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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is/are the inferior lead(s)?
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Lead 2, 3 and AVF
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what is/are the left lateral lead(s)?
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lead 1 and lead AVL
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what is/are the right lateral lead(s)?
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lead AVR
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which leads will show you the anterior side of you heart?
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V1-6
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when is a Q wave considered abnormal?
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when it is wide
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what is the Q wave?
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negative wave, first deflection.
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what is a long PR interval indicative of?
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AV nodal delay
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how do you measure the PR interval?
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from beginning of P wave to the beginning of Q wave
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what does the PR interval measure?
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the wave through the SA node
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T/F
ST segments include the T wave |
FALSE
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when is an ST segment abnormal?
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when its elevated or depressed
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why do we look at the QT interval?
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to make sure its not too long
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what type of fibers transmit the depolarization of the SA node into the left atrium (across the atrial septum)?
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Bockman's fibers
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what is special about the left bundle branch?
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it is a hemibundle. It contains two branches an anterior and posterior branch. Only the left is split.
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why is the SA node the cardiac pacemaker?
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because the intrinsic rate of the SA node if faster than any other pacemaker cell in the heart
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what is the pace of the SA node? AV node? Ventricle?
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SA: 60-100
AV: 40-60 Ventricle: < or equal to 40 |
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T/F
ALL cardiac tissue can be a pacemaker |
True!!
All cardiac tissues have automaticity so if the tissues above it are knocked out for some reason, then the rest of the heart will still contract. |
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what is the pace of the "normal" junctional rhythm? accelerated JR? Jxnal Tchy?
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normal :<60
Accelerated: 60-100 Tachy: >100 |
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what are the atrial rhythms and their paces?
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ectopic atrial: 45-55
Accelerated atrial: 55-100 Atrial tachy: 100-250 |
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regular, distinct p waves occurring at a rate of 300 BPM.
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atrial flutter
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no p waves and irregular QRS over 350 bpm
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atrial fibrillation
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what are the three things needed for reentry?
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1) a circuit
2) unidirectional block 3) appropriate speed |
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what are the ventricular rhythms and their paces?
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idioventricular rhythm: 20-40
AIVR: 40-100 V-tach: 100-250 V-flutter: 250-350 V-fib: >350 |
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in the heart, where is the fastest conduction? slowest?
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bundle of HIS; AV cap
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what is a 1st degree block?
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simply delay- lengthening of the PR interval but the QRS gets through every round. PR interval >.2 seconds
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What are the two subtypes of second degree block? how do they differ?
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Mobitz type 1 and 2
type1: PR interval gets longer and longer as it progresses until there is no QRS association with the P wave. One beat is dropped, but then it comes back. PR interval changes. type 2: the PP, PR and RR interval is increased and the node just gives out after a certain number of beats. Usually a fixed ratio like 2:1 or 4:1. PR interval does not change. |
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what is another name for type 1 second degree heart block?
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wenckebach
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what is third degree block?
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can't get any beats through. All P waves with no QRS. No association between atrium and vetricle. Ventricular rate is usually slower than atrial.
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what is AV dissociation?
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no association btwn atrium and ventricle. Ventricular rate is usually faster than atrial rate.
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what degree marker are these axis landmarks at?
Lead 1 AVR AVL lead 2 Lead 3 AVF |
Lead 1- 0
AVR- 210 AVL- 330 lead 2- 60 lead 3- 120 AVF-90 |
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Dx
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accelerated junctional rhythm
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dx
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atrial fibrillation
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dx
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atrial fibrillation
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dx
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atrial flutter
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dx
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multifocal atrial tachycardia
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dx
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normal sinus rhythm
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dx
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PVC
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dx
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second degree block mobitz type 2
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dx
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second degree AV block mobitz type 1
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dx
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SVT- junctional tachycardia
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dx
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Third degree AV block
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dx
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Torsades de Pointe
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dx
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ventricular fibrillation
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dx
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ventricular flutter
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dx
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ventricular tachycardia
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