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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What determines the difference between the effector Igs |
constant region, determines the effector function
isotype refers to the specific Fc region A E G etc.
idiotypes refers to the same specific Fab region cleft where the epitope binds |
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What are some of the Ab functions |
neutralize
opsonize = better for phagocytosis
increase NK cell activity
activate complement |
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How do Abs function |
inhibit the binding to or invasion of host cells due to changes in size and conformation
interfere with cell to cell transmission
neutralize toxins |
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How do IgGs work |
promote phagocytosis due to FcGAMMA receptors on phagocytes
Ab dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) IgG antibodies are bound by the Cd16 receptor on NK cells and triggers cell death
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How do IgEs work |
Eosinophil has a FcEpsilon receptor for which IgE binding to parasites (helminths) which activates the eosinophil and mast cells
IL-5 from Th2 brings eosinophils to site of infection and promotes life |
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How does the complement pathway interact with the humoral immune system |
IgM or IgG binds the antigen molecule, C1 binds the Fc and becomes active an triggers the complement cascade leading to inflammation MAC formation |
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What comprises the mucosal immune system |
cells are induced in sites then migrate to effector sites
is able to have very specific positive and negative responses can recognize good from bad, if its working fine don't flare up |
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What are the functional differences between IgA and other immunoglob |
IgA exist as dimers and secretes by the mucosal immune system with a J chain. The secretory component stabilizes the dimer form so it isnt digested in the gut |
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What are the inductive and effector sites |
Peyer's patches are the locations of inductive mucosal lymphocyes (similar to lymph node)
Immune response occurs in the lamina propria lympohcytes where they perfrom effector functions (different from the intraepithelial lymphocytes) |
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What are M cells. |
specialized epithelial cells that sample luminal antigens
TAKE up the antigens of the gut but does NOT present and leaves it for the APCs
M cell default is for toleragenic T/denndritic cells to not iniate a cell response |
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What is the poly Ig receptor |
receptor that transports the dimeric IgA and brings it across the border to the lumen via endocytosis.
The secretory chain is part of the poly-IgA receptor, which is not digested |
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What is the role of secreted IgA |
neturalize toxins, and transport toxins and pathogens from the lamina propria to the lumen
HAS 2-WAY movement |
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What are the intra-epithelial lymphocytes |
CD8 T cells found between the epethilal cells |
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How does the mucosal tolerance differentiate between dangerous and safe |
systemic tolerance through all mucosal membranes
to avoid tolerance must enter through a non oral mucosal barrier or must enter with a danger signal |
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How do antigens avoid the humeral response |
antigenic variation
inhibition of complement
resistance to phagocytosis |
