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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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embryo gets completely implanted on
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11th day post fertilisation
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Definitive palcenta is formed on |
4th month POG |
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tirlaminar Germ disc is formed at
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by 21d (3rd week)
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prochordal plate and primitive streak
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Day 14
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In what week does the bilaminar disk (epiblast:hypoblast form)?
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Week 2 - day 8
also - Cyto and trophoblast differentiates |
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In what week do we see the Gastrulation, formation of the primitive streak, notochord, and neural plate?
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Week 3
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In what time frame is the fetus most susceptible to teratogens?
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Weeks 3-8
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Thyroid gland reaches its defintive position on
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7th week
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In what week does the heart begin to beat?
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Week 4
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In what week do the limb buds form?
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Week 4
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Platal process and the nasal septum fuses with each other
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10th week
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formation of neural tube begins
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3rd week
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Closure of anterior neuropore
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25th day
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Closure of post neuropore
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27th day
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Eye and |
22nd day |
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coronary circulation is established
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6th week
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Kidneys become functional in
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12th week
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Vagina gets canalised
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5th month
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From what embryologic layer do the adenohypophysis and lens of eye develop?
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Surface ectoderm
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From what embryologic layer do the neurohypophysis and CNS neurons develop?
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Neuroectoderm
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From what embryologic layer do the ANS and cranial nerves develop?
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Neural crest
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From what embryologic layer does the gut tube epithelium develop?
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Endoderm
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What induces the ectoderm to form neuroectoderm and what is its postnatal derivative?
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Notochord; develops into nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disk
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What embryologic layer forms the connective tissue, muscle,, bone, CV and various other visceral structures?
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Mesoderm
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What are the common mesodermal defects?
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VACTERL: Vertebral defect, anal atresia, cardiac defects, tracheo-esophageal fistula, renal defects, and limb defects
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What is the leading cause of birth defects and mental retardation in the U.S.?
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Fetal Alcohol Syndrome
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What teratogen causes renal damage?
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ACE inhibitors
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What teratogen predisposes to vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma?
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Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
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What teratogen causes congenital goiter or hypothyroidism?
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Iodide
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What teratogen causes limb defects?
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Thalidomide; sedative and used to treat multiple myeloma
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What teratogen is believed to be related to ADHD?
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tobacco
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Teratogenic anticoagulant?
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Warfarin
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What are the 3 major components of the umbilical cord and their functions? |
Umbilical arteries (2) carry deoxygenated bloodd from fetus to placenta; |
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This embryonic structure gives rise to the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk?
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Truncus arteriosus
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Forms smooth portions of left and righ ventricle?
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Bulbus cordis
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https://o.quizlet.com/fzeh49koNLr67ris2wFR-A_m.jpg
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Forms trabeculated portions of ventricles?
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Primitive ventricle
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https://o.quizlet.com/fzeh49koNLr67ris2wFR-A_m.jpg
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Forms trabeculated portions of atria?
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Primitive atria
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https://o.quizlet.com/fzeh49koNLr67ris2wFR-A_m.jpg
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Forms coronary sinus and smooth part of right atrium? |
*sinus venosus* . |
https://o.quizlet.com/fzeh49koNLr67ris2wFR-A_m.jpg |
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Forms superior vena cava?
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right common cardianl vein and right anterior cardinal vein
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Which organs are responsible for fetal erythropoiesis? |
Yolk sac (3-8 wks) Liver(6-30 wks) Spleen (9-28 wks) Bone marrow (28 wks on) |
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Describe fetal circulation?
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Umbilical vein -> ductus venosus -> IVC -> foramen ovale -> Aorta -> abdominal aorta -> umbilical arteris off internal iliac; Deoxygenated blood from SVC -> pulmonary artery -> ductus arteriosus -> joins oxygenated blood in descending aorta
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https://o.quizlet.com/i/yxEEpF-qiTKxXFB-WQhGXg_m.jpg
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This becomes the ligamentum teres hepatis?
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umbilical vein
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This becomes ligamentum arteriosum?
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ductus arteriosum
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This becomes the ligamentum venosum?
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ductus venosum
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This becomes the fossa ovalis?
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foramen ovale
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this becomes the median umbilical ligament?
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Urachus (allantois)
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Part of the allantoic duct between the bladder and umblicus?
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urachas
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Common carotid artery arises from what aortic arch?
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3rd
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Subclavian arteries arise from this aortic arch?
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4thh
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Major derivatives of branchial arch 1? |
*Meckel's cartilage* (mandible, malleus, incus); |
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Major derivatives of branchial arch 2?
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Reicherts cartialge (stapes, styloid process); muscles of facial expression; CN VII
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Major derivatives of branchial arch 3?
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Greater horn of hyoid; stylopharyngeus; CN IX
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https://o.quizlet.com/i/Uc9XkZ7lZiQPqWjZiXj5Bw_m.jpg
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Major derivatives of branchial arches 4? |
thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids (with 6); most pharyngeal constrictors, cricothyroid; CN X (superior laryngeal branch) |
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Major derivatives of branchial arches 6? |
thyroid, cricoid, arytenoids (with 4); all intrinsic muscles of larynx except cricothyroid; CN X (recurrent laryngeal branch) |
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What nerves control the tongue? (taste, sensation, and motor?) |
*ant 2/3 : * Taste - Chroda tympani ; sense : V2, V3 |
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What develops into the external auditory meatus?
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1st branchial cleft
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What branchial pouches contribute to the parathyroids?
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3rd pouch (inferior parathyroids) and 4th pouch (superior parathyroids)
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What branchial pouch develops into the thymus?
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3rd pouch
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What is the result of aberrant 3rd and 4th pouch development? |
DiGeorge syndrome; |
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What is the foramen cecum?
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Normal remant of thyroglossal duct
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What causes cleft lip?
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falure of fusion of maxillary and medial nasal processes
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What causes cleft palate?
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failure of fusion of lateral palatine processes, nasal septum, and/or median palatine processes
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What are the 3 embryologic kidneys and when do they function? |
Pronephros (week 4), |
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What inhbits paramesonephric development and what secretes it?
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Mullerian inhibiting substance, excreted by the testes
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What are the genital homologues developed from the genital tubercle?
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Glans penis and glans clitoris
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What are the genital homologues developed from the urogenital sinus? |
Men: corpus spongiosum, bulbourethral glands, and prostate gland; |
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Intermediate mesoderm (male testes)
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Leydig cells - secrete testosterone
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Proctodeum
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Anal canal (lower part)
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Neural tube (downgrowth)
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Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe of pituitary)
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Rathke's pouch
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Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe of pituitary)
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Foregut
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Mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum to bile duct, respiratory airways, lungs, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
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Midgut
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Duodenum after bile duct, jejunum, ileum, cecum, ascending colon, proximal part of transverse colon
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Hindgut
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Distal part of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, upper part of anal canal, bladder, urethra
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primitive streak is initiated and maintained by
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Nodal gene
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Diaphragm is formed by |
1. Septum tranversum 2. Pleuriperitoneal membrane 3. Ventral and Dorsal mesentry of the esophagus 4. Mesoderm of the body wall
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The sptum transversum gives rise to |
Diaphragm Falciform ligament Messentry of the lesser sac |
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