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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Where in the uterine tube does fertilization occur?
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The ampullary region
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What 2 processes are required for a sperm to be able to fertilize the oocyte?
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1. Capacitation
2. Acrosome reaction |
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What is Acrosome reaction?
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Release of enzymes to penetrate the zona pellucida.
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What is Capacitation?
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Conditioning of the sperm - removal of glycoprotein coat
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What are the 3 phases (3 layers that the sperm must penetrate) of fertilization?
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1. Penetration of the corona radiata
2. Penetration of the zona pellucida 3. Fusion of the oocyte and sperm cell membranes |
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At what day do you find a Morula?
How many cells is it made up of? |
Day 3
16 cells/blastomeres |
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At what day do you find a blastocyst?
What are its layers? |
Day 5
Inner cell mass = embryoblast Outer cell mass = trophoblast |
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What day does the blastocyst begin to penetrate between the epithelia cells of the uterine mucosa?
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Day 6
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At what week do you find a Bilaminar disk?
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Week 2
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What is the Rule of 2's for the 2nd week?
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2 germ layers (bilaminar disk) Epiblast, hypoblast
2 cavities: amniotic cavity, Yolk sac 2 components of placenta: cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast |
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During the 2nd week what 2 layers does the trophoblast differentiate to?
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cytotrophoblast
syncytiotrophoblast |
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During the 2nd week what 2 layers does the embryoblast differentiate to?
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Hypoblast layer
Epiblast layer |
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What is the characteristics of:
Cytotrophoblast Syncytiotrophoblast |
Cytotrophoblast: inner MONOnucleated cells
Syncytiotrophoblast: outter MULTInucleated zone |
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What are the characteristics of:
Hypoblast layer Epiblast layer |
Hypoblast layer: cubodial cells, develop 2nd Yolk Sac
Epiblast layer: high columnar cells adjacent to amniotic cavity |
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What day does the blastocyst completely embed into the endometrial stroma?
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Day 11 or Day 12
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What are Sinusoids?
When do they begin to form? What do they develop into? |
Formed from erosion of the epithelial lining of material capillaries
Day 11 or Day 12 Uteroplacental circulation |
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What day does the secondary Yolk sac form?
How is it formed? |
Day 13
Formed due to migration of hypoblast cells |
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What develops into the umbilical cord?
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The Connecting Stalk from the extraembryonic mesoderm to the chorionic cavity
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What week does gastrulation occur?
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Week 3
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What type of cells go on to form all 3 germ cell layers?
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Epiblast
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When the epiblast cells invaginate into the primitive streak where do they go to produce each layer?
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Endoderm - displaces hypoblast
Mesoderm - in the middle Ectoderm - formed from remaining epiblasts |
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In what layer is the Notochordal plate found?
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Endoderm layer
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What germ layer is the closest to the yolk sac?
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Endoderm layer
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What is a notochord? What is it derived from?
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Notochord is a solid cord of cells derived from the notochordal plate in the endoderm layer
-basis for axial skeleton -cranial end forms first |
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What is another term for tertiary villus?
What is its importance? |
Definitive placental villus
Connects placenta and embryo. Supplies nutrients and oxygen. |
