Embryo Old Questions

Front 1

Embryo
1) What is the most sensitive period of development of the fetus?
A. The first month
B. 1st to 3rd week
C. 3rd to 8th week
D. 1st to 2nd week
E. None of the above

Back 1

C

Front 2

2) Which proteins controls cell invagination in gastrulation?
A. FGF8
B. Brachyury (T)
C. TGF β
D. lefty 2
E. BMP4

Back 2

A

Front 3

3) What is not a congenital malformation due to rubella virus?
A. Cataract
B. Heart defects
C. Deafness
D. Glaucoma
E. mental retardation

Back 3

E

Front 4

4) What is the main function(s) of the placenta ?
A. Transmission of maternal antibodies
B. Hormone production
C. Exchange of gases
D. exchange of nutrients and electroytes
E. all of the above

Back 4

E

Front 5

5) What is the only monosomy compatible with life?
A. Down syndrome
B: Kinefelter syndrome
C. Turner Syndrome
D. Parder- Willi syndrome
E. There is no monosomy compatible with life

Back 5

C

Front 6

6) Which of the hormones may be important for establishment of right sidedness?
A. FGF8
B. Snail
C. Lefty 1
D. Nodal
E. PITX2

Back 6

B

Front 7

7) When is the physiological umbilical hernia completely withdrawn into the body of the embryo?
A. end of 1st week
B. during 2nd week of gastrulation
C. end of 1st week
D. end of 3rd month
E. end of 6th month

Back 7

D

Front 8

8) On what day does the primitive streak clearly visible?
A. 12-13 day
B. 13-14 day
C. 14-15 day
D. 15-16 day
E. 16-17 day

Back 8

D

Front 9

9) How long is a pregnancy?
A. 280 days, 40 weeks, after fertilization
B. 266 days, 38 weeks after fertilization
C. 266 days, 38 weeks after normal menstrual period
D. 266 days, 40 weeks, after normal menstrual period
E. 280 days, 38 weeks, after fertilization

Back 9

B

Front 10

10) Which of the following is not a fetal membrane?
A. chorion
B. yolk sac
C. amnion
D Heuser’s membrane
E. Allantois

Back 10

D

Front 11

11) What is not a structure of tertiary villus in the 3rd week?
A. capillaries
B. intervillous space
C. cytotrophoblasts
D. spiral artery
E.syncytiotrophoblast

Back 11

D

Front 12

12) Which of the structures does not derivate from the mesoderm germ layer?
A. Urinary bladder
B. Spleen
C. Vascular system
D. kidneys
E. somitomers

Back 12

A

Front 13

13) At what day does the neural tube approximately close?
A. Cranial part at day 25th, caudal part at day 29th
B. Cranial part at day 27th, caudal part at day 25th
C. Cranial part at day 27th, caudal part at day 29th
D. Both at day 25th
E. Cranial part at day 25th, caudal part at day 27th

Back 13

E

Front 14

14) What is the rate for monozygotic twins?
A. 3-4 pr 100 births
B. 3-4 pr 1000 births
C. 3-4 pr million births
D. 3-4% of the population
E. 7-11 pr 1000 births

Back 14

B

Front 15

15) What is true about homeobox genes?
A. Are transcription factors that contain a homeobox
B. Important for pattering of embryonic axis
C. Helps establishing different regions of the brain
D. Plays a role in determining the origin and type of gut derivatives
E. All of the above is correct

Back 15

E

Front 16

16) Why will a fetus born early in the sixth month have difficulties surviving?
A. The lungs haven’t started to develop
B. The digestive system is not fully developed
C. The coordination between the respiratory system and cns is not well established
D. The subcutaneous layer under the skin is lacking
E. The fetus weight is under 2000 g

Back 16

C

Front 17

17) Where those most of ectopic (extrauterine) pregnancy take place?
A. implantation on abdominal cavity
B. Ovarian implantation
C. Intestinal implantation
D. Uterine tube
E. Implantation in the region of internal os

Back 17

B

Front 18

18) Which processes does not take place in the 3rd week?
A. Apperance of somites
B. Closure of neural tube
C. Tertiary villus begins to form
D. Implantation occurs
E. the first blood island appear in mesoderm

Back 18

D

Front 19

19) What does the groups of GDF (growth and differentiation factors) include?
A.FGF, (fibroblast growth factor), WNT, Hedgehog, TGFβ (Transforming growth factor β) family
B.WNT, FGF, Hedgehog
C.FGF, TGFβ, Hedgehog
D. WNT, TGFβ, FGF
E. none of the above is correct

Back 19

A

Front 20

20) What is an example o f genomic imprinting?
A. Pader- Willi and Angelman syndrome
B. Miller- Dieker and Shprintzer syndrome
C. cri-du-chat syndrome
D. chromosomal trisomy
E. any alternation of germ cells

Back 20

A

Front 21

21) Which hormone is produced in both the corpus luteum and placenta during pregnancy?
A. Human Chorionic gonadotropin
B. estrogenic hormones
C. Progresteron
D. Luteinizing hormone
E. Somatomammotropin

Back 21

C

Front 22

22) In which order do the phases of the mucosa go when pregnancy occurs?
A. Menstrual phase, follicular phase, proliferativ phase, gravid phase
B. Menstrual phase, follicular phase, secretory phase, gravid phase
C. Menstual phase, secretory phase, proliferativ phase, gravid phase
D. Menstrual phase, progestational phase, secretory phase, gravid phase
E. Menstrual phase, proliferative phase, progestational phase, menstrual phase

Back 22

B

Front 23

23) At which day those the lacunar stage of the trophoblast development occure?
A. day 8
B. day 9
C. day 11
D. day 12
E. day13

Back 23

B

Front 24

24) Crest cells that migrate fro the neural tube along the ventral pathway of tha anterior halv of each somite become:
A. melanocytes
B. Cranial gila
C. craniofacial skeleton
D. otic placodes
E. cells of adrenal medulla

Back 24

E

Front 25

25) What are the stage(s) of labor?
A. Effacement
B. Delivery of the fetus
C. Delivery of the placenta and fetal memebranes
D. all of the above
E. Answer A & B

Back 25

D

Front 26

26) What is the leading cause of mental retardaction
A. Alcohol
B. Hyperthermia
C. cigarette smoking
D. birth control pills
E. nutritional deficiencies

Back 26

A

Front 27

27) What is not a type of fetal therapy?
A. Transfusion
B. Fetal medical treatment
C. Fetal surgery
D. Ultrasound
E. Stem cell transplantation

Back 27

D

Front 28

28) Which of the following is not a malformation associated with alcohol?
A. Short palpebral fissures
B. Maxillary hypoplasia
C. Cleft lip
D. Heart defects
E. Mental retardation

Back 28

C

Front 29

29) If the α-fetoprotein (AFP) decreases in the amnionic fluid this may be an indication of:
A. Omphalocele
B. Amniotic band syndrome
C. Down syndrome
D. Turner syndrome
E. Bladder exstrophy

Back 29

C

Front 30

30) In which ways does the egg respond as soon as the spermatozoon enters?
A. Cortical and zona reactions
B. Resumption of the secondary meiotic division
C. Metabolic activation of the egg
D. B & C
E. A, B,& C

Back 30

E

Front 31

1. Vemix caseosa is a fatty substance covering by the end of the intrauterine life.
A. Fetal part of the placenta
B. Umbilical cord
C. Skin of the fetus
D. Luminal surface of intestine of the fetus
E. Intraembryonic cavity

Back 31

C

Front 32

2. The buccopharyngeal membrane is formed by
A. Ectoderm and endoderm
B. Ectoderm and mesoderm and endoderm
C. Ectoderm and mesoderm
D. Endoderm and mesoderm
E. Mesoderm

Back 32

A

Front 33

3. Placenta previa result from implantation in
A. Douglas pouch
B. Uterine tube
C. Ovary
D. Posterior wall of the body of the fetus
E. The region of the internal opening (os) of the cervix

Back 33

E

Front 34

4. Erythboblastosis is fetalis disease may occur in cases where
A. The fetus is RH(+) and the mother is RH(-)
B. The fetus is RH(-) and the mother is RH(-)
C. The fetus is RH(+) and the mother is RH(+)
D. The fetus is RH(-) and the mother is RH(+)
E. Fetal red blood cells are not able to contact the maternal blood

Back 34

A

Front 35

5. Cotyledons are compartments of
A. Somites
B. Nephrogenic cord
C. Neural crest
D. Placenta
E. Umbilical cord

Back 35

D

Front 36

6. Situs inversus is a condition occurring in approximately 20% of patients with
A. Down syndrome
B. Kartagener syndrome
C. Klinefelter syndrome
D. Tumer syndrome
E. Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)

Back 36

B

Front 37

7. The embryo at the time of implantation is in the
a. 2-cell stage
b. 8-cell satge
c. Morula stage
d. Blastocyst stage
e. Three germ layers stage

Back 37

B

Front 38

8. Maintaining of structure and function of corpus luteum during the first intrauterine of pregnancy depending on
a. hCG
b. somatommamotropin production
c. progesterone production
d. growth hormone production
e. estriol production

Back 38

A

Front 39

9. the length of a normal pregnancy is considered to be
a. 280 days after fertilization
b. 266 days after fertilization
c. 238 days after fertilization
d. 210 days after fertilization
e. 140 days after fertilization

Back 39

B

Front 40

10. During ovulation extruded from ovary to the uterine tube is the
a. Oogonium
b. Primary oocyte in prophase
c. Primary oocyte in metaphase
d. Secondary oocyte in prophase
e. Secondary occyte in metaphase

Back 40

E

Front 41

11. The lens placode is a derivative of
a. Ectodermal germ layer
b. Endodermal germ layer
c. Mesodermal germ layer
d. Mesenchyme
e. Both, endodermal and mesodermal germ layer

Back 41

A

Front 42

12. Which one is not the approach used for assisted reproductive technology?
a. ICSI
b. ZIFT
c. OMI
d. IVF
e. GIFT

Back 42

C

Front 43

13. A phenomenon occurring during the third week of development is
a. Formation of the bilaminar germ disc
b. Formation of the notochord
c. Exocelomic cavity formation
d. Formation of the cytotrophoblast and syncytitrophoblast
e. Cortical reaction

Back 43

B

Front 44

14. The parenchyma of the thyroid gland develops from the
a. Mesoderm
b. Mesenchyme
c. Endoderm
d. Ectoderm
e. Both, mesoderm and ectoderm

Back 44

C

Front 45

15. Which one is the derivative of somite?
a. subcutaneous tissue of the skin
b. adrenal medulla
c. melanocytes
d. odontoblast
e. none of them

Back 45

A

Front 46

16. The process of compaction occurs at:
A. two-cell stage
B. Four cell stage
C. Eight cell stage
D. Blastocyst stage
E. Bilaminar germ layer stage

Back 46

C

Front 47

17. The secondary yolk sac in an embryo is at age of
a. 8 days
b. 9 days
c. 13 days
d. 18 days
e. 20 days

Back 47

C

Front 48

18. The umbilical cord during the end of 4th month containg
a. One artery and one vein
b. Two arteries
c. One artery and two veins
d. Two artery and two veins
e. None of them

Back 48

E

Front 49

19. The uteroplacental circulation begins by the end of the
a. First week of the development
b. Secondary week of the development
c. Third week of the development
d. Fourth week of the development
e. Fifth week of the development

Back 49

B

Front 50

20. An abnormal number of sex chromosomes occurs in
a. Down syndrome
b. Angelman syndrome
c. Tumer syndrome
d. Prader-Willi syndrome
e. Cir-du-chat syndrome

Back 50

C

Front 51

21. Interior parathyroid gland develops from
a. 1st pharyngeal pouch
b. 2nd pharyngeal pouch
c. 3rd pharyngeal pouch
d. 4th pharyngeal pouch
e. Another structure

Back 51

C

Front 52

22. Vitelline duct
a. Is lined with parietal mesoderm
b. Connects amniotic cavity with midgut
c. Connects chorionic cavity with midgut
d. Is lined with epithelium of exocoelmic cyst
e. Connects cavity of yolk sac with midgut

Back 52

E

Front 53

Chorion frondosum has got contact with
A. Decidua parietalis
B. Decidua basalis
C. Decidua capsularis
D. Pharyngeal gut
E. Hindgut

Back 53

B

Front 54

24. Ultimobranchial body contributes cells to
A. inferior parathyroid gland
B. superior parathyroid gland
C. Thymus
D. Thyroid
E. None of them

Back 54

D

Front 55

25. Which one is a phenomenon occurring during the acrosome reaction?
A. Release of second polar body
B. Release first polar body
C. Release of trypsin-like enzymes and acrosin
D. Fusion of spermatozoon and oocyte plasma membranes
E. Removall of sialoglycoproteins from the surface of spermatozoon head

Back 55

C

Front 56

26. Sirenomelia (caudal dysgenesis) results from insufficient formation in the lumbosacral region
A. Endodoerm and ectoderm
B. Ectoderm
C. Endoderm
D. Ectoderm and mesenchyme
E. Mesoderm

Back 56

E

Front 57

27. Which one is a component of the uterus?
A. Granular layer
B. Recticular layer
C. Papillary layer
D. Basal layer
E. Plexiform layer

Back 57

D

Front 58

28. Spermatogenesis is a process resulting in the transformation of:
A. Primary spermatocytes into spermatozoa
B. Secondary spermatocytes into spermatozoa
C. Primary spermatocytes into secondary spermatocytes
D. Spermatids into spermatozoa
E. Spermatogonia into spermatozoa

Back 58

E

Front 59

29. The process of formation of blood vessels by sprouting from existing vessels
A. Arteriogenesis
B. Cardiogenesis
C. Angiogenesis
D. Erythrogenesis
E. Vasculogenesis

Back 59

C

Front 60

30. Most frequently the ectopic pregnancies occur in the:
A. Ampulla off the uterine tube
B. Isthemus of the uterine tube
C. Douglas pouch
D. Peritoneal covering of the intestine
E. Ovary

Back 60

A

Front 61

1. What is a common feature of all forms of spinal bifida?
a) failure of vertebral arch formation or fusion at the dorsal midline
b) severe neurological defects at birth
c) failure to close the neural tube in one or more regions along the cranio-caudal axis
d) protrusion of the neural tube into a cyst-like sac due to defective vertebral arch development
e) none of the above

Back 61

a) failure of vertebral arch formation or fusion at the dorsal midline

Front 62

. Working in the delivery room you deliver conjoined twin babies. Without looking you KNOW that the extraembryonic tissues will consist of the following:
a) two amnions and two chorions
b) one amnion and one chorion
c) two amnions and one chorion
d) one amnion and two chorions
e) impossible to predict without genetic testing

Back 62

b) one amnion and one chorion

Front 63

5. Which of the following is true of somites and their derivatives?
a) Somite and neural tube formation begin during the same week of development.
b) All muscles of the trunk, including limb musculature, are derived from somites.
c) The regional identity of somites along the cranio-caudal axis is regulated by the MyoD family
of transcription factors.
d) Accessory ribs are rarely observed in humans (less than 1 per 100,000).
E) Two of the above are correct

Back 63

E:
a) Somite and neural tube formation begin during the same week of development.
b) All muscles of the trunk, including limb

Front 64

6. Place the following events of preimplantation development in chronological order.
1) hatching
2) compaction
3) fertilization
4) second polar body extrusion
5) cleavage

a) 4 3 2 5 1
b) 4 3 1 5 2
c) 3 4 5 2 1
d) 1 3 4 5 2
e) 1 3 5 2 4

Back 64

c) 3 4 5 2 1

Front 65

7. Embryonic induction is involved in the development of which of the following cells/tissues?
a) neural tube
b) neural crest
c) vertebral column
d) apical ectodermal ridge
e) all of the above

Back 65

e) all of the above

Front 66

11. The tyrosine kinase receptor c-kit and its ligand Steel are involved in the migration of what two cell populations in the early embryo:
a) primordial germ cells and neural crest
b) limb mesenchyme and cranial nerves
c) mesoderm through the primitive streak and primordial germ cells
d) neural crest and extraembryonic mesodermal cells

Back 66

a) primordial germ cells and neural crest

Front 67

Vitamin A can disrupt the normal development of a number of organs/tissues. If a pregnant woman was exposed to high doses of Vitamin A during the fourth week of development, what cells/structures might be affected?
a) neural tube
b) GI tract
c) blastocyst
d) epiblast
e) all of the above

Back 67

a) neural tube

Front 68

. Which of the following is true of the neural crest?
a) A single neural crest in the neural tube can often give rise to multiple cell types.
b) Transplantation experiments have shown that neural crest cell fate is determined entirely by
position along the cranio-caudal axis.
c) The pathway taken by a neural crest cell is not correlated with its eventual fate.
d) all of the above

Back 68

a) A single neural crest in the neural tube can often give rise to multiple cell types.

Front 69

. An epithelial to mesenchymal transition is important for development of which cells/structures?
a) neural crest cells
b) ingressing epiblast cells during gastrulation
c) sclerotome
d) all of the above

Back 69

d) all of the above

Front 70

31. Which of the following is NOT true of syncytiotrophoblast cells?
a) They surround the blastocoele cavity.
b) They secrete HCG.
c) They are critical for implantation of the embryo.
d) Their progenitors are located on the outside of the compacted morula.

Back 70

a) They surround the blastocoele cavity.

Front 71

Order the following events chronologically, as they occur to an individual cell.
1) spermiogenesis
2) capacitation
3) migration into the gonad
4) meiosis
5) acrosome reaction

a) 4 3 1 5 2
b) 3 4 1 5 2
c) 3 4 2 5 1
d) 4 3 2 1 5
e) 3 4 1 2 5

Back 71

e) 3 4 1 2 5

Front 72

In the production of female gametes, which of the following cells can remain dormant for approximately 12 to 50 years?
a) second polar body
b) primordial germ cells
c) primary oocyte
d) secondary oocyte
e) first polar body

Back 72

c) primary oocyte

Front 73

43. What is the relationship between neural tube closure defects and spina bifida?
a) Defects in vertebral arch formation can result in failure to close the caudal neuropore.
b) A neural tube closure defect will disrupt vertebral arch formation.
c) The neural tube closes after the vertebral arches have formed.
d) Spina bifida is defined as failure to close the neural tube.
e) More than one is correct

Back 73

b) A neural tube closure defect will disrupt vertebral arch formation.

Front 74

44. The limb is a composite of cell types from various sources. Which limb cell types/structures are derived from the somites?
a) limb skeleton
b) pigment cells of the skin
c) skeletal muscle cells
d) connective tissues
e) two of the above

Back 74

c) skeletal muscle cells

Front 75

Mesenchymal to epithelial transitions (MET) also occur during embryogenesis. One example of this occurs during:

A. Somite development
B. Gastrulation
C. Neural crest delamination
D. Syncytotrophoblast invasion

Back 75

A. Somite development

Front 76

6. Excess exposure to retinoic acid has been show to cause defects in patterning of the neural tube, the neural crest and the axial skeleton. This is most likely due to retinoic acid’s affect on the expression of:

A. Shh
B. Hox genes
C. Wnts
D. Bmps

Back 76

B. Hox genes

Front 77

Capacitation is required for what process?
A. Establishing the inside versus the outside of the preimplantation embryo.
B. Ovulation.
C. Implantation.
D. Fertilization.

Back 77

>D. Fertilization.

Front 78

9. The mature somite consists of three compartments. These compartments are the:
A. ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm
B. vertebral body, vertebral arch and intervertebral disc
C. dermatome, myotome and sclerotome
D. connective tissue, muscle and cartilage

Back 78

C. dermatome, myotome and sclerotome

Front 79

13. Which of the following gene families regulates the cranial-caudal identity of the axial skeleton:

A. Hox
B. Wnt
C. BMP
D. Hedgehog

Back 79

A. Hox

Front 80

14. MyoD is a transcription factor that regulates which of the following processes:

A. cranial-caudal patterning of the axial skeleton
B. determination of skeletal muscle
C. differentiation of vertebral cartilage
D. resegmentation of the sclerotome

Back 80

B. determination of skeletal muscle

Front 81

Sacrococcygeal tumors can contain various types of tissue (bone, teeth, muscle, nerve). The source of these different cell types is:

A. Embryonic stem cells
B. PGCs that have migrated incorrectly
C. Transformed neural crest cells
D. Pluripotent cells of the primitive streak.

Back 81

D. Pluripotent cells of the primitive streak.

Front 82

18. Which of the following is NOT a derivative of the sclerotome:

A. vertebral arch
B. annulus fibrosus
C. costal process
D. nucleus pulposus

Back 82

D. nucleus pulposus

Front 83

24. Which cell type secretes cerebrospinal fluid into the neural canal:

A. ependymal cells
B. glial cells
C. neuroblasts
D. floor plate cells

Back 83

A. ependymal cells

Front 84

The somites form by segmentation of the paraxial mesoderm. Segmentation proceeds in which of the following directions:

A. dorsal to ventral
B. cranial to caudal
C. proximal to distal
D. medial to lateral

Back 84

B. cranial to caudal

Front 85

. Which of the following statements describes a Rhombomere:

A. a subdivision of the neural tube formed at the marginal zone
B. a subdivision of the neural tube derived from the alar plate
C. a subdivision of the neural tube formed at the hindbrain
D. a subdivision of the neural tube derived from the caudal eminence

Back 85

C. a subdivision of the neural tube formed at the hindbrain

Front 86

32. All of the following statements concerning limb development are true EXCEPT:

A. the forelimb bud forms before the hindlimb bud
B. limb muscle is derived from the somites
C. the AER regulates anterior-posterior patterning
D. Wnt signals regulate dorsal-ventral patterning

Back 86

C. the AER regulates anterior-posterior patterning

Front 87

Sonic hedgehog regulates anterior-posterior patterning of the limb by which of the following mechanisms:

A. regulation of mesenchyme proliferation
B. activation of Wnt expression in the dorsal ectoderm
C. activation of FGF expression in the AER
D. regulation of Hox gene expression

Back 87

D. regulation of Hox gene expression

Front 88

Where is estrogens

Back 88

progesterone produce during MENSTRUAL CYCLE, ovary

Front 89

What are caspases

Back 89

? – protease

Front 90

What are cadherins?

Back 90

- CAM molecules

Front 91

What do uteric buds become?

Back 91

- Collecting tubules

Front 92

What is the origin of the uteres?

Back 92

– Paramesonephric ducts

Front 93

What is the origin of the urinary bladder?

Back 93

– Hindgut, endoderm and mesoderm

Front 94

What is the origin and function of the otic vesicle?

Back 94

- Invaginated ectoderm that develops into the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear

Front 95

What is the origin of eye

Back 95

– NCC, surface ectoderm

Front 96

What is the origin of olfactory cells?

Back 96

– Basal cells – surface ectoderm

Front 97

What is the origin of the pituitary gland?

Back 97

– Anterior (adenohypophysis) – Rathke’s pouch from ectoderm of stomadeal roof,

Posterior (neurohypophysis – Neuroectoderm from the floor of the diencephalon

Front 98

Function of HOX gene in the development

Back 98

CNS , vertebral column-, control limb development

Front 99

What are the derivatives of the mesonephric duct?

Back 99

– The duct of epididymis and ductus deferens from the influence of testosterone from leydig cells

Front 100

Where do nephrons come from?

Back 100

– metanephric blastoma

Front 101

The facial muscle comes from which pharyngeal arch?

Back 101

– 2nd

Front 102

The trigeminal nerve comes from which pharyngeal arch?

Back 102

– 1st

Front 103

What does the wall of the primary gut consists of?

Back 103

- Endoderm and lateral splanchnic mesoderm

Front 104

Where and when does the umbilical herniation occur?

Back 104

– Herniation of intestines into the unbilical cord from the 7th to 10th week

Front 105

What is the function of the notocord?

Back 105

- Induces differentiation of germ layers, then becomes the nucleus pulposus of IV disks

Front 106

What does neuroectoderm become?

Back 106

– They create NTC and NCC

Front 107

During the 28th week lungs have ________ that produce ________

Back 107

– Pneumocytes II, Surfactant

Front 108

After which week can the fetus survive?

Back 108

- After the 26-28 week

Front 109

When and where does hematopoesis take place?

Back 109

– Yolk sac – 0-2 months, liver and spleen 2-8 months, bone marrow 5 months +

Front 110

What is the function of the SRY gene?

Back 110

– Produce TDF (testis differentiation factor), creates leydig cells from gonadal ridge that secrete testosterone

Front 111

What inactivates the barr body?

Back 111

- Xist

Front 112

What covers the fetus during the 1st month

Back 112

- Ectoderm

Front 113

Origin of vertebra

Back 113

- sclerotome (paraxial mesoderm) – somites

Front 114

From which tissues are vertebrae formed?

Back 114

– Formed from 2 sclerotomes

Front 115

When can you call an embryo a fetus?

Back 115

– After the 8th week

Front 116

When does the primitive streak form?

Back 116

– 15th day

Front 117

What makes up the sinus venousus

Back 117

- Three veins – 2 vitalline, 2 cardinal (anterior and posterior) and 2 umbilical

Front 118

Parts of the placenta

Back 118

– Fetal side – decidua capsularis, maternal side – decidua basalis, cervical side – decidua parietalis

Front 119

2. Wall of the primary gut is built of:
A. hypoblast
B. only endodermc
C. endoderm and splanchnic lateral mesoderm
D. only splanchnic lateral mesoderm
E. endoderm and somatic lateral mesoderm

Back 119

C. endoderm and splanchnic lateral mesoderm

Front 120

7. Ureteric buds:
A. come from urogenital sinus
B. differentiate into metanephric blastema
C. are the primoda of the ureter, renal pelvis, renal calyxes collecting tubules
D. differentiate into nephrons
E. differentiate into urinary bladder

Back 120

C. are the primoda of the ureter, renal pelvis, renal calyxes collecting tubules

Front 121

10 . Uterus:
A. comes from urogenital sinus
B. comes from urogenital ridge
C. develops from paramesonephric ducts
D. develops before ovaries
E. TDF influence its development

Back 121

C. develops from paramesonephric ducts

Front 122

13. The primitiv streak:
A. appears about 15-16th day
B. leads to the formation of epiblast
C. leads to the formation of definivtive hypoblast
D. indicates the development of the brain through the migration of cells into the cranial section
E. still remains up to the end of the 2nd month of the embryonic development

Back 122

A. appears about 15-16th day

Front 123

14. Cleft lip result from lack o fusion of the
A. nasomedial and nasolateral processes
B. nasomedial and maxillary processes
C. nasolateral and maxillary processes
D. nasolateral and mandibular processes
E. nasomedial and mandibular processes

Back 123

B. nasomedial and maxillary processes

Front 124

29. During mentrual cycle:
A. progesterone and estrogens are secreted to prepare endometrium for implantation
B. ovulation lasts 14 days
C. LH influences growth of uterus
D. FSH stimulates growth of follicles
E. progesterone and estrogens are secreted to stimulate corpus luteum differetiation

Back 124

D. FSH stimulates growth of follicles

Front 125

38. Yolk sac:
A. exist up to the end of pregnancy
B. is not connected with primary gut development
C. is connected with midgut by a connecting stalk
D. in the wall of yolk sac gonocytes develop and angiogenesis taked place
E. spermatogonia and oogonia develop in the wall of the yolk sac

Back 125

D. in the wall of yolk sac gonocytes develop and angiogenesis taked place

Front 126

40. Physiological umbilical herniation:
A. appears twice- at 6th and at 10th week
B. is connected with foregut development
C. is connected with hundgut development
D. is connected with midgut development
E. appears in the late fetal period

Back 126

D. is connected with midgut development

Front 127

44. HOX are:
A. growth factors
B. Adhesion molecules
C. receptors
D. genes participating in embryogenesis
E. parts of digestive tract

Back 127

D. genes participating in embryogenesis

Front 128

47. Mesonephric ducts:
A. develop into elements of nephrons
B. appear only in male embryo
C. comes from endoderm
D. at 6th week degenrate
E. build elements in urinary system and male genital system

Back 128

E. build elements in urinary system and male genital system

Front 129

49. Liver:
A. is a hematopoetic organ after birth
B. is a hematopoetic organ in fetus up to 7th month
C. hapatocytes come from endoderm
D. hapatocytes come from somites
E. B and C are correct

Back 129

E. B and C are correct

Front 130

50. Sinus venosus:
A. has 3 horns
B. each horn enters 3 arteries
C. each horn enters 3 veins
D. is up to the end of fetal time
E. after 4th week does not exist

Back 130

C. each horn enters 3 veins