Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Cytosolic reducing equivalents (electrons) are indirectly transported into mitochondria via one of several shuttle systems:
|
Malate-Aspartate shuttle
Glycerophosphate shuttle |
|
|
ADP-ATP translocator
|
electrogenic antiport
|
|
|
Mitochondrial Transport System
|
Shuttle systems
ADP-ATP translocator (electrogenic antiport) Phosphate carrier Ca2+ transport |
|
|
Inhibitors for the electron transport chain
|
Rotenone
Amytal Antimycin A Cyanide |
|
|
For the separation of functional complexes
|
Ion-exchange chromatography
|
|
|
Protein Components of the Mitochondrial Electron-Transfer Chain
|
I NADH dehydrogenase
II Succinate dehydrogenase III Ubiquinone cytochrome c oxidoreductose Btw III and IV Cytochrome c IV Cytochrome oxidase |
|
|
Prosthetic Groups in each complex
|
I FMN, Fe-S
II FAD, Fe-S III Hemes, Fe-S IV Hemes, Cu(A), Cu(B) |
|
|
NADH-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase
|
Complex I
|
|
|
Succinate-coenzyme Q oxidoreductase
|
Complex II
|
|
|
Coenzyme Q-cytochrome c oxidoreductase
|
Complex III
|
|
|
Cytochrome c oxidase
|
Complex IV
|
|
|
Cytochrome c oxidase (complex IV)
Rxn: |
8H+ (matrix) + O2 + 4 cytochrome c(Fe2+) --->4 cytochrome c(Fe3+) + 2 H2O + 4H+ (intermembrane)
|
|
|
Cytochrome c oxidase has two proton channels
|
K-channel
D-channel |
|
|
K-channel
|
Supply of chemical or scalar protons
Essential Lys (K) residue Supply protons for O2 reduction to generate H2O |
|
|
D-channel
|
Transport of pumped or vectorial channel
Essential Asp (D) residue Extended from the matrix side to the exit channel Pump protons from the matrix to the intermembrane space |
|
|
Open state (O)
|
Very low ligand binding and catalytically inactive
|
|
|
Loose state (L)
|
Loose ligand binding but catalytically inactive
|
|
|
Tight state (T)
|
Tight ligand binding and catalytically active
|
|
|
P/O ratio
|
NADH = 3 ATP(theo.) = 2.5 ATP
FADH2 = 2ATP (theo.) =1.5 ATP |
