Embryo T3 3

Front 1

1. The most common ventricular septal defect is a:
A. persistent truncus arteriosus
B. membranous septal defect
C. common ventricle
D. foramen secundum defect

Back 1

B. membranous septal defect

Front 2

2. The left recurrent laryngeal nerve recurs around the:
A. left primary bronchus
B. left subclavian artery
C. ductus arteriosus
D. left common carotid artery

Back 2

C. ductus arteriosus

Front 3

3. Which of the three primary germ layers forms the endocardial heart tube of the embryo?
A. ectoderm
B. mesoderm
C. endoderm

Back 3

B. mesoderm

Front 4

4. The hepatic sinusoids of the adult liver are derived from the:
A. posterior cardinal veins
B. supracardinal veins
C. subcardinal veins
D. vitelline veins

Back 4

D. vitelline veins

Front 5

5. Which of the following is frequently seen in premature infants?
A. patent ductus arteriosus
B. coarctation of the aorta
C. double aortic arch
D. common atrium

Back 5

A. patent ductus arteriosus

Front 6

6. The coronary sinus is derived from the:
A. truncus arteriosus
B. bulbus cordis
C. primitive ventricle
D. sinus venosus

Back 6

D. sinus venosus

Front 7

7. The proximal part of the aorta is derived from the:
A. truncus arteriosus
B. bulbus cordis
C. primitive ventricle
D. sinus venosus

Back 7

A. truncus arteriosus

Front 8

8. The trabeculated part of the right ventricle is derived from the:
A. truncus arteriosus
B. bulbus cordis
C. primitive ventricle
D. sinus venosus

Back 8

B. bulbus cordis

Front 9

9. The conus cordis is derived from the:
A. truncus arteriosus
B. bulbus cordis
C. primitive ventricle
D. sinus venosus

Back 9

B. bulbus cordis

Front 10

10. A muscular ventricular septal defect is a defect in the _____ septum.
A. aorticopulmonary
B. atrial
C. atrioventricular
D. interventricular

Back 10

D. interventricular

Front 11

11. The proximal part of the internal carotid artery is derived from aortic arch:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Back 11

C. 3

Front 12

12. A portion of the arch of the aorta is derived from aortic arch:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Back 12

D. 4

Front 13

13. The renal veins are derived from which of the following?
A. vitelline veins
B. umbilical veins
C. subcardinal veins
D. posterior cardinal veins

Back 13

C. subcardinal veins

Front 14

14. The right atrium of the adult heart is derived from the:
A. sinus venosus
B. primitive atrium
C. both
D. neither

Back 14

C. both

Front 15

15. In the primitive heart tube, the sinus venosus is _____ to the truncus arteriosus.
A. cranial
B. caudal

Back 15

B. caudal

Front 16

16. In the primitive heart tube, the bulbus cordis is continuous cranially with the ____ and caudally with the _____.
A. atrium, ventricle
B. ventricle, sinus venosus
C. truncus arteriosus, sinus venosus
D. truncus arteriosus, ventricle

Back 16

D. truncus arteriosus, ventricle

Front 17

17. Which of the following persist throughout fetal development?
A. foramen primum
B. foramen secundum
C. both
D. neither

Back 17

B. foramen secundum

Front 18

18. Which of the following is an opening in septum secundum?
A. foramen primum
B. foramen secundum
C. foramen ovale
D. interventricular foramen

Back 18

C. foramen ovale

Front 19

19. During the partitioning of the heart into right and left, the endocardial cushions fuse with:
A. septum primum
B. bulbar ridges
C. both
D. neither

Back 19

C. both

Front 20

20. The primordial interventricular septum becomes the muscular portion of the adult interventricular septum.
A. true B. false

Back 20

A. true

Front 21

21. Septum secundum forms within the developing:
A. left atrium
B. right atrium
C. left ventricle
D. right ventricle

Back 21

B. right atrium

Front 22

22. Which of the following divides the atrioventricular canal into left and right passages?
A. septum primum
B. septum secundum
C. truncal ridges
D. endocardial cushions

Back 22

D. endocardial cushions

Front 23

23. Ostium secundum defects are due to faulty development of:
A. truncal ridges
B. bulbar ridges
C. endocardial cushions
D. septum primum

Back 23

D. septum primum

Front 24

24. Interventricular septal defects are seen in which of the following conditions?
A. persistent truncus arteriosus
B. unequal division of the truncus arteriosus
C. both
D. neither

Back 24

C. both

Front 25

25. Which of the following occurs if the aorticopulmonary septum fails to spiral?
A. persistent truncus arteriosus
B. unequal division of the truncus arteriosus
C. transposition of the great vessels
D. Tetralogy of Fallot

Back 25

C. transposition of the great vessels

Front 26

26. Constriction of the aorta proximal to the entry of the ductus arteriosus results in the condition known as postductal coarctation of the aorta.
A. true B. false

Back 26

B. false

Front 27

27. The left subclavian artery is derived from the:
A. left 7th intersegmental artery
B. left aortic arch 4
C. both
D. neither

Back 27

A. left 7th intersegmental artery

Front 28

28. The brachiocephalic trunk is derived from the left horn of the aortic sac.
A. true B. false

Back 28

B. false

Front 29

29. The ductus arteriosus is derived from the ___ 6th aortic arch.
A. left
B. right

Back 29

A. left

Front 30

30. The maxillary artery is derived from aortic arch:
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4

Back 30

A. 1

Front 31

31. The hepatic portal vein develops from the:
A. umbilical veins
B. vitelline veins
C. subcardinal veins
D. posterior cardinal veins

Back 31

B. vitelline veins

Front 32

32. The left brachiocephalic vein connects the ______ vein with the _______ vein.
A. left anterior cardinal, left common cardinal
B. left anterior cardinal, right anterior cardinal
C. left common cardinal, left posterior cardinal
D. left posterior cardinal, right posterior cardinal

Back 32

B. left anterior cardinal, right anterior cardinal

Front 33

33. The superior vena cava is derived from the _____ common cardinal vein.
A. left
B. right
C. both
D. neither

Back 33

B. right

Front 34

34. The ___ umbilical vein normally regresses early in development, leaving only one umbilical vein to deliver blood from the placenta to the fetus.
A. left
B. right

Back 34

B. right

Front 35

35. Which of the following contribute to the formation of the inferior vena cava?
A. subcardinal veins
B. supracardinal veins
C. sacrocardinal veins
D. all of the above

Back 35

D. all of the above

Front 36

36. Which of the following allow blood to bypass the lungs during fetal life?
A. ductus arteriosus
B. ductus venosus
C. both
D. neither

Back 36

D. neither

Front 37

37. Which of the following develops from the ductus venosus?
A. medial umbilical ligament
B. ligamentum teres hepatis
C. median umbilical ligament
D. ligamentum venosum

Back 37

D. ligamentum venosum

Front 38

38. The foramen ovale functionally closes at birth primarily because of bradykinin.
A. true B. false

Back 38

B. false

Front 39

39. The foramen ovale allows blood to bypass the ____ circulation.
A. systemic
B. pulmonary
C. neither

Back 39

B. pulmonary

Front 40

40. At the time of birth the foramen ovale closes functionally ____ the ductus arteriosus.
A. earlier than
B. later than
C. at the same time as

Back 40

A. earlier than

Front 41

41. The trachea is lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium derived from:
A. ectoderm
B. endoderm
C. somatic mesoderm
D. splanchnic mesoderm

Back 41

B. endoderm

Front 42

42. The smooth muscle connective tissue and cartilage of the primary bronchus are derived from:
A. ectoderm
B. endoderm
C. somatic mesoderm
D. splanchnic mesoderm

Back 42

D. splanchnic mesoderm

Front 43

43. Which of the following is responsible for separating the respiratory diverticulum from the primitive foregut?
A. laryngotracheal groove
B. posterior esophageal folds
C. tracheoesophageal septum
D. bronchopulmonary segment

Back 43

C. tracheoesophageal septum

Front 44

44. Children born with respiratory distress syndrome frequently have immature type II cells in the alveoli.
A. true B. false

Back 44

A. true

Front 45

45. At which of the following developmental stages is the fetus absolutely not viable?
A. terminal sac
B. alveolar
C. canalicular
D. pseudoglandular

Back 45

D. pseudoglandular

Front 46

46. Kupffer cells of the adult liver are derived from:
A. ectoderm
B. endoderm
C. somatic mesoderm
D. splanchnic mesoderm

Back 46

B. endoderm

Front 47

47. Which of the following arteries supplies derivatives of the foregut?
A. left umbilical artery
B. superior mesenteric artery
C. celiac trunk
D. intercostal arteries

Back 47

C. celiac trunk

Front 48

MATCH THE FOLLOWING WITH ITS EMBRYONIC ORIGIN.

48. stomach
49. duodenum
50. transverse colon

A. foregut
B. midgut

C. hindgut
D. foregut and midgut

E. midgut and hindgut

Back 48

48. stomach - A. foregut

49. duodenum - D. foregut and midgut
50. transverse colon - E. midgut and hindgut