which of the following?

Back 238

Penetrating trauma

Hint 238

Chaps 9-13

Front 239

A crackling or crunching sensation that is felt when air escapes from its normal passageways and is trapped under the skin is called:

Back 239

subcutaneous emphysema.

Hint 239

Chaps 9-13

Front 240

A patient (who had previously been responding to your detailed questions) stops responding. What should you do next?

Back 240

Repeat the primary assessment

Hint 240

Chaps 9-13

Front 241

Which of the following is an appropriate method to use when attempting to gauge a 6-month-old infant's mental status?

Back 241

Flick the heel of the infant.

Hint 241

Chaps 9-13

Front 242

Your 68-year-old patient is suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); this condition can cause gas exchange interruption by what process?

Back 242

It limits the alveoli's capability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide because the alveoli itself is not working.

Hint 242

Chaps 9-13

Front 243

Which of the following is acceptable for maintaining a seal between an oxygen cylinder and regulator?

Back 243

A flexible gasket

Hint 243

Chaps 9-13

Front 244

Using the acronym SAMPLE, what does the A refer to?

Back 244

Allergies

Hint 244

Chaps 9-13

Front 245

What does distention refer to when describing your patient's abdomen?

Back 245

Larger than normal

Hint 245

Chaps 9-13

Front 246

The process of air moving in and out of the chest is called:

Back 246

ventilation.

Hint 246

Chaps 9-13

Front 247

You are treating a 59-year-old man who was severely beaten during a mugging. His respirations are inadequate and you notice he has a stoma. Which of the following is the next step in his management?

Back 247

Ventilate the patient through the stoma using a bag-valve mask

Hint 247

Chaps 9-13

Front 248

Upon assessment of your patient, you notice that he has cool, sweaty skin. This finding is best described as which of the following?

Back 248

A sign

Hint 248

Chaps 9-13

Front 249

If a patient complains of abdominal pain localized to a specific area of the abdomen, which of the following techniques should be used to assess the abdomen?

Back 249

Palpate the painful area last.

Hint 249

Chaps 9-13

Front 250

Which of the following represents the correct order of assessment for the EMT during the primary assessment from start to end?

Back 250

General impression, mental status, airway, breathing, circulation, patient priority

Hint 250

Chaps 9-13

Front 251

What is the BEST technique to use when assessing an infant's mental status?

Back 251

Talk to him

Hint 251

Chaps 9-13

Front 252

Which of the following statements BEST describes the exchange of gas in the alveoli?

Back 252

Air moves into the alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary capillaries, and diffusion occurs

Hint 252

Chaps 9-13

Front 253

Which of the following differences should be expected when assessing a pediatric patient, as compared to the adult patient?

Back 253

The normal respiratory rate is faster.

Hint 253

Chaps 9-13

Front 254

Where do baseline vital signs fit into the sequence of patient assessment?

Back 254

In the secondary assessment

Hint 254

Chaps 9-13

Front 255

You should have a keen awareness that there may be injuries based on your scene size-up. This is known as which of the following?

Back 255

Index of suspicion

Hint 255

Chaps 9-13

Front 256

When the heart contracts and forces blood into the arteries, the pressure created is known as the:

Back 256

systolic blood pressure

Hint 256

Chaps 9-13

Front 257

To calculate the minute volume, you need to multiply what two measurements?

Back 257

Tidal volume and respiratory rate

Hint 257

Chaps 9-13

Front 258

Which of the following statements concerning the application of a cervical collar is true?

Back 258

An improperly sized cervical collar may obstruct the airway

Hint 258

Chaps 9-13

Front 259

Your patient is a 42-year-old woman who fell a couple of feet from a ladder and is complaining of pain in her ankle. Which of the following are you unable to determine from the information given?

Back 259

Transport priority

Hint 259

Chaps 9-13

Front 260

What signs and symptoms would indicate inadequate breathing in a patient?

Back 260

Increased effort to breathe, cyanosis, cool clammy skin, altered mental status

Hint 260

Chaps 9-13

Front 261

In the primary assessment, which of the following is NOT an acceptable method of assessing the patient's circulatory status?

Back 261

Taking a blood pressure reading

Hint 261

Chaps 9-13

Front 262

Which of the following techniques of physical examination must an EMT master?

Back 262

Inspection, palpation, and auscultation

Hint 262

Chaps 9-13

Front 263

Which of the following is NOT part of the general impression?

Back 263

The patient's past medical history

Hint 263

Chaps 9-13

Front 264

Which of the following is NOT performed during the "Airway" phase of the primary assessment?

Back 264

Obtaining the respiratory rate

Hint 264

Chaps 9-13

Front 265

In assessing a patient's breathing, what is your first question?

Back 265

Are they breathing?

Hint 265

Chaps 9-13

Front 266

Which of the following is true concerning the primary assessment?

Back 266

The primary assessment begins by just observing the patient as you enter the room.

Hint 266

Chaps 9-13

Front 267

What category would include a patient with a blood pressure of 134/84 mmHg?

Back 267

Prehypertension

Hint 267

Chaps 9-13

Front 268

What is the normal response of the pupils when exposed to light?

Back 268

Constriction

Hint 268

Chaps 9-13

Front 269

The normal stimulus to breathe is stimulated by the chemoreceptors that measure the change of what two gases?

Back 269

High carbon dioxide and low oxygen

Hint 269

Chaps 9-13

Front 270

What is a normal capillary refill time in a pediatric patient?

Back 270

2 seconds

Hint 270

Chaps 9-13

Front 271

You have arrived on the scene at a high school football field where a 17-year-old male is lying on the ground. He is unresponsive and cyanotic, and he is making obvious respiratory effort without moving adequate amounts of air. Which of the following should be done first?

Back 271

Open the patient's airway using a manual maneuver.

Hint 271

Chaps 9-13

Front 272

While approaching an emergency scene, the EMT should use which of the following to detect hazards at or near the scene?

Back 272

All of the above

Hint 272

Chaps 9-13

Front 273

The ambulance is called for an assaulted patient. While transporting the patient to the hospital, the EMT notes the patient's jugular veins are flat (nondistended). Which of these is most likely the cause of this finding?

Back 273

Blood loss

Hint 273

Chaps 9-13

Front 274

Which of the following is NOT a consideration that should be used by the EMT in establishing the size of the danger zone?

Back 274

The amount of equipment needed

Hint 274

Chaps 9-13

Front 275

Your patient is warm, dry, and pink and denies shortness of breath. Which of the following should the EMT expect to find when evaluating the patient's oxygen saturation?

Back 275

98 percent

Hint 275

Chaps 9-13

Front 276

For which of the following patients would capillary refill be a reliable sign of circulatory status?

Back 276

A 3-year-old child with a fever and cough

Hint 276

Chaps 9-13

Front 277

Your patient was involved in a high-speed vehicle collision. The patient is not entrapped, but he is a high priority for transport due to suspected internal bleeding. The trauma center is 15 minutes away, and an ALS response unit is 10 minutes away. Which of the following is the BEST transport decision?

Back 277

Transport the patient to the hospital.

Hint 277

Chaps 9-13

Front 278

Yellow skin color is known as:

Back 278

jaundiced

Hint 278

Chaps 9-13

Front 279

You are transporting a 44-year-old female with chest pain and sudden respiratory distress. She is agitated, anxious, and refuses to have a nonrebreather mask applied. Which of the following is the best option?

Back 279

Use a nasal cannula instead

Hint 279

Chaps 9-13

Front 280

The oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed ________ liters per minute.

Back 280

6

Hint 280

Chaps 9-13

Front 281

As you approach the scene of a motorcycle accident, you see an EMR trying to stop the bleeding on the patient's left arm. What Standard Precautions are needed?

Back 281

Gloves and eye protection

Hint 281

Chaps 9-13

Front 282

In medical terms, bruises are known as which of the following?

Back 282

Contusion

Hint 282

Chaps 9-13

Front 283

Breathing sounds that should concern the EMT are:

Back 283

snoring, gurgling, wheezing, and crowing.

Hint 283

Chaps 9-13

Front 284

Which of the following is NOT determined in a scene size-up?

Back 284

Chief complaint

Hint 284

Chaps 9-13

Front 285

Which of the following is completed first during the primary assessment?

Back 285

Forming a general impression

Hint 285

Chaps 9-13

Front 286

What law of physics explains why a patient's liver can be injured from the impact of his car with a tree?

Back 286

The law of inertia

Hint 286

Chaps 9-13

Front 287

The abbreviation mmHg indicates that the blood pressure is measured by which of the following comparisons?

Back 287

Millimeters of mercury

Hint 287

Chaps 9-13

Front 288

In a conscious adult patient, which of the following pulses should be assessed initially?

Back 288

Radial

Hint 288

Chaps 9-13

Front 289

What is the pressure remaining in the arteries after the pulse wave has passed through?

Back 289

Diastolic blood pressure

Hint 289

Chaps 9-13

Front 290

At which of the following points should you begin your scene size-up?

Back 290

As you approach the scene in the ambulance

Hint 290

Chaps 9-13

Front 291

You are assessing a 55-year-old male complaining of chest pain and have determined that his radial pulse is barely palpable. You also determine that there were 20 pulsations over a span of 30 seconds. Based on this, how would you report this patient's pulse?

Back 291

Pulse 40 and weak

Hint 291

Chaps 9-13

Front 292

Which of the following describes why fast respiration may decrease minute volume?

Back 292

The lungs may not have the time to fill and exchange gas

Hint 292

Chaps 9-13

Front 293

The first set of vital signs obtained are often referred to as which of the following?

Back 293

Baseline vital signs

Hint 293

Chaps 9-13

Front 294

Which of the following situations requires action by the EMT during scene size-up?

Back 294

All of the above

Hint 294

Chaps 9-13

Front 295

In EMS, what does mental status refer to?

Back 295

The patient's level of awareness of his surroundings

Hint 295

Chaps 9-13

Front 296

The mnemonic AVPU is used to evaluate which of the following?

Back 296

The patient's level of responsiveness

Hint 296

Chaps 9-13

Front 297

A 28-year-old male has been stabbed in the chest with a hunting knife. As you perform your primary survey, you see that air is escaping from the wound. What is the reason for this?

Back 297

When the mechanics of breathing are disrupted, a negative pressure cannot be created to pull air through the normal air passages and air is sucked through the wound.

Hint 297

Chaps 9-13

Front 298

Which of the following BEST describes the proper placement of the blood pressure cuff?

Back 298

Covering two-thirds of the upper arm

Hint 298

Chaps 9-13

Front 299

When does respiratory distress change to respiratory failure?

Back 299

When the respiratory challenge continues, the systems cannot keep up with the demand, and skin color and mental status change.

Hint 299

Chaps 9-13

Front 300

You arrive to find a child in his mother's arms. As you approach, you notice the child's skin is pale with dark spots of cyanosis. You would report this uncommon condition of blotchy skin as:

Back 300

mottled

Hint 300

Chaps 9-13

Front 301

Which of the following devices is used by patients with respiratory problems to assist with the delivery of medication from an inhaler to the lungs?

Back 301

An AeroChamber

Hint 301

Chap 19

Front 302

You are treating a 68-year-old female with difficulty breathing and you want to apply CPAP. How many centimeters of water would you start your treatment with?

Back 302

Follow local protocol

Hint 302

Chap 19

Front 303

Which of the following is a benefit of using small-volume nebulizers for the treatment of respiratory problems?

Back 303

They allow greater exposure of the patient's lungs to the medication

Hint 303

Chap 19

Front 304

In which of the following circumstances is medical control necessary when assisting a patient with the use of a prescribed inhaler?

Back 304

Medical control is necessary in all situations in which an EMT assists with a prescribed inhaler.

Hint 304

Chap 19

Front 305

Which of the following sounds may be heard in lower respiratory obstruction?

Back 305

Wheezing

Hint 305

Chap 19

Front 306

While assessing the airway of a pediatric patient, you will notice that it is different than that of an adult. Which of the following is one of those differences?

Back 306

The trachea is smaller, softer, and more flexible, allowing it to be more easily obstructed.

Hint 306

Chap 19

Front 307

Your 6 year-old patient has a fever, is drooling, complaining of a sore throat and pain on swallowing. Which of the following conditions is most likely causing the patient's distress?

Back 307

Epiglottitis

Hint 307

Chap 19

Front 308

Which of the following is a prescribed medication used in an inhaled form for the emergency treatment of respiratory problems?

Back 308

Albuterol

Hint 308

Chap 19

Front 309

You are first on the scene of a 61-year-old female in need of assistance with her respirations. You have a pocket mask with supplemental oxygen. How can you determine that your artificial ventilation is effective?

Back 309

You assure oxygen is being delivered at 15 liters per minute.

Hint 309

Chap 19

Front 310

Which of the following respiratory rates is considered an abnormal respiratory rate for an adult?

Back 310

8 breaths/min

Hint 310

Chap 19

Front 311

Which of the following respiratory rates should be cause for alarm in a 2-month-old child?

Back 311

16 breaths/min

Hint 311

Chap 19

Front 312

Which of the following is TRUE concerning expiration?

Back 312

The diaphragm moves upward.

Hint 312

Chap 19

Front 313

Which of the following BEST defines inadequate breathing?

Back 313

Breathing that is insufficient to sustain life

Hint 313

Chap 19

Front 314

When the lung collapses without injury or any other cause, it is called which of the following?

Back 314

Spontaneous pneumothorax

Hint 314

Chap 19

Front 315

Which of the following signs of inadequate breathing is more prominent in children than in adults?

Back 315

All of the above

Hint 315

Chap 19

Front 316

Which breath sound is the EMT most likely to hear when caring for an adult with a partial airway obstruction?

Back 316

Stridor

Hint 316

Chap 19

Front 317

Which of the following observations indicate that your patient may have overused his prescription inhaler?

Back 317

Nervousness

Hint 317

Chap 19

Front 318

Which of the following is the primary cause of COPD?

Back 318

Cigarette smoking

Hint 318

Chap 19

Front 319

Which of the following is a possible side effect of a prescribed inhaler for respiratory problems?

Back 319

Tremors

Hint 319

Chap 19

Front 320

Which of the following patients does not necessarily have inadequate breathing?

Back 320

A patient with an irregular respiratory rhythm

Hint 320

Chap 19

Front 321

Which of the following may be seen just prior to respiratory arrest?

Back 321

Agonal respirations

Hint 321

Chap 19

Front 322

A patient who has shallow, slow, irregular gasping breaths is said to have ________ respirations

Back 322

agonal

Hint 322

Chap 19

Front 323

When should the EMT most likely expect to hear wheezes in a patient complaining of shortness of breath secondary to an asthma attack?

Back 323

While breathing out

Hint 323

Chap 19

Front 324

When ventilating a child with inadequate respirations, which of the following is the maximum rate at which artificial respirations should be delivered?

Back 324

20 per minute

Hint 324

Chap 19

Front 325

Which of the following medications is indicated in the treatment of a 52-year-old male with difficulty breathing and a history of emphysema?

Back 325

Proventil

Hint 325

Chap 19

Front 326

When you give a patient the epinephrine auto-injector they develop symptoms of anxiety: dizziness, headache, nausea, nervousness, paleness, sweating, tremors, vomiting, and weakness. These symptoms are considered:

Back 326

side effects

Hint 326

Chap 18

Front 327

Which of the following should you anticipate when giving nitroglycerin to a patient?

Back 327

All of the above

Hint 327

Chap 18

Front 328

Why should EMTs study pharmacology?

Back 328

As an EMT, you will be trusted to administer medications in emergency situations; many of these may be lifesaving, but there is potential to do harm.

Hint 328

Chap 18

Front 329

Which of the following describes the sublingual route of medication administration?

Back 329

The medication is placed under the tongue.

Hint 329

Chap 18

Front 330

What are the names given to each medication listed in the U.S. Pharmacopoeia?

Back 330

Trade, chemical, and generic

Hint 330

Chap 18

Front 331

What medication is given when a patient suffers from a medical or traumatic condition called hypoxia?

Back 331

Oxygen

Hint 331

Chap 18

Front 332

How is activated charcoal supplied for use in emergency situations?

Back 332

As a powder, which is premixed with water

Hint 332

Chap 18

Front 333

A drug's form refers to which of the following?

Back 333

Its physical state, such as powder, liquid, or gas

Hint 333

Chap 18

Front 334

Per protocol, you have assisted a patient in using her medication inhaler. Which of the following must be documented?

Back 334

The patient's response to the medication

Hint 334

Chap 18

Front 335

Which of the following BEST describes a contraindication to a medication?

Back 335

A reason why you should avoid giving a medication to a patient

Hint 335

Chap 18

Front 336

Which of the following is an example of a medication's trade name?

Back 336

Nitrostat

Hint 336

Chap 18

Front 337

A serious negative interaction for giving Nitrostat is a drug interaction with what medications?

Back 337

Medication for erectile dysfunction

Hint 337

Chap 18

Front 338

Which of the following instructions should you give to a patient whom you are about to assist with administering epinephrine?

Back 338

I am going to inject medication into your thigh.

Hint 338

Chap 18

Front 339

What is the indication for giving an epinephrine auto-injector in a life-threatening allergic reaction?

Back 339

It will help constrict the patient's blood vessels and relax the airway passages.

Hint 339

Chap 18

Front 340

Which of the following is a complete list of the medications an EMT can assist the patient in taking or administer under the direction of the Medical Director?

Back 340

Aspirin, oral glucose, oxygen, prescribed bronchodilator inhalers, nitroglycerin, and epinephrine auto-injectors

Hint 340

Chap 18

Front 341

Nitroglycerin (Nitro) is used for patients with recurrent chest pain or a history of heart attack. Nitro is supplied in what two ways?

Back 341

Pills and spray

Hint 341

Chap 18

Front 342

Which of the following is often prescribed for a patient with a heart condition?

Back 342

Nitroglycerin

Hint 342

Chap 18

Front 343

The symptoms or circumstances for which a medication is given are called:

Back 343

indications

Hint 343

Chap 18

Front 344

The epinephrine auto-injector is given via the _______________ route.

Back 344

parenteral

Hint 344

Chap 18

Front 345

When you give patients nitroglycerin, they sometimes develop a headache. This would be called a:

Back 345

side effect

Hint 345

Chap 18

Front 346

What condition must be present before you give oral glucose?

Back 346

The patient must be conscious and able to swallow.

Hint 346

Chap 18

Front 347

What is the first medication that should be administered to a patient experiencing chest pain with difficulty breathing?

Back 347

Oxygen

Hint 347

Chap 18

Front 348

Choose the correct completion to this statement regarding IV administration: This route is used to administer medication into the body directly or through the bloodstream and is:

Back 348

beyond the scope of the EMT level.

Hint 348

Chap 18

Front 349

The EMT, after administering any medication, must do which of the following?

Back 349

Document the administration, reassess the patient, and report to the receiving facility.

Hint 349

Chap 18

Front 350

Which of the following is a potential side effect of nitroglycerin?

Back 350

Decreased blood pressure

Hint 350

Chap 18

Front 351

An EMT who writes an untrue statement about a patient that damages that patient's reputation can be sued by the patient for:

Back 351

libel

Hint 351

Chap 17

Front 352

Which of the following is the most common situation in which an EMT may be liable?

Back 352

Patient refusal of treatment and transport

Hint 352

Chap 17

Front 353

You are attempting to place a nonrebreather mask on a patient who is experiencing difficulty breathing. The patient is anxious and does not want the mask on his face. Which of the following is the BEST course of action?

Back 353

Explain the importance of oxygen and ask the patient to at least try to leave the mask on, but that if he can't tolerate it you can try another method.

Hint 353

Chap 17

Front 354

Your patient is a 43-year-old woman with chest pain. You have asked for an ALS unit to be dispatched to your location. While en route, the ALS unit calls you for a report. Which information is most important to the ALS unit at this time?

Back 354

The patient's level of consciousness and chief complaint

Hint 354

Chap 17

Front 355

Which of the following is NOT an appropriate statement for the EMT to make on a patient care report?

Back 355

The patient was having an asthma attack

Hint 355

Chap 17

Front 356

You have an urgent transmission you need to make to the dispatch center. Which of the following is the appropriate way to communicate this?

Back 356

Listen to the frequency first to avoid stepping on another transmission.

Hint 356

Chap 17

Front 357

Which of the following BEST describes a mobile radio?

Back 357

A two-way radio that is mounted in a vehicle

Hint 357

Chap 17

Front 358

The portion of the patient care report in which the EMT writes his description of the patient's presentation, assessment findings, treatment, and transport information is called the:

Back 358

narrative

Hint 358

Chap 17

Front 359

Which of the following is NOT part of a medical radio report?

Back 359

Address at which the patient was located

Hint 359

Chap 17

Front 360

Which of the following information on a patient care report is NOT considered run data?

Back 360

Chief complaint

Hint 360

Chap 17

Front 361

You have received an order from medical direction that you feel would be detrimental to your patient. Which of the following should you do?

Back 361

Politely question the physician

Hint 361

Chap 17

Front 362

When giving a radio report to the hospital, which of the following should be stated first?

Back 362

The patient is a 55-year-old male.

Hint 362

Chap 17

Front 363

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requires ambulance services to do all of the following EXCEPT:

Back 363

All of the above are required by HIPAA.

Hint 363

Chap 17

Front 364

Which of the following is appropriate when communicating patient information to the hospital?

Back 364

Avoid information that does not assist the emergency department in preparing to receive the patient.

Hint 364

Chap 17

Front 365

An objective statement made in a prehospital patient care report meets all of the following criteria EXCEPT which one?

Back 365

Biased

Hint 365

Chap 17

Front 366

Which of the following BEST describes the position you should take when dealing with a cooperative patient who is sitting in a chair?

Back 366

Sit or kneel at the same level as the patient.

Hint 366

Chap 17

Front 367

Which of the following is true regarding cell phones and their use in an EMS system?

Back 367

Cell phones do not always provide dependable coverage areas for EMS systems.

Hint 367

Chap 17

Front 368

Which of the following does NOT need to be documented regarding a patient refusal of treatment?

Back 368

Any insulting remarks the patient made to you

Hint 368

Chap 17

Front 369

Which of the following information does NOT need to be provided to the dispatcher?

Back 369

Estimated time of arrival at the hospital

Hint 369

Chap 17

Front 370

You are on the scene of an adult male in cardiac arrest. The patient's wife is upset and is asking you if her husband is going to be okay. How should you answer the patient's wife?

Back 370

"Your husband's heart has stopped. We're doing everything we can."

Hint 370

Chap 17

Front 371

Which of the following is NOT an objective element of documented patient information?

Back 371

Patient's complaint of nausea

Hint 371

Chap 17

Front 372

Which of the following BEST describes a base station?

Back 372

A two-way radio at a fixed site

Hint 372

Chap 17

Front 373

Which of the following is NOT a reason for routine review of patient care reports in a quality improvement program?

Back 373

Satisfy requirements of the shift supervisor

Hint 373

Chap 17

Front 374

Which of the following should be documented as subjective patient information?

Back 374

Symptoms

Hint 374

Chap 17

Front 375

Which of the following BEST describes the importance of effective communication of patient information in the verbal report?

Back 375

All of the above

Hint 375

Chap 17

Front 376

Which of the following is essential when forming an EMS diagnosis?

Back 376

Critical thinking

Hint 376

Chap 16

Front 377

During your treatment of a patient complaining of crushing chest pain and shortness of breath, you have assessed for immediate life threats, performed a patient assessment, and considered the most serious conditions associated with the patient's condition. What is the next step in reaching a diagnosis?

Back 377

Develop a differential diagnosis.

Hint 377

Chap 16

Front 378

While assessing a patient with chest pain, you ask him to describe the pain in his chest and he responds by stating that it is a "tearing pain." Which of the following terms describes this discovery?

Back 378

Red flag

Hint 378

Chap 16

Front 379

While forming a diagnosis, both the EMT and the emergency physician follow which process?

Back 379

Both know time is of the essence.

Hint 379

Chap 16

Front 380

An analytical process that can help a person think through a problem in an organized and efficient manner is known as which of the following?

Back 380

Critical thinking

Hint 380

Chap 16

Front 381

While assessing a patient involved in a motor vehicle collision, the EMT must constantly consider which of the following?

Back 381

Scene safety

Hint 381

Chap 16

Front 382

A list of potential diagnoses compiled early in the patient's assessment is known as which of the following?

Back 382

Differential diagnosis

Hint 382

Chap 16

Front 383

The process by which an EMT forms a field diagnosis is known as:

Back 383

critical thinking

Hint 383

Chap 16

Front 384

As you assess a patient found outside a local bar, a large crowd is gathering. While developing a diagnosis, some steps may need to be abbreviated or limited due to which of the following?

Back 384

All of the above

Hint 384

Chap 16

Front 385

The traditional approach to diagnosis in medicine is patient assessment, list of possible causes, further evaluation, consideration of the results of the evaluation, and which of the following?

Back 385

Narrow the list of causes

Hint 385

Chap 16

Front 386

While an EMT forms a field diagnosis on the scene of an emergency, how do the steps differ from the traditional approach to diagnosis?

Back 386

The EMT must rule in or out the most serious conditions associated with the patient's presentation.

Hint 386

Chap 16

Front 387

An EMT's assessment differs from an assessment made in the emergency department in which way?

Back 387

The EMT is concerned with the scene and personal safety.

Hint 387

Chap 16

Front 388

While developing a diagnosis, when should the EMT treat the life threats found in the primary assessment?

Back 388

When a threat is found

Hint 388

Chap 16

Front 389

A description of a patient's condition that assists a clinician in further evaluation and treatment is known as which of the following?

Back 389

Diagnosis

Hint 389

Chap 16

Front 390

Unlike traditional diagnosis in emergency situations, which of the following signs and symptoms must a clinician be aware of?

Back 390

Red flags

Hint 390

Chap 16

Front 391

Your 28-year-old male patient complains of shortness of breath. During your primary assessment, you notice the patient has cool, pale, sweaty skin, with cyanosis around the lips. What should you do next?

Back 391

Place the patient on oxygen

Hint 391

Chap 16

Front 392

Expert clinicians may use different approaches of thinking through problems, but which of the following will they have in common?

Back 392

Strong foundation of knowledge

Hint 392

Chap 16