Egyptian Archi

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Principle of construction in EGYPTIAN ARCHI

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POST AND LINTEL

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Principle building material for domestic building (Egyptian archi)

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MUD BRICK

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Effects of climate on buildings:

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SIMPLE DESIGN

FEW WINDOWS

FLAT ROOD

MASSIVE WALLS

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Practice/Belief: ______ in theory

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MONOTHEISTIC

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Practice/Belief: _______ IN PRACTICE

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POLYTHEISTIC

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King of the Gods

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AMUN

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Theban Triad

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AMUN

MUT

KHONS

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God of the underworld

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OSIRIS

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Abydos triad

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OSIRIS

ISIS

HORUS

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Memphis Triad

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PTAH

SEKHMET

NEFERTEM

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The last great pyramid builder

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KING MENKAURE

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A striped head cloth worn almost exclusively by the king in representations like a sphinx or falcon

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NEMES CROWN

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Symbolizes life, health & strength

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ANKH

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Represents justice, truth, morality and balance

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FEATHER OF MA'AT

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Represents the kingship of 2 lands

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DOUBLE CROWN

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Symbolized power, dominion & control

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SCEPTER

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Symbolized protection and royal power

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EYE OF HORUS

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A rope enclosing a royal name thereby serving as the protector of that name

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CARTOUCHE

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Represents light, warm & growth

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SUN DISK

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A sceptre symbolizing government

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CROOK

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Symbolizes resurrection and rebirth

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SCARAB

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Earn a place in this boat by having a light heart.

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BOAT OF RA

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Represent the lower Egypt and symbolizes royal protection

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COBRA/URAEUS

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Represent upper Egypt and symbolized diving kingship

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FALCON

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His mummified body was contained in 3 coffins or sarcophagi

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TUTANKHAMUN

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Kings of ancient egypt

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PHARAOHS

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Ruled herself as the first woman pharaoh

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HATSHEPSUT

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Was called Napoleon of ancient egypt

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THUTMOSE III

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Was one of the longest ruling pharaohs for 67 yrs

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RAMESES II

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"Queen of the nile"

Was the last pharaoh of A. Egypt

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CLEOPATRA

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Ornament: Symbol for lower egypt and fertility

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PAPYRUS

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Ornament: symbol for upper egypt & fertility

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LOTUS

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Ornament: fertility

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PALM

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Are indicative of plant stems gathered at the base with capitals derived from the lotus bud, papyrus flower & palm

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COLUMNS

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Arabic word meaning "bench of mud"

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MASTABA

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A broad pit below ground covered with a rectangular flat mound with slides sloping at 75 deg

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MASTABA

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Slot for portcullises descending to the tomb chamber

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TOMB SHAFT

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A room for the statue of the deceased

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SERDAB

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Room where the names of the deceased (Stele) are located

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OFFERING ROOM

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World's first large scale monument in stone with no free standing columns

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STEP PYRAMID OF DJOZER

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Series of 6 smaller mastabas one at top of another in polished white limestone

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STEP PYRAMID, DJOZER

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A pyramid composed of a mastaba and a true pyramid

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BENT PYRAMID

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PARTS OF A PYRAMID

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OFFERING CHAPEL

MORTUARY TEMPLE

CAUSEWAY

VALLEY BUILDING

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Part of pyramid: For the worship of the dead

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MORTUARY TEMPLE

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Part of pyramid; for interment & embalmment

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VALLEY BUILDING

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Oldest & largest of the 3 pyramids in the Giza necropolis

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PYRAMID OF CHEOPS (KHUFU)

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Slightly smaller that the pyramid of cheops & guarded by the sphinx believed TO BEAR THE FAVE OF KING CHEPHREN

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PYRAMID OF CHEPHREN (KHAFRE)

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Smalles and last among the 3 pyramids

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PYRAMID OF MYKERINOS

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Pyramid construction

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STRAIGHT RAMPS

ZIGZAG AND SPIRAL

INTERNAL RAMPS

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Ex of corridor tomb

It was the royal necropolis of ancient egypt where kings & powerful nobles were buried

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VALLEY OF THE KINGS

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One of the smaller tombs in the valley of the kings

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TOMB OF TUTANKHAMUN

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Temple used for the ministrations to deified pharaohs

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MORTUARY TEMPLE

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Temple for the worship of the ancient & mysterious gods

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CULT TEMPLE

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A monumental gateway in an e. temple

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PYLON

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Part of e. temple surrounded by columns

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GREAY COURT

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Forest of columns, portraying the illusion of infinity & vastness of space

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HYPOSTYLE HALL

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Holiest part and accessible only to the kings & pharaohs

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SANCTUARY

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A tall 4-sises narrow tapering column terminating pyramidion, its most sacred part

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OBELISK

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Characteristic of sloping walls

Designed with inward inclinations

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BATTER WALLS

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Grandest of all egyptian temples & built by many kings, has 6 pairs of pylons

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GREAT TEMPLE OF AMUN

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Most important sanctuary of the cult who worshipped the sun god, amun-ra

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GREAT TEMPLE OF AMUN

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Built from sandstone blocks and the most completely preserved of all temple remains

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TEMPLE OF HORUS

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Temples commemorating divine births

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MAMMISI