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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Aldosterone exhibits its effect on target cells by:
entering into target cells, where it increases the rate of production of sodium-potassium pump proteins.
Aldosterone is secreted by what gland?
Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex
A patient develops an abdominal tumor resulting in the secretion of large quantities of aldosterone into the blood stream so..
Levels of aldosterone secreted by the adrenal cortex will decrease. This is a negative feedback question, so if another source of aldosterone exists in the body negative feedback would suppress secretion by the adrenal cortex
What gland secretes aldosterone?
The adrenal cortex
Endocrine hormones bind to a protein receptor, true or false
True
Examples of secondary messengers:
cyclic AMP
calmodulin
cyclic GMP
Steriods are lipid soluble, true or false?
True
The pancreas is a unique organ because it has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The exocrine function of the pancreas releases:
digestive enzymes through a duct
Steroids act at which level?
Transcription or translation?
Transcription level
Most steroid hormones regulate enzymatic activity at the level of:
transcription by regulating the amount of mRNA transcribed
Acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system and is not a second messenger system itself, true or fase
True
Acetylcholine acts as a secondary messenger system, true or false
False, acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system.
What side effects might be experienced by someone who is administered a dose of thyroxine?
A decrease in endogenous TSH production. T3 and T4 (thyroxine) are controlled by negative feedback involving TSH from the anterior pituitary hormone.
Parathyroid hormone is affected by thyroxine levels, true or false?
False
Sympathetic stimulation results in responses most similar to the release of which hormone?
Epinephrine
Acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system and is not a second messenger system itself, true or fase
True
Acetylcholine acts as a secondary messenger system, true or false
False, acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system.
What side effects might be experienced by someone who is administered a dose of thyroxine?
A decrease in endogenous TSH production. T3 and T4 (thyroxine) are controlled by negative feedback involving TSH from the anterior pituitary hormone.
Parathyroid hormone is affected by thyroxine levels, true or false?
False
Sympathetic stimulation results in responses most similar to the release of which hormone?
Epinephrine
When compared with the actions of the nervous system, those of the endocrine system are:
slower in responding to changes, and longer lasting
Insulin shock occurs when a patient with diabetes self adminsters too much insulin. Typical symptoms are extreme nervousness, trembling, sweating, and passing out. The physioloigcal effects of insulin shock include:
Dangerously low blood glucose levels
Vasopressin, a hormone involved in water balance is produced in the:
Hypothalamus
Osteoperosis is an absolute decrease in bone tissue mass, especially trabecular bone. What may contribute to this?
Defective interstinal calcium absorption, menopause, and increased sensitivity to endogenous parathyroid hormone
Which is not produced by the anterior pituitary?
Thyroxine, growth hormone, prolactin, leutenizing hormone?
Thyroxine (T4) is produced by the thyroid gland
What are some hormonal and physiological effects of stress that would be present in the last mile of a marathon?
Increased glucagon secretions, increased heart rate, and decreased blood flow to the small intestine
Parathyroid hormone is an important hormone in the control of blood calcium ion levels. Parathyroid hormone directly effects:
Bone density because it stimulates osteoblasts, renal calcium absorption, and blood calcium concentration
A drug that causes increased secretion of testosterone from the interstitial cells of a physically mature male would cause:
enhanced secondary sex characteristics
During the female menstrual cycle, increasing levels of estrogen cause:
A positive feedback response, stimulating LH secretions by the anterior pituitary
The function of the epididymus is to:
Store sperm until they are released during ejaculation
Decreased progesterone levels during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle are associated with:
Degeneration of the corpus luteum in the ovary
The inner linings of the Fallopian tubes are covered with a layer of cilia, the purpose of this layer is to:
Facilitate movement of the ovum toward the uterus
Which endocrine gland produces testosterone?
The adrenal cortex
Cleavage of human cells involves:
Mammalian eggs undergo holoblastic cleavage where division occurs throughout the whole egg
The heart, bone, and skeletal muscle most likely arise from which of the primary germ layers?
The mesoderm