Ekg

Front 1

Idioventricular rhythm follow ____ protocols and use temporary ____ to inc rate and perfusion.

Back 1

Acls, pacemaker

Front 2

Idioventricular rhythm call a --- and call the ---

Back 2

Code, physician

Front 3

Idioventricular rhythm has no ---- rate, ventricular rate is less than --- and has a wide qrs greater than 0.12.

Back 3

Atrial, 40

Front 4

Second degree av block type 2 do temporary cardiac ---, and givea---.

Back 4

Pacing, atropine.

Front 5

Second degree av block type 2 rhythm is ----, ventricular rate is --- than atrial.

Back 5

Regular, less

Front 6

Second degree av block type 2 pr interval may be normal, or ----, it is constant until one --- wave is not conducted.

Back 6

Prolonged, P

Front 7

All ventricular rhythms are ---

Back 7

Lethal

Front 8

Ventricular tachycardia has no --- waves, only qrs. Rate is greater than ---.

Back 8

P, 100.

Front 9

For V Tach If Pulse Present Give a---, And l-----. Do synchronized -----

Back 9

Amiodarone, lidocaine, cardioversion.

Front 10

V tach treat underlying cause with medications, if ----, or cardiovert if ---.

Back 10

Stable, unstable

Front 11

V tach if pulse absent treat as V ----

Back 11

Fib

Front 12

Sinus pause rhythm is --- except for missing beats, rate is s--, entire ---- may be missing.

Back 12

Regular, slow, pqrst

Front 13

Sinus pause/arrest measure from beginning --- before pause, to the beginning of -- after pause.

Back 13

P, p

Front 14

Sinus pause/arrest treat underlying cause, give ---, hold d---, give a---, and place temp/permanent ----

Back 14

Oxygen, digitalis, atropine, pacemaker

Front 15

Sinus pause/arrest if bb toxicity give g--, if ccb toxicity, give ----

Back 15

Glucagon, calcium

Front 16

Normal PR interval is 0.12- --- seconds

Back 16

0.20

Front 17

Normal QRS interval is less than -- seconds

Back 17

0.12

Front 18

Sinus bradycardia rhythm ---, and rate -- bpm.

Back 18

Regular, 60.

Front 19

Symptomatic bradycardia give o---, hold d--, give a---.

Back 19

Oxygen, digoxin, atropine.

Front 20

Symptomatic bradycardia give g-- if bb toxicity, give c-- if ccb toxicity.

Back 20

Glucagon, calcium.

Front 21

Symptomatic bradycardia patient needs temporary/permanent --.

Back 21

Pacemaker.

Front 22

Atrial tachycardia rhythm is ---. Rate is 150- --.

Back 22

Regular, 250

Front 23

Atrial tachycardia p wave may encroach on --- wave, but you can still see p wave.

Back 23

T

Front 24

Atrial fibrillation pr interval is -- to measure due to speed of rhythm.

Back 24

Difficult

Front 25

Atrial tachycardia give o--, and a---. In addition, patient can --- down. You can do cardioversion, but --- first.

Back 25

Oxygen, adenosine, bear, sedate.

Front 26

Sinus arrhythmia is ---. Rate is 60 - ___. R waves and ___ waves are not spread apart equally.

Back 26

Irregular, 100, P.

Front 27

Sinus arrythmia treatment is usually ___. To abolish, increase hr by --- or drugs.

Back 27

Unnecessary, exercise.

Front 28

Sinus arrhythmia symptomatic with palpitations give s--, t--, a--, ephedrine, or isoproterenol administration.

Back 28

Sedatives, tranquilizers, atropine.

Front 29

Accelerated idioventricular rhythm has no __ rhythm, and the ventricular is regular to ___

Back 29

Atrial, irregular

Front 30

Accelerated idioventricular rate is ventricular ____ than 40. With qrs _____ than 0.12.

Back 30

Greater, greater.

Front 31

Accelerated idioventricular treatment p___, e_____, a_____.

Back 31

Pacemaker, atropine, epinephrine.

Front 32

Accelerated idioventricular treatment if pulseless pea do ___, acls protocol, call a ___ and call the doctor.

Back 32

Cpr, code

Front 33

Artificial pacemaker regulates heart rate when heart's pacemaker is not ___ enough or there are ___ in the heart's conduction system.

Back 33

Fast, blocks.

Front 34

Indications for pacemaker are symptomatic ____, ____ and drugs that cause bradycardias, periods of asystole greater than or equal to ___ seconds, and ___ degree block.

Back 34

Bradycardia, arrythmias, 3, second.

Front 35

Fixed asynchronous pacemaker is an option for ____ degree block.

Back 35

3rd.

Front 36

Pacemaker failure to ___ does not recognize ___ beats, and generates unnecessary pacemaker spike

Back 36

Sense, normal

Front 37

Pacemaker failure to ___, no ___ spikes where they should have been.

Back 37

Fire, pacer

Front 38

Pacemaker loss of ____ /failure to ____, pacer spikes not followed by p of qrs complex.

Back 38

Capture, capture.

Front 39

Pacemaker _____ pace beats or spikes too close to previous beats results in spikes in T waves or qrs.

Back 39

Undersensing

Front 40

Pacemaker failure to fire is also known as failure to p___, and failure to o____.

Back 40

Pace, output.

Front 41

Premature atrial contractions (PAC) rhythm is ___ due to ____ beats.

Back 41

Irregular, premature.

Front 42

PAC rate depends on ___ rhythm, slow, normal or fast.

Back 42

Underlying

Front 43

__ wave of PAC has different shape than sinus __ wave because the originate from a different atrial pacemaker.

Back 43

P, p

Front 44

PAC pr interval may be different from underlying ___

Back 44

Rhythm

Front 45

PAC may be caused by ____ stress, or excessive caffeine intake.

Back 45

Emotional

Front 46

PAC may be caused by sympathomimetic agents e___ and isuprel.

Back 46

Epinephrine

Front 47

PAC may be caused by ___thyroidism.

Back 47

Hyper

Front 48

PAC may be associated with structural ___ disease, and increase in frequency with age.

Back 48

Heart

Front 49

Isolated PAC occur in persons with ___ hearts, not significant.

Back 49

Healthy

Front 50

Frequent PAC in heart disease may be caused by ___ heart failure or acute ___.

Back 50

Congestive, MI.

Front 51

PACs may warn of _____ arrhythmias such as a-tach, a-flutter, or a-fib.

Back 51

Supraventricular

Front 52

True or false: PAC generally requires therapy.

Back 52

False

Front 53

PAC symptomatic or when they precipitate t____, give d___, b___, c___.

Back 53

Tachycardia, digoxin, betablocker, calcium channel blocker.

Front 54

Premature ventricular complex rhythm: underlying rhythm ___ with occasional premature ventricular beats

Back 54

Consistent

Front 55

PVC occurs in the ___.

Back 55

Ventricles

Front 56

PVC rate is slow, normal, and ___.

Back 56

Fast

Front 57

PVC p wave is related to ____ rhythm and PVC has __ p wave.

Back 57

Underlying, no

Front 58

PVC qrs is related to underlying rhythm PVC is ___ than 0.12.

Back 58

Greater

Front 59

PVC can be caused by emotional stress, d__ toxicity, stimulants, hypoxia, and ____ disturbances

Back 59

Digitalis, electrolyte

Front 60

PVC is not ___ in normal adults of all ages.

Back 60

Uncommon

Front 61

PVC occurs more frequently in ___ age.

Back 61

Advancing

Front 62

Young adults may have PVCs because of ___ or excessive caffeine intake.

Back 62

Anxiety

Front 63

PVC may be seen with virtually any type of heart disease, most commonly seen with acute ___

Back 63

MI

Front 64

Suppressing PVC or short runs of VT with antiarrhythmic drugs has __ been shown to improve survival.

Back 64

Not

Front 65

True or false: antiarrhythmic drugs may make PVC worse.

Back 65

True

Front 66

Trueor false: For PVC mixing multiple antiarrhythmic medications may cause a proarrhythmic effect.

Back 66

True

Front 67

Reverse PVC by finding the causes, h___, hypokalemia, hypom___and certain s____ drugs.

Back 67

Hypoxia, magnesemia, stimulant

Front 68

True or false: do not give BBC with PVC because you may make things worse.

Back 68

True

Front 69

Coupled PVCs occur in ____

Back 69

Pairs

Front 70

Multifocal PVCs have more than one __

Back 70

Shape

Front 71

Supraventricular tachycardia is ___ a specific arrhythmia.

Back 71

Not

Front 72

SVT means ___ the ventricles.

Back 72

Above

Front 73

SVT rhythm is ___, and has __ waves.

Back 73

Regular, p

Front 74

PVC has an abnormally wide, bizarre

____.

Back 74

Qrs

Front 75

Rhythm is ___ when PVCs occur.

Back 75

Irregular

Front 76

In PVC p wave may be present, or __. It may be obscured and appear as a ___ on the T or ST segment.

Back 76

Absent, notch

Front 77

PVC has a compensatory ___, an a upright ___ wave superimposed on a premature ectopic beat, and a wide and bizarre ___.

Back 77

Pause, p, qrs

Front 78

In PVCs if the p wave is present it is of the underlying rhythm, they continue without ___ during and after PVC. They occur at their expected time.

Back 78

Disruption.

Front 79

The obscured p wave in a PVC may appear as a ___ on the st segment or the t wave of the PVC. This is a clue that it is not a ___ rhythm.

Back 79

Notch, PAC

Front 80

SVT hr is 150- ___

Back 80

250

Front 81

SVT p wave is ___ with t wave.

Back 81

Merged

Front 82

SVT pr and qrs are ___

Back 82

Normal

Front 83

SVT pr interval can be difficult to ___

Back 83

Measure

Front 84

Ventricular tachycardia hr is greater than ___

Back 84

100

Front 85

V tach has no ___ rate, and the __ wave is not there or buried in qrs.

Back 85

Atrial, p

Front 86

V tach p:qrs ratio is __: ___

Back 86

0 : 1

Front 87

V tach unable to measure ___ interval. QRS is wide and bizarre greater than ___

Back 87

PR, 0.12

Front 88

V tach caused by ischemia, h__tension, h__kalemia.

Back 88

Hypotension, hypokalemia

Front 89

V tach can be caused by sinus Brady or __ block, or ____ tachy

Back 89

Av, supraventricular

Front 90

V tach has __ or more consecutive pvcs.

Back 90

3

Front 91

V tach hr greater than __

Back 91

100

Front 92

Atrial tachycardia give o__, fluids, antypyretic, anti___, antianxiety, and rest.

Back 92

Oxygen, anticoagulants.

Front 93

True or false: in Atrial tachycardia you can measure the pr interval.

Back 93

False, it is difficult to measure due to speed of rhythm.

Front 94

What is the difference in p waves for atrial tachycardia and supraventricular tachycardia?

Back 94

You see the p waves in atrial tachycardia, but not in supraventricular tachycardia.

Front 95

True or false: both supraventricular tachycardia and atrial tachycardia are 150-250 beats, per minute.

Back 95

True

Front 96

P waves in atrial tachycardia may be upright or ____

Back 96

Inverted.

Front 97

Sinus tachycardia rhythm is ___ 150.

Back 97

101

Front 98

Sinus tachycardia treat underlying cause, ___ requirements increased.

Back 98

Oxygen

Front 99

Sinus tachycardia caused by anemia, give __

Back 99

Blood

Front 100

Sinus tachycardia caused by hypovolemia, give ____.

Back 100

Fluids

Front 101

Sinus tachycardia caused by fever, temp will in ease __ bpm for every degree above 98F.

Back 101

10

Front 102

Sinus tachycardia p wave is ___, normal, and consistent.

Back 102

Present.

Front 103

The difference between sinus tachycardia from atrial tachycardia is the heart ___. A tach is ___ than s. tach.

Back 103

Rate, faster

Front 104

Treat accelerated junctional by holding d___

Back 104

Digitalis

Front 105

Accelerated junctional rate is 60 - __

Back 105

100

Front 106

Accelerated junctional p wave is i__, or missing, or inverted after the ____.

Back 106

Inverted, qrs

Front 107

True or false: you cannot measure rate, rhythm, or intervals in ventricular fibrillation.

Back 107

True

Front 108

Treat v. Fib with immediate d___ c___, epinephrine, a___, and magnesium.

Back 108

Defibrillation, cpr, amiodarone.

Front 109

V. Fib can be caused by acute __, d__ toxicity, drug overdose, ____ (lightening).

Back 109

MI, digitalis, electrocution.

Front 110

True or false: the v. Fib is disorganized, v. Tach is organized.

Back 110

True

Front 111

You defibrillate to organize electrical activity in v. ___

Back 111

Fib

Front 112

Pulseless electrical activity has ___ pulse, but appears on the monitor as a rhythm.

Back 112

No

Front 113

Treat pulse less electrical activity as a____. P_ is usually inefective, try as a last resort.

Back 113

Asystole, pacing

Front 114

Pulseless electrical activity always check for a ____

Back 114

Pulse

Front 115

Pulseless electrical activity treat with acts, c__, e____, o__, and must find the cause and treat it.

Back 115

Cpr, epinephrine, oxygen.

Front 116

PEA (pulseless electrical electrical activity), there is __ pumping of the heart with electrical activity.

Back 116

No

Front 117

T or F: PEA p wave may or may not be present

Back 117

True

Front 118

T or F: PEA rate may be regular or irregular.

Back 118

True

Front 119

T or F: PEA may be caused by hypovolemia, cardiac tamponade, tension pneumothorax, acidosis, and PE.

Back 119

True

Front 120

First degree AV block strip looks normal except the pr interval is prolongued, it is greater than ____

Back 120

0.20

Front 121

Second degree AV block type one ventricular rate is i___, atrial rate is regular.

Back 121

Irregular

Front 122

Second degree AV block type one ventricular rate is ___ than atrial.

Back 122

Less

Front 123

Second degree AV block type 1 PR interval gets progressively longer until one ___ wave is blocked.

Back 123

P

Front 124

Second degree AV block type one p rate is regular, to me it looks like ___ interval is dropped.

Back 124

Qrs

Front 125

Second degree av block is also known as mobitz type __, and w___.

Back 125

1, wenckebach

Front 126

2nd degree av block type 1, you will see pqrst complexes in c___, p-qrs ratio is 1:1, or 2:1.

Back 126

Clusters

Front 127

2nd degree av block type 1 if hr less than ___, and patient symptomatic treat with a___.

Back 127

50, atropine

Front 128

First degree av block generally does not require specific treatment. If, excessive vagotonia, bradycardia, and hypotension present administer a___.

Back 128

Atropine

Front 129

2nd degree av block type 2, if patient symptomatic give and has a normal qrs give a__.

Back 129

Atropine

Front 130

2nd degree av block type 2 do temporary cardiac ___ for symptomatic patients.

Back 130

Pacing

Front 131

2nd degree av block type 2, rhythm is usually ___ when conduction rates are constant.

Back 131

Regular

Front 132

2nd degree av block type 2 rate atrial is normal, ventricular rate __ than atrial.

Back 132

Less

Front 133

Second degree av block type 2 please wave may be normal or p__, but it is constant until one __ wave is not conducted.

Back 133

Prolonged, p

Front 134

True or false: 2nd degree av block type 2 ratio can be 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, or, any combination.

Back 134

True

Front 135

Third degree av block do temporary cardiac p___ for treatment if symptomatic, otherwise a standby cardiac pacemaker is indicated.

Back 135

Pacing

Front 136

3rd degree av block with narrow qrs occasionally responds to a___ if it is caused by an acute inferior or right ventricular MI.

Back 136

Atropine

Front 137

3rd degree av block has a ____ pr interval. P wave is not married to qrs.

Back 137

Variable

Front 138

3rd degree av block __ waves hiding in qrs or t waves.

Back 138

P

Front 139

3rd degree a block has ___ qrs and___ ventricular rate.

Back 139

Wide, decreased

Front 140

True or false 3rd degree av block p - qrs ratio is unrelated.

Back 140

True

Front 141

Junctional rhythms have inverted __ wave, __ p wave, or inverted p wave after the qrs.

Back 141

P, no

Front 142

In ventricular rhythms, pvc has no __ wave and qrs is __ than 0.12.

Back 142

P, greater

Front 143

In ventricular tachycardia you are unable to determine __ rate.

Back 143

Atrial

Front 144

In ventricular tachycardia there is __ p wave or it is buried in qrs.

Back 144

No

Front 145

In ventricular tachycardia qrs has a ___ bizzare morphology __ than 0.12.

Back 145

Wide, greater

Front 146

Torsades des pointes rhythm is ___, rate is greater than ____

Back 146

Regular, 250

Front 147

Torsades des pointes qrs __ than 0.12, and ____ around isoelectric line.

Back 147

Greater, twists

Front 148

Torsades de pointes treat with IV ___, atrial or ventricular ___, permanent __, or ICD.

Back 148

Magnesium, pacing, pacemaker

Front 149

Asystole treat with acls protocol, do ___, give e__, a___, treat cause of asystole.

Back 149

Cpr, epinephrine, atropine.

Front 150

Idioventricular rhythm there is no ___ rate. Ventricular usually __ than 40.

Back 150

atrial, less

Front 151

Idiiventricular rhythm qrs ___ than 0.12

Back 151

Greater

Front 152

Idioventricular do acls and temporary ___.

Back 152

Pacemaker

Front 153

Accelerated idioventricular has ___ atrial rate, ventricular rate is ___ than 40, and qrs is ___ , greater than 0.12.

Back 153

No, greater, wide

Front 154

Accelerated idioventricular do p__, a__, e__. If pulse less pea do CPR and acls protocols.

Back 154

Pacemaker, atropine, epinephrine.