• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/60

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

60 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What should you think about in all overdose patients?
child abuse and suicidal ideation
How do you differentiate the sympathomimetic and anticholinergic toxidrome?
skin exam and bowel sounds: diaphoresis and increased bowel sounds with sympathometitic
How can a narcotic ingestion be manifested
coma, hypotension, miosis and hypoventilation
An osmolal gap occurs with
alcohol ingestion
What is the coma cocktail?
glucose, thiatmine, oxygen, naloxone
Is lavage useful
rarely
What is one of the more important clues to diagnosis of poisoning?
vital signs
What should always be considered with nonspecific flu-like symptoms that occur in families in colder months?
carbon monoxide poisoning
WHen is hyperbaric oxygen indicated for CO poisoning?
with patietnes with neuropsychiatric abnormalities, or cardiovascular instability, CoHb>25% and pregnancy and CoHb>15%
How does cyanide work?
binds to cytochrome oxidase resulting in cellular sphyxia
What are the signs and symptoms of cyanide poisoning?
headache, dizziness, weakness, SOB,
How does the cyanide antidote kit work?
Inducing methemoglobinemia and then producing sodium thiocyanate. The components are amyl nitrite, Na Nitrite and sodium thiosulfate
If ethanol level is <300 and coma?
Consider another cause of coma
WHat does chronic toluene abuse produce?
distal renal tubular acidosis
What should be considered in patients with visual symptoms, acidosis and elevated osmolal gap?
methanol poisoning
What is the antidote for INH?
pyridoxine
When should you consider hemodialysis in methanol/ethylene glycol poisonings?
when there is metabolic acidosis, renal compromise, visual symptoms (methanol), electrolyte imbalances unresponsive to conventional therapy or a blood level of either substance that is >20-25 mg/dl
What should be considered in patients with GI symptoms and mixed repiratory alkalosis and metabolic acidosis?
salicylate toxicity
WHat should be done in any symptomatic salicylate toxicity?
alkalinization of the urine
When should dialysis be considered in salicylate poisoning?
levels >100 mg/dL coma, renal, hepatic failure, pulmonary edema, severe acid-base disturbances, rising levels in toxic patients, failure to repsond to more conservative methods
What is rotary nystagmus classic for?
PCP
What is the best treatment for cocaine toxicity?
benzodiazepines
What do most drugs of abuse present as?
sympathomimetic toxidrome
What should be considered in any patient who presents with chest pain?
cocaine use
Is LSD detected on the toxicology screen?
no
How long should patients who responded to naloxone therapy be observed for?
3-4 hours
Are fentany derivates detected on the tox screen?
No and they can require large doses of naloxone for reversal
What is MPTP?
A meperidine analog that can cause irreversible parkinsonism
What is the toxic dose of acetaminophen
140 mg/kg
How often shoudl acetaminophen levels be checked in OD patients?
q4 hours
Do you treat pregnant patients differently after acetaminophen and iron ingestion?
no
Does charcoal admin prohibit NAC administration?
no and it does not require a does adjustment
Can patients with acetaminophen toxicity be asymptomatic initially?
yes
Which is worse chronic or acute lithium toxicity
chronic (same with salicylate and theophylline)
Are lithium and iron on routine tox screen?
no
When is dialysis indicated for patients with lithium toxicity?
with severe neurologic toxicity, cardiac dysthrhymias, and renal failure
Which toxicity can be seen on xray?
iron
What is the treatment for iron poisoning?
deveroxamine if significant symptoms
What can hydrocarbons cause?
aspiration pneumonitis and various systemic effects (CNS and cardiac)
What can lead to sudden sniffing death?
solvent inhalation
How do carbamates differ from organophosphates?
duration of symptoms. They cause reversible inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and do not require 2-PAM
What is most common mistake in treating insecticide toxicity?
under atropinization
When does scombroid poisoning occur?
when fish is not properly stored/refrigeratoed and is the result of histamine ingestion
With hydrocarbon exposure what should be avoided?
epinephrine and isoproterenol unless required for cardiac resuscitation
Are corticosteroids and antibiotics been shown to be beneficial in patients with hydrocarbon aspiration?
no
Is their an antidote or antagonist to PCP?
no
What should you get with theophylline overdose?
serial levels
What is the most common ECG abnormality with digoxin?
PVCs, MCC of PAT with block is dig toxicity
What should be avoided in treatment of hyperkalemia from dig toxicity?
Ca
How do you make diagnosis of serotonin syndrome?
It is clinical: AMS, autonomic instability, neuromuscular abnormalities
What is the DONT for AMS
Dextrose, oxygen, naloxone, thiamine
What are the seizure causing substances?
(WITH LA COPS)
Withdrawl
Isoniazide
THeophyline, TCA
Hypoglycemia, hypoxia
Lead, lithium, local anesthetics
Anticholinergics
CO, cocaine, cyanide, cholinergics
Organophosphates
PCP, propoxyphene
Salicyclates, strychnine, sympathometics
Substances causing nystagmus
(SALEM TIP)
Sedative hypnotics, solvents
Alcohols
Lithium
Ethylene glycol, ethanol
methanol

Tegretol, thiamine depletion
Isopropanol
PCP, phenytoin
Radiopaque substances
(BET A CHIP)
Barium
Enteric coated tablets
TCA
Antihistamines
Condoms, chloral hydrate, calcium
Heavy metals
Iodine
K, phenothiazines, Play-Doh, PetpoBismol
Dangerous addition to hydrocarbons
(CHAMPS)
Camphor
Halogenated hydrocarbons
Aromatics
Metals
Pesticides
Cholinergic ingestion symptoms
DUMBBELSS
Defecation, diaphoresis
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchospasm
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation,secretions, sweating
Seizures
Agents removed by hemodialysis
(I STUMBLE)
Isopropanol
Salicyclates
Theophyline
Uremia
Methanol
Barbiturates
Lithium
Ethylene glycol, ethanol
What causes an osmolal gap
(MAD GAS)
diff. between measured osmolal and calculated osmolol
Mannitol
Alcohols
DMSO
Glycerol
Acetone
Sorbitol
Anion gap acidosis
A MUD PILE CAT
Alcohol
Methanol intoxication
Uremia
DKA
Paraldehyde ingestion
1NH, iron intoxication
Lactic Acidosis
Ethylene glycol intoxication

Carbon monoxide/cyanide
Aspirin intoxication
Toluene exposure
Substances not absorbed by charcoal
Caustics, corrosives
Heavy metals
Alcohols and glycols
Rapidly absorved substances
Cyanide
other insoluble drugs
aliphatic hydrocarbons
laxatives