Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Pupil of the eye
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach binds to muscarinic receptors on the sphincter muscle. Ach binds to muscarinic receptor on the ciliary muscle (Note: contraction of ciliary muscle causes relaxation of suspensory ligaments, allowing the lens to get rounder and facilitates near vision) |
Effect
Contraction of the sphincter muscles leads to constriction of the pupil Contraction of the ciliary muscle (causes opening of canal of Schlemm, which leads to decreased intraocular pressure.) |
|
|
Pupil of the eye
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to α1-receptors on the radial muscles |
Effect
Contraction of the radial muscles leads to dilation of the pupil |
|
|
Bronchi
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach binds to muscarinic receptors |
Effect
Contracts smooth muscle surrounding bronchi |
|
|
Bronchi
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to α1-receptors NE or EPI binds β2-receptors |
Effect
Increases organic content of secretions Relaxation of smooth muscles surrounding bronchi |
|
|
Heart
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach binds to muscarinic receptors |
Effect
Decrease in heart rate and ionotropy |
|
|
Heart
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to β1-receptors |
Effect
Increase in heart rate and ionotropy |
|
|
Blood Vessels
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach from exogenous source (no direct parasympathetic innervation of the blood vessels) |
Effect
Vasodilation |
|
|
Blood Vessels
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to α1-receptors on all blood vessels except those supplying skeletal muscles NE or EPI binds to β2-receptors on blood vessels that supply skeletal muscles |
Effect
Vasoconstriction Vasodilation |
|
|
GI tract
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach binds to muscarinic receptors on longitudinal muscles Ach binds to muscarinic receptors on sphincter muscles |
Effect
Contraction of longitudinal muscles Relaxation of sphincter muscles Both leads to increased peristalsis and bowel movements |
|
|
GI Tract
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI on β2-receptors on longitudinal muscles NE or EPI binds to α1-receptors on sphincter muscles |
Effect
Relaxation of longitudinal muscles Contraction of sphincter muscles Both effects result in decrease of bowel movement |
|
|
Bladder
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Ach binds to muscarinic receptors on body of bladder Ach binds to muscarinic receptors on sphincter of the bladder |
Effect
Contraction of body of bladder Relaxation of the sphincter of the bladder Both effects result in urination |
|
|
Bladder
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to β2-receptors on the body of the bladder NE or EPI binds to α1-receptors sphincter of the bladder |
Effect
Relaxation of the body of the bladder Contraction of the sphincter of the bladder Both effects result in decreased urination |
|
|
Liver
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Impulses via vagus nerve |
Effect
Slight glycogen synthesis; weak gallbladder contraction |
|
|
Liver
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to β2-receptors |
Effect
Increase in glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis |
|
|
Pancreas
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Impulse via vagus nerve Ach release |
Effect
Secretion of moderate to large amounts of enzymes into the pancreatic acini |
|
|
Pancreas
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to β2-receptors on the beta cell NE or EPI binds to α2-receptors on the beta cells |
Effect
Increase in insulin release (predominant effect) Decrease in insulin release |
|
|
Kidney
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Insignificant |
Effect
Insignificant |
|
|
Kidney
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE or EPI binds to β1-receptors |
Renin release
|
|
|
Adipose
Parasympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
Insignificant |
Effect
Insignificant |
|
|
Adipose
Sympathetic Mechanism Effect |
Mechanism
NE binds to β3-receptors on adipocytes |
Effect
Increased lipolysis (release of free fatty acids) |
