Egckb-Java-1

Front 1

What year was the Java programming language released to the public?

Back 1

1995

Front 2

Who created Java?

Back 2

James Gosling

Front 3

What is Object-oriented programming (OOP)?

Back 3

software development methodology in which a program is conceptualized as a group of objects that work together.

Front 4

Objects are created from templates called ...

Back 4

Classes

Front 5

classes contain _____ and the _______ required to use it.

Back 5

data, statements

Front 6

Platform neutrality is ...

Back 6

run without modification in different environments or platforms

Front 7

Java programs are transformed into a format called ________ that can be run by any computer or device equipped with a ____.

Back 7

Byte-code, Java virtual machine or JVM

Front 8

What are 3 ways Java is easier than C++

Back 8

1) automatically memory allocation and de-allocation; 2) no pointers; 3) single inheritance

Front 9

At a high level, how do you put together an OO program?

Back 9

1) create objects; 2) connecting to each other or to existing objects

Front 10

Describe an object

Back 10

a self contained construct in memory which accomplishes specific tasks

Front 11

Describe a class

Back 11

A template used to create an object (bonus: a class is also loaded into memory, when its object is created.)

Front 12

What is instantiation?

Back 12

process of creating an object

Front 13

What is an instance?

Back 13

an accessible object in memory

Front 14

What is the software development kit provided by Oracle, called?

Back 14

JDK

Front 15

What is Java SE, Java EE and the JDK?

Back 15

These are the software libraries. SE is Standard Edition, EE is Enterprise Edition, JDK is the Java Development Kit.

Front 16

What two distinct structures are found in a Java class?

Back 16

Attributes and behaviours

Front 17

Describe attributes

Back 17

attributes are characteristics which describes state of an object

Front 18

How are attributes defined in an object?

Back 18

variables

Front 19

What is an instance variable? What other term is often used?

Back 19

storage location, specific to an instance of an object; object variable

Front 20

What is a class variable?

Back 20

Variable that is defined at the class level. Only one value is stored, no matter how many objects of the class have been created.

Front 21

Describe behaviours

Back 21

things that objects can do to themselves and possibly other objects

Front 22

What are methods?

Back 22

behaviours that perform specific tasks

Front 23

Well designed Methods perform only ____ task.

Back 23

One

Front 24

Variables are limited to storage of specific types of data. Give two examples of data that can be stored in a string type variable.

Back 24

regular text, directly assigned; the instance of another object as long as it was created from the string class

Front 25

What is a type?

Back 25

a way of classifying a piece of data; often used interchangeably with object

Front 26

What is main()? How do you define it?

Back 26

- TBD

Front 27

What is meant by immutable?

Back 27

can not be changed after it is set. If you try to change, a new object is created.

Front 28

What is a primitive type?

Back 28

Basic data types built into the language. Can be used without instantiation.

Front 29

Methods, properties & data in a class are referred to as ...

Back 29

Members

Front 30

Describe inheritance

Back 30

enables a class to inherit behaviour and attributes from another class

Front 31

What is a subclass?

Back 31

class which is inherited from a superclass

Front 32

What is a superclass?

Back 32

A class that is inherited from one level up the hierarchy

Front 33

How many superclasses can you inherit from in Java?

Back 33

one

Front 34

What is the root superclass for everything in Java?

Back 34

object

Front 35

When you write a new class, what default class does it inherit from? How would you stop this default?

Back 35

object; you can indicate that it is a superclass

Front 36

When you call a method in a subclass, how does Java find it?

Back 36

locates the method by looking through the class hierarchy, bottom up

Front 37

When Java is looking through a hierarchy for a method call, how does it behave when there is more than one method with the same name and signature?

Back 37

it uses the method it locates first, bottom up

Front 38

What is overriding a method mean?

Back 38

creating an implementation in a subclass, for a method that already exists in a superclass

Front 39

What type of inheritance does Java support?

Back 39

Single

Front 40

What is an interface? (object interface not user interface) (2)

Back 40

1) class with method names, but no definitions; 2) a contract which forces the implementation of specific methods, to ensure compatibility between different object types

Front 41

What is a package in Java?

Back 41

a way to group and hierarchically name classes and interfaces

Front 42

What does the import statement allow?

Back 42

provides a shortcut reference to a class from another package

Front 43

How does Java, manage classes and their objects when a program is executed?

Back 43

BOTH objects AND their classes are loaded into memory when needed

Front 44

What is a generic?

Back 44

a class or method without a type

Front 45

A statement that produces a value is called an ________.

Back 45

expression

Front 46

The result produced by a statement is called its _______ ________.

Back 46

return value

Front 47

A group of statements grouped together using a { and }

Back 47

block

Front 48

Name three levels of Java variables

Back 48

instance, class and local

Front 49

Four ways to declare a variable in Java - use *int* as the type and *sample* as the var name

Back 49

int sample; int sample1, sample2; int sample = value; int sample1 = value1, sample2 = value2;

Front 50

T/F ? You can declare a local variable without assigning any value

Back 50

False. The value may not be known while coding, but it must be assigned to at some point in time.

Front 51

Variable names in Java must start with (3 items)

Back 51

letter, underscore, $

Front 52

T/F? Java is case-sensitive

Back 52

True

Front 53

Difference between Pascal Case and Camel Case

Back 53

PascalCase capitalizes every word, eliminate spaces; camelCase capitalizes every successive word

Front 54

Integer, byte is what size?

Back 54

8 bits

Front 55

Integer, short is what size?

Back 55

16 bits

Front 56

Integer, int is what size?

Back 56

32 bits

Front 57

Integer, long is what size?

Back 57

64 bits

Front 58

What is a Floating-point data type? Give two Java Floating-point types

Back 58

numbers with a decimal point; float - for most uses; double - for very precise calculations

Front 59

Data type best suited to handle single character and symbols

Back 59

char

Front 60

Difference between char and Char

Back 60

char is a primitive data type; Char is a special Java class with similar functionality

Front 61

What does void indicate?

Back 61

used in methods to indicate that no value will be returned

Front 62

Difference between = and ==

Back 62

= is an assignment operator, == is a comparison operator

Front 63

A _______ is a variable with a value that never changes.

Back 63

constant