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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is the first sign in embryo of formation of respiratory system?
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respiratory diverticulum in ventral wall of foregut
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what is the lung bud?
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forms from the distal end of respiratory diverticulum, which divides into 2 bronchial buds
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what forms from the bronchial buds?
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primary, secondary, and tertiary bronchi
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what happens to the respiratory diverticulum?
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initially is an open communication with the foregut, but becomes obliterated by teh formation of the tracheoesophageal septum
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clinical presentation of tracheoesophageal fistula
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excessive salivation
gagging and cyanosis following having milk abdominal distention reflux of gastric contents --> pneumonitis |
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Describe formation of bronchi
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in week 5: bronchial buds enlarge --> primary bronchi --> subdivide into secondary bronchi --> subdivide into teritary bronchi
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how many tertiary bronchi are on R? L?
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10
8-9 |
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where do the developing bronchi go as they expand?
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into the primitive pleural cavity
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what type of mesoderm covers the visceral pleura?
what type of mesoderm covers the parietal pleura? |
visceral mesoderm
somatic mesoderm |
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what is congenital neonatal emphysema?
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collapsed bronchi d/t failure of bronchial cartilage to develop
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diagnostic features of congenital bronchial cysts? (aka bronchiectasis)
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see honeycombing on xray if there are multiple cysts filled with fluid/air
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what is the cause for pulmonary agenesis
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failure of bronchial buds to develop
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what are the causes for pulmonary hypoplasia
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renal agenesis (potter's syndrome, oligohydramnios increases pressure on fetal thorax)
congenital diaphragmatic hernia (compresses developing lung) |
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what are the phases (and time-frames)of lung development?
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glandular phase (5-17 weeks)
canalicular phase (17-25 weeks) terminal sac phase (25 weeks - birth) alveolar phase (birth - 8 yrs) |
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what is the histo appearance of lung tissue in the glandular phase?
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gland like
capillaries poorly developed, not in contact with the lung tissue |
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what type of epithelium is the tissue in the glandular period made from?
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simple cuboidal
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what is the histo appearance of lung tissue in the canalicular phase?
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respiratory ronchioles adn terminal sacs form
vascularization increases and surrounds the respiratory bronchioles and terminal sacs (but still not in contact with the lung tissue) |
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what is the histo appearance of lung tissue in the terminal sac period?
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capillaries make contact with type I pneumocytes --> respiration and establishes blood-air barrier
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what is the exact mechanism behind hyaline membrane disease?
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repeated gasping inhalations --> damage to alveolar ining
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