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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aldosterone exhibits its effect on target cells by:
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entering into target cells, where it increases the rate of production of sodium-potassium pump proteins.
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Aldosterone is secreted by what gland?
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Aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal cortex
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A patient develops an abdominal tumor resulting in the secretion of large quantities of aldosterone into the blood stream so..
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Levels of aldosterone secreted by the adrenal cortex will decrease. This is a negative feedback question, so if another source of aldosterone exists in the body negative feedback would suppress secretion by the adrenal cortex
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What gland secretes aldosterone?
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The adrenal cortex
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Endocrine hormones bind to a protein receptor, true or false
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True
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Examples of secondary messengers:
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cyclic AMP
calmodulin cyclic GMP |
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Steriods are lipid soluble, true or false?
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True
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The pancreas is a unique organ because it has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The exocrine function of the pancreas releases:
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digestive enzymes through a duct
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Steroids act at which level?
Transcription or translation? |
Transcription level
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Most steroid hormones regulate enzymatic activity at the level of:
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transcription by regulating the amount of mRNA transcribed
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Acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system and is not a second messenger system itself, true or fase
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True
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Acetylcholine acts as a secondary messenger system, true or false
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False, acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system.
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What side effects might be experienced by someone who is administered a dose of thyroxine?
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A decrease in endogenous TSH production. T3 and T4 (thyroxine) are controlled by negative feedback involving TSH from the anterior pituitary hormone.
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Parathyroid hormone is affected by thyroxine levels, true or false?
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False
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Sympathetic stimulation results in responses most similar to the release of which hormone?
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Epinephrine
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Acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system and is not a second messenger system itself, true or fase
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True
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Acetylcholine acts as a secondary messenger system, true or false
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False, acetylcholine acts through a secondary messenger system.
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What side effects might be experienced by someone who is administered a dose of thyroxine?
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A decrease in endogenous TSH production. T3 and T4 (thyroxine) are controlled by negative feedback involving TSH from the anterior pituitary hormone.
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Parathyroid hormone is affected by thyroxine levels, true or false?
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False
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Sympathetic stimulation results in responses most similar to the release of which hormone?
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Epinephrine
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When compared with the actions of the nervous system, those of the endocrine system are:
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slower in responding to changes, and longer lasting
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Insulin shock occurs when a patient with diabetes self adminsters too much insulin. Typical symptoms are extreme nervousness, trembling, sweating, and passing out. The physioloigcal effects of insulin shock include:
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Dangerously low blood glucose levels
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Vasopressin, a hormone involved in water balance is produced in the:
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Hypothalamus
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Osteoperosis is an absolute decrease in bone tissue mass, especially trabecular bone. What may contribute to this?
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Defective interstinal calcium absorption, menopause, and increased sensitivity to endogenous parathyroid hormone
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Which is not produced by the anterior pituitary?
Thyroxine, growth hormone, prolactin, leutenizing hormone? |
Thyroxine (T4) is produced by the thyroid gland
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What are some hormonal and physiological effects of stress that would be present in the last mile of a marathon?
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Increased glucagon secretions, increased heart rate, and decreased blood flow to the small intestine
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Parathyroid hormone is an important hormone in the control of blood calcium ion levels. Parathyroid hormone directly effects:
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Bone density because it stimulates osteoblasts, renal calcium absorption, and blood calcium concentration
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A drug that causes increased secretion of testosterone from the interstitial cells of a physically mature male would cause:
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enhanced secondary sex characteristics
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During the female menstrual cycle, increasing levels of estrogen cause:
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A positive feedback response, stimulating LH secretions by the anterior pituitary
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The function of the epididymus is to:
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Store sperm until they are released during ejaculation
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Decreased progesterone levels during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle are associated with:
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Degeneration of the corpus luteum in the ovary
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The inner linings of the Fallopian tubes are covered with a layer of cilia, the purpose of this layer is to:
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Facilitate movement of the ovum toward the uterus
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Which endocrine gland produces testosterone?
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The adrenal cortex
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Cleavage of human cells involves:
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Mammalian eggs undergo holoblastic cleavage where division occurs throughout the whole egg
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The heart, bone, and skeletal muscle most likely arise from which of the primary germ layers?
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The mesoderm
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