Ekg, Heart Sounds, Blood Pressure

Front 1

What does EKG stand for?

Back 1

Electrocardiogram

Front 2

What is resting membrane potential?

Back 2

difference in electrical charge between teh inside and outside of their cell membrane

Front 3

What is electromyogram, EMG?

Back 3

Signals from skeletal muscles

Front 4

What is an electroencephalogram, EEG?

Back 4

Signals frm the brain

Front 5

What is electrocardiogram, ECG or EKG?

Back 5

Signals from the heart muscle

Front 6

Electorcardiograms have a repeating pattern of three waves called...

Back 6

P Wave
QRS complex
T Wave

Front 7

What causes the P Wave?

Back 7

small upward deflection resulting from the depolarization of the atria
-precedes the contractions of the atria

Front 8

What depolarizes the atria?

Back 8

The pacemaker cells in the SA Node (Sinoatrial).

Front 9

What causes the QRS Complex?

Back 9

corresponds to the depolarization of the ventricles.

Front 10

What causes the T Wave?

Back 10

results from the electrical repolarization of the ventricles
-precedes the relaxation of the ventricles.

Front 11

What does Lead I record?

Back 11

Flow of electricity from Right to Left Arm

Front 12

What does the Lead II record?

Back 12

Flow of electricity from right arm to left leg

Front 13

What does the Lead III record?

Back 13

Flow of electricity from Left arm to left leg.

Front 14

What is another name for blood pressure cup?

Back 14

Sphygmomanometer

Front 15

What are the Korotkoff sounds?

Back 15

turbulent flow of blood as it hits the sides of artery.

Front 16

What is the main purpose of the Korotkoff sounds?

Back 16

To hear the sounds for a Systolic pressure and Diastolic pressure.

Front 17

At rest, the myocardial cell membranes exhipbit a charge distributin called the_______.

Back 17

Resting Membrane Potential

Front 18

The wave of excitation which sweeps the heart initiating contraction is started by the __________.

Back 18

SA Node

Front 19

The term for the reversal in membrane polarity from negative inside to positive inside is called___________.

Back 19

Depolarization

Front 20

Depolarization of the atria results in the ___wave on an EKG.

Back 20

P Wave

Front 21

In Lead II, the positive electrode is attached to the __________.

Back 21

Left Leg

Front 22

Which wave of the EKG preceds the ventricular systole?

Back 22

QRS Wave

Front 23

The amplitue of an EKG wave reflects the intensity of the charge (mass of myocardium) and ismeasured in ___________.

Back 23

Millivolts

Front 24

The duration of a wave is a measure of _____ and is expressed in __________.

Back 24

Time ; seconds

Front 25

The T wave occurs just before what happens in the heart?

Back 25

Repolarization / Diastole

Front 26

EKGs are normall recorded at a paper speed of _________, at this rate each millimeter is equivalent to ________seconds.

Back 26

10mm; MV

Front 27

Which lead is normally always inverted?

Back 27

AVR- (Augmented Vector Right) Right arm positive

Front 28

Which leads are used to determine if there is an axis deviation?

Back 28

AVF & Lead I

Front 29

How is systolic pressure measured?

Back 29

force exerted by the blood against teh walls of the arteries when the heart is CONTRACTED.

Front 30

What factors are there about Diastole?

Back 30

period in the cardiac cycle when the heart is RELAXED and filling with blood.
-maintained by the elastic recoil of the arteries

Front 31

How is diastolic pressure measured?

Back 31

measure of peripheral resistance and gives information about the condition of peripheral vessels.

Front 32

What is Arteriosclerosis and cause?

Back 32

~hardening of the arteries
~increased diastolic pressure at rest above 95 mmHg

Front 33

Shock~in terms of blood pressure stands for

Back 33

Distolic pressure is insufficient to maintain capillary flow through the brain.

Front 34

What is used to listen on the heart at the surface of a chest?

Back 34

Stethoscope

Front 35

What is Extreme Right Axis Deviation?

Back 35

Both Lead I and AVF deviate downward.

Front 36

What is Right Axis Deviation?

Back 36

Lead I points downward
AVF points upward.

Front 37

What is Left Axis Deviation?

Back 37

Leat I points upward
AVF points downward

Front 38

What is Normal?

Back 38

Lead I points upward
AVF points upward

Front 39

What is the P-Q (P-R) interval?

Back 39

time between the beginning of the P wave and the beginning of the QRS wave.

Front 40

What is a S-T segment?

Back 40

begins at the end of the S wave and ends at the beginning of the T wave
(time between the end of Ventricular depolarization & their repolarization)

Front 41

What will cause changes in the S-T segment and also alter the S-T internval?

Back 41

~Lack of oxygen to the mycoardium (ischemia)
~Death of the heart tissue (infarction)

Front 42

What happens when there is an increase in the internval of P-Q.

Back 42

Scarring or inflammation of the conducting tissue (heart block)
~slows down impulse travel

Front 43

When heart rate increases during exercise what happens to the P-Q(P-R) intervals.

Back 43

They shorten.

Front 44

What is the Q-T interval?

Back 44

time required for the entire electrical activity of the ventricle
(beginning of depolarization and end of repolarization)

Front 45

What can cause an affect on the duration of the Q-T internval?

Back 45

Changes in the blood calcium levels

Front 46

An interval includes a wave, a segment does not.
True or False

Back 46

True

Front 47

One vertical millimeter on the paper then is equivalent to ______ millivolt.

Back 47

0.1

Front 48

If the ventricles are large, the R will be of _______ amplitude.

Back 48

High

Front 49

Enlargement of the ___ wave outside normal range indicates ________ of atria.

Back 49

P/enlargement.

Front 50

Each small 1 mm box is equivalent to ____ seconds on the horizontal.

Back 50

0.4